Krill: Vhura iyo Taxonomy, Ecology, uye Mashandisiro

Author: Joost Nusselder, munyori weThe Essential Japanese meal planner cookbook Yakagadziridzwa Nyamavhuvhu 25, 2022

Krill idiki, asi chikamu chakakosha cheiyo ecosystem. Iwo zvakare sosi yakakura ye omega-3 fatty acids, uye vanhu vanoadya zvakare.

Krill madiki crustaceans anowanikwa mumakungwa ese epasi. Huwandu hwevanhu vakakura kwazvo hunowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kwegungwa reAntarctica, uko vanogona kusvika kumatani emamiriyoni mazana mashanu. Ivo zvakare bioluminescent, zvichireva kuti vanogona kuburitsa chiedza.

Muchinyorwa chino, ini ndichakuudza zvese nezve krill, basa ravo mune ecosystem, uye kuti vanokohwewa sei.

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Chii chiri Munyika Krill?

Krill ishoko rechiNorwegian rinoreva kuti "hove diki," izvo zvinonzi zvakakonzerwa nekuti krill madiki crustaceans anowanikwa mugungwa.

Mhando dzeKrill

Kune anopfuura makumi masere emarudzi ekrill, asi inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeyeAntarctic krill (Euphausia superba). Dzimwe mhando dzekrill dzinogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasi, dzakadai seblack krill ( Thysanoessa longipes) inowanikwa muPacific Ocean uye bamboo krill ( Euphausia pacifica) inowanikwa mumvura dzakatenderedza Rhode Island.

Iko Krill Inowanikwa

Krill inowanikwa mumakungwa ese epasirese, asi huwandu hwevanhu hunowanikwa muSouthern Ocean kutenderera Antarctica.

Basa reKrill muEcosystem

Krill chikamu chakakosha chechikafu chegungwa, chinoshanda sechikafu chemhuka zhinji dzemugungwa, kusanganisira whale, zvisimbiso, penguin, uye hove.

Krill Mumitauro Yakasiyana

Shoko rokuti "krill" rinoshandiswa mumitauro yakawanda, kusanganisira Afrikaans, Arabic, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Chinese, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Georgian, German, Hebrew, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Kazakh, Korean, Latvian, Lithuanian, Norwegian, Occitan, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Turkish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese, and Welsh. MuchiSerbian, yakanyorwa se "srpskisrpskohrvatski."

Chokwadi Chisina kujairika Nezve Krill

• Krill inogona kukura kusvika masendimita matanhatu kureba.
• Krill ndeye bioluminescent, zvichireva kuti vanogona kuburitsa chiedza.
• Krill ma filter feeders, vachishandisa makumbo avo kusefa tupukanana kubva mumvura.
• Krill ishoma sosi ye omega-3 fatty acids, iyo yakakosha kune hutano hwevanhu.
• Krill dzimwe nguva inodaidzwa kuti "mombe dzemugungwa" nekuda kwekuwanda uye kukosha kwavo mucheni yechikafu.

Chii Chinoita Kuti Krill Ibudirire?

Krill inobudirira mumvura inotonhora, ine michero yakawanda. Iwo akanyanya kuwanda munzvimbo dzine kukwira, kunova kufamba kwemvura inotonhora, ine kudya kunovaka muviri kubva munyanza yakadzika kuenda pamusoro.

Basa reKrill muhupenyu hweMunhu

Krill inoshandiswa mune dzimwe nyika sechikafu chevanhu, asi inowanzoshandiswa sechikafu chemhuka. Krill oiri inoshandiswawo sechikafu chekuwedzera nekuda kwekuwanda kwayo kwe omega-3 fatty acids.

Chii MuZita? Iyo Taxonomy yeKrill

Krill, iwo madiki crustaceans anoitika mumakungwa pasi rose, anozivikanwa nenhamba yemazita akasiyana. MuJapan, somuenzaniso, vanonzi okiami, nepo muRussia vachizivikanwa sekril. Asi pasinei nezvavanodanwa nazvo, krill manyuko anokosha ezvokudya zvemhuka dzakawanda, kusanganisira hove, whale, uye penguin. Muchokwadi, zvinofungidzirwa kuti mhando hombe dzekrill, Euphausia superba, inogona kuitika munhamba inosvika 500 miriyoni matani muSouthern Ocean chete.

