Chitsulo Chosapanga dzimbiri cha ku Japan vs Chitsulo Chapamwamba cha Carbon: Onse Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito Kupanga Mipeni Ya Khitchini

Author: Joost Nusselder, wolemba buku la The Essential Japanese mealner cookbook Idasinthidwa February 24, 2023

Mipeni ya ku Japan imapangidwa ndi chitsulo chapadera chomwe nthawi zambiri chimakhala chosiyana ndi chitsulo chakumadzulo.

Kodi mumadziwa kuti opanga mpeni aku Japan amagwiritsa ntchito zosapanga dzimbiri or chitsulo chachikulu cha kaboni, kutengera mtundu wa mpeni ndi mtundu wake?

Koma pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za ku Japan ndi zitsulo zawo zapamwamba za carbon?

Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofewa, zofewa, komanso zosavuta kuzisamalira. Zitsulo zapamwamba za kaboni zimatha kukhala zokulirapo kwa nthawi yayitali, koma zimafunikiranso chisamaliro chochulukirapo chifukwa cha chizolowezi chawo cha dzimbiri ndi chip.

Kudziwa chomwe chili chabwino sikophweka chifukwa onsewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mipeni yakukhitchini yosiyanasiyana ndipo ali ndi zabwino.

M'nkhaniyi, ndikugawana kusiyana pakati pa mitundu yachitsulo ya ku Japan: chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri vs chitsulo cha carbon, ndi momwe amafananizira.

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Sayansi kumbuyo kwa chuma

Chitsulo ndi zotsatira za kuwonjezera carbon ku chitsulo.

Mwanjira ina, zili ngati kuphatikiza kwamatsenga kwazinthu ziwiri zomwe zimapanga china chake chabwinoko! 

Pankhani ya chitsulo, zonse zimatengera mpweya wa carbon. Nachi mwachidule:

• Iron: Ili ndi 0 - 0.04% ya carbon
• Chitsulo: Ili ndi 0.04 - 2% ya carbon
• Chitsulo cha Carbon Chokwera: Chili ndi 0.7% ya carbon

Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa carbon, chitsulo chimakhala cholimba komanso champhamvu.

Pankhani yachitsulo, sizinthu zamtundu umodzi.

Pali mitundu yambiri yazitsulo, koma ziwiri zofala kwambiri ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi carbon steel.

Zitha kuwoneka zofanana, koma pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa awiriwa. 

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimadziwikanso kuti inox chitsulo ndipo chimalimbana ndi madontho omwe amayamba chifukwa cha dzimbiri.

Izi ndichifukwa choti ili ndi chromium yochepera 10.5% ndi kulemera.

Chromium iyi imapanga chotchinga pakati pa chitsulo ndi mpweya, ndikuyiteteza kuti isachite dzimbiri. 

Chitsulo cha kaboni, komano, chimadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya, nthawi zambiri mpaka 2.1% ya kulemera kwake.

Ilibe zinthu zomwe zimalimbana ndi dzimbiri ngati chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, kotero zimatha kuchita dzimbiri ndi kuwononga zikakhala ndi chinyezi.

Komanso ndi yamphamvu komanso yolimba kuposa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, n’chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malupanga, mipeni, ndi zida zina zazitsulo. 

M'chigawo chotsatira, ndidutsa kusiyana pakati pa mitundu iwiri yazitsulo za ku Japan zomwe mipeni imapangidwa.

