Meshi: Zvinorevei MuchiJapani?

Author: Joost Nusselder, munyori weThe Essential Japanese meal planner cookbook Yakagadziriswa Nyamavhuvhu 26, 2022

MuchiJapan, meshi zvinoreva “kudya.” Iri izwi rinowanzo shandiswa mumhando dzese dzemamiriro ezvinhu, kubva kune mumwe munhu achitaura nezvezvaaive nekudya kwemasikati kusvika kune shefu achitsanangura chikafu chavari kugadzirira.

Zvakanyanya, meshi zvinoreva chikafu chiri nyore, chikafu chinobikwa kana kubikwa kusvika mvura yese yabva pakubikwa, sekunge rice, zviyo, kana gorosi. Nekuti zvinenge zvese zvikafu zvichange zvine chimwe chezvinhu izvi, meshi inenge yakafanana nekudya.

Meshi zvakare chimwe chezvishandiso zvemaki sushi, mupunga wemukati wemupumburu. Kana meshi inogadzirwa ne sushi vhiniga uye shuga, inonzi sumeshi kana sushi meshi.

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Meshi inorevei?

MuchiJapan, meshi ya zvinoreva "imba yekudyira." Zvitoro zvemupunga zvakajairika muJapan uye zvinonyanya kutengesa mupunga. Vanowanzo tengesawo zvimwe zvakasara sehupfu nebhinzi, asi chokwadi chemeshi ya iresitorendi inopa chikafu chiri nyore.

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pemeshi negohan?

Zvose meshi uye gohan anogona kureva mupunga wakabikwa (mupunga usina kubikwa uri kome), asi meshi inogona kureva chero chikafu chiri nyore chakabikwa, gohan inogona kungoreva mupunga wakabikwa kana dhishi rine mupunga wakabikwa.

Zvokudya zvakawanda zveJapan zvakabika mupunga saka zvinogona kuita senge zviri kushandiswa zvakasiyana, asi hazvisi zvachose.

Zvinoreva Zvakawanda zveMeshi: Kuongorora Izwi reMupunga muchiJapan

Meshi (飯) ishoko rechiJapan rinoreva mupunga, uye rakanyorwa richishandiswa mabhii kanji ekuti “chikafu” uye “mupunga.” Iri izwi rekutanga uye rinowanzoshandiswa muchiJapan, uye rinogona kureva mupunga wakabikwa uye usina kubikwa. Hezvino zvinhu zvishoma zvekuchengeta mupfungwa kana uchitaura nezve meshi:

• Meshi ishoko chairo remupunga wakabikwa uye wagadzirira kudyiwa, nepo kome (米) ichireva mupunga usina kubikwa.
• Gohan (ご 飯) inzira yakajairika uye yakajairika yekureva mupunga wakabikwa, uye unowanzoshandiswa mumamiriro emazuva ese.
• O-kome (お米) inzira ine hunhu yekureva mupunga usina kubikwa, uye inowanzoshandiswa pakutenga mupunga muchitoro kana kutaura nezvechigadzirwa chacho munzvimbo dzakarongwa.

Meshi Inoshandiswa Sei muchiJapan?

Meshi ishoko rinoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana rinogona kusanganiswa nemamwe mazwi kugadzira makomisheni anoreva mhando dzendiro dzemupunga kana chikafu. Heino mienzaniso mishoma:

• Curry meshi: Mupunga wakazara neJapan-style curry
• Katsu-meshi: Mupunga wakazara nechingwa uye yakakangwa yenguruve cutlet
• Tekka-meshi: Mupunga wakazara ne tuna mbishi sashimi

Maitiro Ekurangarira Akasiyana Mafomu eMeshi

Kune mutauriri wekutanga wechiJapan, zvinogona kuvhiringidza zvishoma kurangarira marudzi ese akasiyana emeshi. Heano matipi mashoma ekukubatsira kuti urambe wakatwasuka:

• Rangarira kuti meshi inoreva mupunga wakabikwa, nepo kome ichireva mupunga usina kubikwa.
• Gohan inzira yakajairika yekureva mupunga wakabikwa, uye inowanzoshandiswa mumamiriro ezuva nezuva.
• O-kome inzira ine hunhu yekutaura nezvemupunga usina kubikwa, uye inowanzoshandiswa pakutenga mupunga muchitoro kana kutaura nezvechigadzirwa chacho nenzira yakarongwa.
• Kana uchiwedzera mamwe mazwi kune meshi kugadzira makomisheni, rangarira kuti chikamu chekutanga chezwi chinowanzo tsanangura icho chikuru chinongedzo kana kuravira kwendiro. Semuenzaniso, curry meshi mupunga wakaiswa muto wecurry.