Tauro

Krill ndeyekurongeka Euphausiacea, iyo inosanganisira akati wandei emhuri dzakasiyana uye genera. Iwo maviri magenera makuru ekrill ndiEuphausia neThysanoessa, neEuphausia iri hombe uye inowanzowanikwa. Mukati meiyi genera, mune akati wandei emhando dzakasiyana siyana, kusanganisira Euphausia superba, inova ndiyo mhando inowanzobatanidzwa nekrill kubata hove.

Nhengo dzepanyama

Krill madiki makorustasiya, anowanzo kuyera pakati pe1 uye 6 masendimita pakureba. Vane muviri wakareba, mutete une gumbo rechipfuva uye makumbo akawanda akabatanidzwa pachipfuva chavo. Krill vanokwanisa kusefa chikafu pazvimedu zvidiki zvechikafu, kusanganisira phytoplankton nedzimwe mhuka diki, uye vanozivikanwa nemeso avo akaumbwa zvakanyanya.

Kugovera uye Habitat

Krill inoitika mumakungwa pasi rose, iine huwandu hukuru hunowanikwa muSouthern Ocean kutenderera Antarctica. Anowanikwawo muPacific neAtlantic Oceans, uyewo mumvura dzakapoteredza Japan nedzimwe nzvimbo. Krill vanokwanisa kugara pakadzika kusvika 1,000 metres, kunyangwe ivo vachinyanya kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzepamusoro dzegungwa.

Kukohwa uye Kuchengetedza

Krill yakakohwewa chikafu uye zvimwe zvinangwa kwemakore mazhinji, neSoviet Union neRussia dziri nyika huru dzekuredza krill pasirese. Nhasi, krill inokohwewa nekuda kwezvinangwa zvakasiyana, zvinosanganisira sechikafu chevanhu nemhuka, pamwe nekugadzirwa kwemafuta ekrill, inova yakakurumbira chikafu chekuwedzera. Nekudaro, pane kutyira nezve kukanganisa kwekukohwewa kwekrill pane zvakatipoteredza, uye akati wandei ekuchengetedza uye ekuyedza mashandiro akatangwa kukurudzira maitiro ekukohwa krill.

Ecology yeKrill: Vadiki asi Vane Simba Vatambi muOcean's Chikafu Chain

Krill vakasiyana mukukwanisa kwavo kushandura yakawanda kabhoni kubva kuphytoplankton kuita fomu inogona kudyiwa nedzimwe mhuka. Vanoita izvi nekushingairira kudya phytoplankton nezvimwe zvidiki diki, vachizvisefa kuburikidza nemhando yavo yakanaka, yakaita sebvudzi inonzi setae. Kuita uku kunozivikanwa se“pombi yebiological,” uye inoita basa guru mukutenderera kwekabhoni yemugungwa. Krill zvakare anoshingairira kutakura yakanyungudika organic kabhoni kubva kumusoro kuenda kumvura yakadzika, uko inogona kudyiwa nezvimwe zvipenyu.

Iwo Emuviri Hunhu uye Kugoverwa kweKrill

Krill anowanzo kuwanikwa mumapoka makuru, kana mapoka, anogona kuve nemamiriyoni evanhu. Ivo vakagadziridzwa munyama kuti vararame munzvimbo ine hutsinye yeAntarctic, iine yakasarudzika seti yezvimiro zvinovatendera kuti vabudirire mumvura inotonhora, ine rima. Aya maficha anosanganisira maziso makuru akasanganiswa anogona kuona zvese zvichena uye zvitema zvinhu, uye inotenderera inovabvumira kusefa kunze kwezvimwe zvinhu kubva mumvura. Krill vanokwanisa zvakare kusimuka kusimuka kuburikidza nekoramu yemvura, zvichienderana nekuwanikwa kwechikafu uye nemamiriro ekunze akakodzera.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzeKrill uye Morphology Yadzo

Kune anopfuura makumi masere neshanu emarudzi ekrill, ayo akaiswa mune superorder Eucarida uye mhuri Euphausiidae. Mhando yakajairika yekrill ndeye Euphausia superba, inowanikwa muSouthern Ocean. Mamwe marudzi anosanganisira Bentheuphausia amblyops, Thyanoessa inermis, uye Nemato-brachion boops. Krill ine yakasarudzika morphology inosanganisira muviri wakakamukana, maviri maviri ee antennae, uye refu, muswe mutete. Ivo vanozivikanwa zvakare nekupenya kwavo, kupenya kwemavara, izvo zvinovabatsira kuti vasanganise nekwavanogara.