Mitundu yodziwika bwino yachitsulo ku Japan

• Aogami Super - Ichi ndiye chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri cha carbon ku Japan. Ili ndi kuuma kwambiri ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mipeni yapamwamba ya Santoku ndi Gyuto.
• Aogami #1 - Chitsulo ichi chimapangidwa powonjezera chromium ndi tungsten ku Shirogami 1 (chitsulo choyera #1). Yathandizira kumamatira komanso kukana ma abrasion, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kwa mipeni ya Santoku ndi Chef.
• Aogami #2 - Chitsulo ichi chimapangidwa powonjezera chromium ndi tungsten ku Shirogami 2 (chitsulo choyera #2). Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mipeni ya Santoku, Gyuto, Deba, ndi Yanagiba.
• Shirogami #1 - Chitsulo ichi chimakhala ndi mpweya wambiri kuposa Shirogami 2 (chitsulo choyera #2), chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chikhale cholimba komanso chakuthwa. Pamafunika luso lambiri kuti mugwire bwino, kotero mipeni ya Shirogami #1 ndiyosowa.
• Shirogami #2 - Ichi ndichitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipeni yachikhalidwe yaku Japan. Ndizovuta kugwira, koma wosula zitsulo waluso akhoza kupanga tsamba lalikulu.
• Tamahagane (Tama Steel) - Chitsulochi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malupanga a ku Japan, osati mipeni yakukhitchini. Ili ndi mpweya wa 1.5% ndipo imatengedwa kuti ndi chitsulo choyera kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Fufuzani kusiyana pakati pa aogami ndi shirogami chitsulo (ndi iti yomwe ili bwino?)

Kodi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha ku Japan ndi chiyani?

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha ku Japan ndi aloyi yomwe imakhala ndi chromium, molybdenum, faifi tambala, ndi zinthu zina.

Chitsulo chamtunduwu chimalimbana ndi dzimbiri kusiyana ndi zitsulo zamtundu wa carbon, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino kwa mipeni yakukhitchini.

Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mipeni yakukhitchini chifukwa chakuthwa kwake, kulimba, komanso kukonza kosavuta.

Mitundu ya Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha ku Japan

Pali mitundu ingapo yazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zaku Japan zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipeni, kuphatikiza:

1. Chithunzi cha VG-10
2. ZOTHA-10
3. ATS-34
4. Zamgululi
5. Chithunzi cha SRS-15
6. Blue Super
7. ZDP-189

Zindikirani kuti mtundu wachitsulo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mpeni ungakhudze kulimba kwake, kuthwa kwake, ndi makhalidwe ena, ndipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazitsulo ingakhale yoyenera pa ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chodziwika bwino cha ku Japan ndi VG-10 (yomwe imatchedwanso "golide" kapena "golide wapamwamba"), yomwe ili ndi 1% carbon, 15% chromium, 1% molybdenum, 0.5% vanadium, ndi 2% cobalt.

Mitundu ina yotchuka yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha ku Japan ndi AUS-8 (8% chromium) ndi AUS-10 (10% chromium).

Palinso "chitsulo chapamwamba" chodziwika bwino, chomwe chimapangidwa ndi molybdenum, vanadium, cobalt ndi tungsten.

Chitsulo chamtunduwu chimadziwika ndi kusungirako kwapamwamba kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamipeni ya khitchini yapamwamba.

Kodi high carbon steel ndi chiyani?

Zitsulo zapamwamba za carbon zimapangidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo, manganese, ndi chromium. Amakhala ndi mpweya wambiri wa carbon kuposa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta komanso zolimba.

Mtundu wotchuka kwambiri wazitsulo za carbon dioxide zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mipeni yakukhitchini ndi SK-5 (yomwe imatchedwanso "zitsulo zoyera"). Lili ndi 0.95% carbon, 1.2% manganese, ndi 0.5% chromium.

Mipeni yachitsulo ya carbon yapamwamba imasunga bwino m'mphepete ndipo ndi yolimba kwambiri kuposa mipeni yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Amafunikiranso chisamaliro chochulukirapo kuti apewe dzimbiri, chifukwa amakhala pachiwopsezo cha chinyezi ndi zidulo.

Mitundu yazitsulo za carbon high

Pali mitundu ingapo yazitsulo zaku Japan zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mpeni, kuphatikiza:

1. Blue Steel (Aogami)
2. Chitsulo Choyera (Shirogami)
3. Chitsulo cha Yellow (Kigami)
4. AUS-8A

Zitsulo zamtundu uwu ndi zamtengo wapatali chifukwa chokhala ndi nsonga yakuthwa komanso zimafunikira chisamaliro chochulukirapo kuposa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, chifukwa zimatha kudzimbirira komanso kusinthika.

Mtundu wapadera wachitsulo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mpeni ukhoza kukhudza kuuma kwake, kusungirako m'mphepete, ndi makhalidwe ena, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazitsulo ingakhale yoyenera ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri yazitsulo za carbon dioxide ndi Aogami (yomwe imatchedwanso "blue steel") ndi Shirogami (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti "chitsulo choyera").