Kushandiswa kwakajairika kweMeshi muJapan Cuisine

Mupunga ndicho chikafu chikuru muJapan, uye meshi chikamu chinokosha chezvokudya zvechivanhu zvakawanda. Heano mashoma ezvikafu zvakakurumbira uye mashandisirwo emeshi mukati Chikafu cheJapan:

• Sushi: Mupunga wevhiniga wakaiswa hove mbishi kana zvimwe zvinhu
• Donburi: Ndiro yemupunga wakaiswa zvinhu zvakasiyana siyana, se tempura kana nyama yemombe
• Bento: Bhokisi rekudya kwemasikati rinowanzobatanidza chikamu chemupunga, pamwe chete nezvimwe ndiro zvakadai senyama kana miriwo
• Mochi: Makeke emupunga anonamira anowanzo kudyiwa panguva yezororo reGore Idzva
• Soy muto: Muto wakajairika wendiro dzemupunga unogadzirwa nesoya beans uye gorosi

Nguva Yekushandisa Meshi mumitsara yechiJapan

Meshi ishoko rakapfava uye rakatwasuka rinogona kushandiswa mumamiriro akasiyana siyana. Heano mimwe mienzaniso yenguva yaungashandisa meshi mumutsara:

• "Watashi wa meshi ga tabetai desu." (Ndinoda kudya mupunga.)
• "Kore wa oishii meshi desu." (Uyu mupunga unonaka.)
• "Meshi wo tsukutte kudasai." (Ndokumbira ubike mupunga.)
• "Kono meshi watakai desu." (Mupunga uyu unodhura.)

Nei Meshi Yakakosha Kuziva

Kana uri kuronga kushanyira kana kugara muJapan, kuziva shoko remupunga kwakakosha. Hezvino zvikonzero zvishoma nei:

• Mupunga ndicho chikafu chikuru muJapan, uye unowanikwa mundiro dzakawanda nekudya.
• Meshi ishoko rinowanzo shandiswa muchiJapan, uye unogona kurinzwa mukutaura kana kuriona pamamenu.
• Kunzwisisa mhando dzakasiyana dzemeshi kunogona kukubatsira kuodha mhando chaiyo yemupunga paunenge uchidya kunze kana kutenga mupunga muchitoro.
• Meshi chikamu chakakosha chetsika netsika dzechiJapan, senge mochitsuki (kurova mupunga kugadzira mochi) uye o-sechi ryori (ndiro dzeGore Idzva dzechinyakare).

Mukupedzisa, meshi inogona kunzwika sezwi riri nyore, asi ine akawanda akasiyana mafomu uye mashandisiro muchiJapan. Kunyangwe iwe uri mutauri mutsva wechiJapani kana nyanzvi ane ruzivo, kunzwisisa nuances yemeshi kunogona kukubatsira kufamba nyore chikafu chenyika uye tsika.

mhedziso

Saka, meshi zvinoreva "mupunga" muchiJapan. Iri izwi rakasiyana-siyana rinogona kushandiswa mumamiriro mazhinji. 

Zvakakosha kuziva izwi kana uri kushanyira nyika, kana kuti unogona kupedzisira waraira zvisiri izvo. Saka, usatya kubvunza kuti "Meshi inorevei muchiJapan?" 

Unogona kugara uchiGoogle!

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Joost Nusselder, muvambi weBite My Bun mushambadzi wemukati, baba uye vanofarira kuyedza chikafu chitsva nechikafu cheJapan pamoyo pechishuwo chake, uye pamwe chete nechikwata chake anga achigadzira zvakadzama blog zvinyorwa kubvira 2016 kubatsira vakavimbika vaverengi nemaresipi uye matipi ekubika.