Mhedzisiro yeKrill paOcean's Chikafu Webhu uye Tsvagiridzo paKrill Consumption

Krill inzvimbo yakakosha yechikafu kumhuka zhinji dziri mugungwa, uye shanduko muhuwandu hwadzo inogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakakura pawebhu yekudya. Tsvagiridzo yakaratidza kuti kudyiwa kwekrill nemhuka hombe dzakadai sehove kunogona kukanganiswa neshanduko mukuwanikwa kwekrill, zvichikonzera shanduko kune yese ecosystem. Pasinei nekukosha kwavo, krill ichiri kushoma uye isinganzwisisike. Kumwe kutsvagurudza kunodiwa kuti unzwisise zvizere basa rinoitwa nekrill mumhepo yegungwa uye kuti inogona kuchengetedzwa zvirinani.

Kubva kuOcean kuenda kuPlate: Krill muKitchen

Krill ndiyo chaiyo inosanganisa mune mamwe madhishi, kunyanya muAsia cuisine. Heino mimwe mienzaniso:

• Krill soup: Muto unozivikanwa muKorea wakagadzirwa nekrill yakaomeswa, miriwo, uye mwaka.
• Shrimp uye krill Dumplings: Dim sum dish muChina yakagadzirwa ne shrimp, krill, nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa.
• Krill fried rice: Chikafu chiri nyore asi chinonaka chakagadzirwa nemupunga, krill, nemiriwo.
• Bagoong paste: Chikafu chekuPhilippine chinoshandisa krill mune yakakosha paste inonaka madhishi mazhinji.

Krill seChikafu cheZvirimwa neMhuka

Krill haingoshandiswe mukubika chete, asiwo chikafu chakakosha chemhuka nezvirimwa zvakawanda. Heino mimwe mienzaniso:

• Whales uye baleen whales: Mhuka idzi dzinodya krill kuti dzirarame.
• Upenyu hwemugungwa: Zvisikwa zvakawanda zvemugungwa, senge penguin, seal, uye squid, zvinoenderana nekrill sechikafu.
• Zvirimwa: Krill inoshandiswawo sefetireza yezvirimwa nekuti ine nitrogen uye carbon dioxide yakawanda.

Krill Iine Hutano Yekuwedzera kune Kudya Kwako?

Zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvakaratidza kuti mafuta ekrill anogona kuita zvakanaka pahutano. Imwe yetsvagiridzo yakawana:

• Mafuta eKrill anogona kubatsira kuderedza zviratidzo zvekurwadziwa uye kuzvimba, kusanganisira kurwadziwa kwemajoini uye kurwadziwa kwekuenda kumwedzi.
• Krill mafuta inogona kubatsira kuderedza mazinga e triglycerides, ari rudzi rwemafuta anogona kuwedzera njodzi yechirwere chemoyo.
• Krill mafuta inogona kubatsira kuvandudza kushanda kwehuropi uye kuderedza zviratidzo zvekuora mwoyo uye kusagadzikana.

Mafuta eKrill anofananidzwa sei neHove Oiri

Krill oiri nemafuta ehove ese ari maviri masosi e omega-3 fatty acids, asi pane mimwe misiyano yakakosha pakati pezviviri izvi. Krill mafuta:

• Iine mazinga epamusoro eEPA neDHA muchimiro chinotorwa nyore nyore nemuviri.
• Iine phospholipids, iyo isingawanikwe mumafuta ehove.
• Kashoma kukonzeresa mhedzisiro yakaipa, senge hove burps kana nyaya dzekugaya.

Kukosha Kwekusarudza Yemhando yepamusoro Krill Oiri

Haasi ese ekrill oiri ekuwedzera anogadzirwa akaenzana. Paunosarudza krill mafuta ekuwedzera, zvakakosha kutarisa:

• Kuwanda kweEPA neDHA.
• Kuwanda kwehuwandu hwe phospholipids.
• Chiwedzerwa chakaongororwa kuchena uye kusvibiswa.