Pali mitundu itatu ya Shirogami, yomwe imadziwika kuti 1, 2, ndi 3. Shirogami 1 ndi yofewa kwambiri, pamene Shirogami 3 ndi yovuta kwambiri.

Aogami ili ndi 1.5% carbon, pamene Shirogami ili ndi 0.8% carbon.

Aogami amaonedwa kuti ndi chitsulo chabwino kwambiri, pamene Shirogami ndi yotsika mtengo.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha ku Japan ndi chitsulo cha carbon dioxide?

Kusiyana pakati pa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha ku Japan ndi chitsulo chokwera cha carbon chingagawidwe m'magulu atatu: kapangidwe ka mankhwala, magwiridwe antchito, ndi kukonza.

• Choyamba, mankhwala zikuchokera Japanese zosapanga dzimbiri zitsulo ndi osiyana ndi mkulu mpweya zitsulo. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa chromium, molybdenum, ndi faifi tambala, pomwe zitsulo zokhala ndi mpweya wambiri zimakhala ndi chitsulo, manganese, ndi chromium kwambiri.

• Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha ku Japan chili ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi dzimbiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuzisamalira ndi kuzisamalira. Ndibwinonso kusunga m'mphepete mwake koma osati lakuthwa ngati chitsulo cha carbon.

• Kumbali ina, zitsulo za carbon, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri ndipo zimatha kusunga nsonga zake zakuthwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Komabe, imafunikira chisamaliro chochulukirapo chifukwa cha chizolowezi chake cha dzimbiri ndi chip.

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha ku Japan ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mipeni yakukhitchini ndipo chili ndi zabwino zambiri, kuphatikiza kusachita kwa dzimbiri, kusavuta kunola, komanso kulimba kwambiri.

Komanso ndi yotsika mtengo poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina yazitsulo.

Choyipa cha chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha ku Japan ndikuti chimakonda kukhala chofewa kuposa mitundu ina yazitsulo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke komanso kuziziritsa.

High Carbon Steel ndi chinthu cholimba kwambiri kuposa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipeni yapadera kwambiri monga mipeni ya ku Japan ya sushi.

Ndiwopanda dzimbiri koma zimakhala zovuta kunola kuposa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.

Ndili ndi kalozera wathunthu wakunolera mipeni yaku Japan pano (ndi zaluso)

Mphamvu yowonjezera ya chitsulo cha carbon high imapangitsa kukhala chisankho choyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito podula ndi kudula ntchito.

Choyipa cha mtundu uwu wazitsulo ndikuti chimafuna chisamaliro chapadera ndi kusamalira, chifukwa chikhoza kuchita dzimbiri ngati sichisamalidwa bwino.

Kuonjezera apo, mipeni yachitsulo ya carbon yapamwamba imakhala yokwera mtengo kuposa yomwe imapangidwa kuchokera kuzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.

Kotero kuti tibwerezenso, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ziwirizi ndi kukhazikika kwawo.

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri sichichita dzimbiri koma ndi chofewa komanso chosalimba kuposa chitsulo cha carbon.

Chitsulo cha carbon high ndi cholimba kwambiri komanso cholimba, koma chimakhalanso ndi dzimbiri komanso dzimbiri.

Zikafika pamipeni yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri motsutsana ndi mipeni yachitsulo ya kaboni yapamwamba, zonse zikukhudza kusinthanitsa pakati pa kukana dzimbiri ndi kusunga m'mphepete.

Mipeni yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi yabwino kugwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku kukhitchini, chifukwa sichita dzimbiri kapena kuwononga mosavuta.

Koma ngati mukuyang'ana mpeni womwe udzakhala wakuthwa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti chitsulo cha carbon ndi njira yopitira.

Ndizovuta kwambiri komanso zimasunga m'mphepete bwino, koma zimakhalanso zosavuta kuchita dzimbiri komanso dzimbiri. Kotero ngati mukuyang'ana mpeni womwe udzakhala wokhalitsa, pitani pazitsulo za carbon high.

Koma ngati mukufuna chinthu chosavuta kuchisamalira, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndicho njira yabwinoko.