Zvinogoneka Negative Mhedzisiro yeKrill Oiri

Nepo mafuta ekrill achiwanzoonekwa akachengeteka, pane zvimwe zvingangove zvakashata zvinofanirwa kuziva:

• Oiri yekrill inogona kuwedzera njodzi yekubuda ropa, kunyanya kana yakatorwa pamwe chete nemishonga inoderedza ropa.
• Mafuta eKrill anogona kukonzera nyaya dzekugaya, senge manyoka kana kugumbuka mudumbu.
• Krill mafuta inogona kudhura kana ichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvinowedzera.

Maitiro Ekubatanidza Krill Oiri muKudya Kwako

Krill oiri yekuwedzera inotengeswa nenzira dzakasiyana siyana, kusanganisira capsules uye mvura. Ivo vanogona kuwanikwa muzvitoro zvekudya zvehutano uye online. Krill mafuta anogonawo kuwanikwa mune zvimwe zvikafu zvakagadzirirwa, senge simba mabara uye zviri nyore zvekudya.

Kana iwe uchida kuwedzera imwe krill pakudya kwako, unogona zvakare kuedza:

• Kudya zvimwe zvekudya zvemugungwa, senge shrimp kana gakanje.
• Kutevera kudya kunosanganisira zvakasiyana-siyana zvechisikigo, zvokudya zvakakwana.
• Kutora yemhando yepamusoro krill oiri yekuwedzera.

Krill: Chokwadi Chinonakidza Chawaisaziva

• Izwi rekuti "krill" rinobva pashoko rechiNorwegian "krill" rinoreva "hove diki".
• Mune mimwe mitauro, krill inonzi "Euphausiacea", iro rinobva pashoko rechiGiriki rokuti "eu" rinoreva "zvakanaka" uye "phausis" zvinoreva "chiedza", zvichireva muviri webioluminescent wemhuka.

Krill Zvisikwa uye Kuumbwa

• Krill inoumbwa nemhando dzinoverengeka, dzemhuri Euphausiidae.
• Mhando huru yekrill inonzi Bentheuphausia amblyops uye inogona kuyera kusvika masendimita matanhatu pakureba.
• Krill imhando yecrustacean uye inowirirana zvakanyanya ne shrimp uye lobster.

Kukosha kwaKrill muOcean

• Krill chinhu chakakosha muwebhu chikafu chemugungwa, sezvo chiri chitubu chikuru chekudya kwemhuka zhinji, kusanganisira whale, zvisimbiso, penguin, uye shiri.
• Pasinei nehukuru hwayo, krill inowanikwa mumapoka makuru uye inogona kunge iri imwe yemhuka dzakawanda kwazvo paPasi, nekumwe kufungidzira kunoisa huwandu hwevanhu mumabhiriyoni.
• Krill yakakoshawo kune zvirimwa zvemugungwa, sezvo iri hombe tsime resimbi inovaka muviri.

Krill's Distinctive Features

• Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kusiyanisa zvekrill muviri wayo webioluminescent, unogona kuburitsa chiedza mukupindura kune mamwe maitiro.
• Krill zvakare ine nguva yekuzvitakura yemazuva mashoma, inova imwe yeipfupi pane chero mhuka.
• Krill inogona kuwanikwa mumvura yese yemahombekombe uye yakadzika, zvichiita kuti ive mhuka inoshanda zvakasiyana.

Basa raKrill muKushandura Mamiriro ekunze neHabitat

• Krill inzvimbo inotyisa uye nzvimbo yekugara, sezvo ichinyanya kutsamira pakuvapo kweaizi yegungwa kwekugara kwayo.
• Krill anogara achitama ari mapoka makuru, achifamba zvakadzika mukati memasikati uye asina kudzika usiku, inova maitiro anozivikanwa sediel vertical migration.
• Krill zvakare yakakosha chikafu chevanhu, sezvo iri omnivore uye inogona kudya zvakasiyana siyana zvekudya.

mhedziso

Krill idiki, mhuka dzakaita secrustacean dzinowanikwa mumakungwa epasi. Iwo chikamu chakakosha cheecosystem uye chikafu chemhuka zhinji dzemugungwa, kusanganisira whale nemapenguin. Iwe haugone kuvanzvenga, saka ingofara kuti varipo!

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Joost Nusselder, muvambi weBite My Bun mushambadzi wemukati, baba uye vanofarira kuyedza chikafu chitsva nechikafu cheJapan pamoyo pechishuwo chake, uye pamwe chete nechikwata chake anga achigadzira zvakadzama blog zvinyorwa kubvira 2016 kubatsira vakavimbika vaverengi nemaresipi uye matipi ekubika.