Kodi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zili bwino kuposa zitsulo zokhala ndi mpweya wambiri?

Yankho la funsoli likudalira zosowa zanu ndi zomwe mumakonda.

Ngati mukuyang'ana mpeni womwe ndi wosavuta kuusamalira ndi kuusamalira, ndiye kuti chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chingakhale chabwinoko.

Komabe, ngati mukufuna mpeni wokhala ndi mphamvu zapamwamba komanso kusungirako m'mphepete, ndiye kuti chitsulo cha carbon high ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri.

Mipeni yachikale ya ku Japan nthawi zambiri imapangidwa kuchokera ku zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, pomwe mipeni yamakono imapangidwa kuchokera kuzitsulo za carbon high.

Pamapeto pake, zimabwera ndi mtundu wanji wa mpeni womwe uli woyenera kwambiri pazosowa zanu komanso zomwe mumakonda.

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimapereka kusintha kwakukulu kuposa chitsulo chochepa cha carbon potengera mphamvu, kulimba, komanso, makamaka, kukana dzimbiri.

Ngati mukuyang'ana chinthu chomwe sichingawononge, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi njira yopitira.

Idapangidwa kuti iteteze ku okosijeni ndipo imakhala ndi chromium yochepera 10.5% polemera.

Chromium imeneyi imapanga chotchinga pakati pa okosijeni wa chilengedwe ndi chitsulo chomwe chili muzitsulo, zomwe zimalepheretsa kuti zisawonongeke.

Chitsulo cha carbon high, pamene chimapereka mphamvu zofananira ndi nthawi zina ngakhale kuposa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, ndizofunikira kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga.

Ndizovuta kwambiri kunola kuposa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndipo ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala panthawi yomwe mukunola kuti musawononge tsamba.

Mipeni yachitsulo ya carbon yapamwamba imafunikanso kukonzedwa pafupipafupi kuti zisachite dzimbiri.

Ndi mipeni iti ya ku Japan yomwe ili yotchuka kwambiri: chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena chitsulo cha carbon?

Mipeni yachitsulo yosapanga dzimbiri nthawi zambiri imadziwika kwambiri ku Japan chifukwa ndi yosagwira dzimbiri, kusamalidwa bwino, komanso kukwanitsa kugula.

Mutha kupeza mitundu yonse ya mipeni yazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri pamtengo wotsika kwambiri ku Japan.

Komano, mipeni yachitsulo yokwera kaboni ndiyokwera mtengo kwambiri ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri ophika ku Japan.

Mipeni ya VG-10 mwina ndi mtundu wodziwika kwambiri wa mipeni yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ku Japan ndipo nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zatsiku ndi tsiku monga kudula, kudulira, ndi kudula masamba.

Mipeni yachitsulo chokwera kwambiri nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zapadera, monga mipeni ya sushi.

Nthawi zambiri imakhala yokwera mtengo kuposa mipeni yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndipo imafunikira chisamaliro chowonjezereka ndi chisamaliro chowonjezereka chifukwa chakuchita dzimbiri.

malingaliro Final

Pomaliza, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha ku Japan komanso chitsulo chokwera kaboni ndi zida zabwino kwambiri zopangira mipeni yakukhitchini.

Mtundu wazitsulo zomwe mumasankha zimadalira bajeti yanu, zomwe mumakonda, komanso momwe mukukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito mpeni.

Ngakhale chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndichosavuta kuchisamalira komanso chotsika mtengo, chitsulo chokwera kwambiri cha kaboni chimakhala chakuthwa kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo chizikhala choyenera kwa omwe akufuna kudula.

Pamapeto pake, chisankho chili ndi inu!

Werengani zotsatirazi: awa ndi mipeni yabwino kwambiri ya AUS 10 yaku Japan (yolimba kwambiri yokhala ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha kaboni)

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Joost Nusselder, yemwe anayambitsa Bite My Bun ndi wotsatsa, bambo ndipo amakonda kuyesa chakudya chatsopano ndi zakudya zaku Japan pamtima pa chilakolako chake, ndipo limodzi ndi gulu lake akhala akupanga zolemba zakuya za blog kuyambira 2016 kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi maphikidwe ndi nsonga zophika.