Krill: Tyhila iTaxonomy, iEcology, kunye nokuSetyenziswa

umbhali: Joost Nusselder, umbhali we-Essential Japanese meal planner cookbook cookbook Ukuhlaziywa kweSeptemba 25, 2022

Iikrill zincinci kakhulu, kodwa ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-ecosystem. Zikwangumthombo omkhulu we-omega-3 fatty acids, kwaye abantu bayawatya nabo.

IKrill ziicrustaceans ezincinci ezifumaneka kuzo zonke iilwandlekazi zehlabathi. Abona bantu baninzi bafumaneka kulwandle olusemazantsi e-Antarctica, apho banokufikelela kwi-500 yezigidi zeetoni. Zikwayi-bioluminescent, okuthetha ukuba banokuvelisa ukukhanya.

Kweli nqaku, ndiza kukuxelela konke malunga nekrill, indima yabo kwi-ecosystem, kunye nendlela evunwa ngayo.

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Yintoni e-Krill ehlabathini?

I-Krill ligama lesiNorway elithetha "intlanzi encinci eqhotsiweyo," okubangelwa kukuba ikrill ziicrustaceans ezincinci ezifumaneka elwandle.

Iintlobo zeKrill

Kukho phezu 80 iintlobo krill, kodwa eyona ixhaphakileyo krill Antarctic (Euphausia superba). Ezinye iintlobo zekrill zifumaneka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi, njenge krill emnyama ( Thysanoessa longipes ) efumaneka kuLwandlekazi lwePasifiki kunye ne-bamboo krill ( Euphausia pacifica ) efumaneka emanzini ajikeleze iRhode Island.

Apho iKrill ifumaneka khona

I-Krill ifumaneka kuzo zonke iilwandle zehlabathi, kodwa abona bantu baninzi bafumaneka kuLwandlekazi oluMazantsi malunga ne-Antarctica.

Indima kaKrill kwi-Ecosystem

I-Krill yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yekhonkco lokutya kolwandle, isebenza njengomthombo wokutya kwizilwanyana ezininzi zaselwandle, kuquka iminenga, itywina, iipenguin kunye neentlanzi.

Krill ngeelwimi ezahlukeneyo

Igama elithi “krill” lisetyenziswa kwiilwimi ezininzi, kuquka isiBhulu, isiArabhu, isiBelarusian, isiBulgaria, isiCatalan, isiTshayina, isiCzech, isiDanish, isiDatshi, isiGeorgia, isiJamani, isiHebhere, isi-Icelandic, isi-Indonesia, isiTaliyane, isiJapan, isiKazakh, isiKorea, isiLatvian, IsiLithuanian, isiNorway, isiOccitan, isiPolish, isiPhuthukezi, isiRomania, isiRashiya, isiSerbia, isiSlovak, isiSlovenia, iSpanish, isiSwedish, isiTagalog, isiTurkey, isiUkraine, isiVietnamese, nesiWelsh. NgesiSerbia, kubhalwe ngokuthi "srpskisrpskohrvatski."

Iinyani ezingaqhelekanga malunga ne-Krill

• I-Krill inokukhula ifikelele kwi-6 yeesentimitha ubude.
• I-krill zi-bioluminescent, oku kuthetha ukuba zinokuvelisa ukukhanya.
• I-Krill zizihluzi zokucoca, zisebenzisa imilenze yazo ukuhluza izilwanyana ezincinci emanzini.
• I-krill ngumthombo onqabileyo we-omega-3 fatty acids, ebalulekileyo kwimpilo yabantu.
• Ngamanye amaxesha iiKrill zibizwa ngokuba "ziinkomo zolwandle" ngenxa yobuninzi kunye nokubaluleka kwazo kwikhonkco lokutya.

Yintoni ebangela ukuba iKrill iphumelele?

I-Krill ikhula kakuhle kumanzi abandayo, anezondlo ezininzi. Zininzi kakhulu kwiindawo apho kukho ukunyuka, oku kukuhamba kwamanzi abandayo, atyebileyo ngezondlo ukusuka kulwandle olunzulu ukuya phezulu.

Indima kaKrill kuBomi boMntu

I-krill isetyenziswa kwamanye amazwe njengomthombo wokutya ebantwini, kodwa isetyenziswa kakhulu njengomthombo wokutya wezilwanyana. Ioli yeKrill ikwasetyenziswa njengesongezelelo sokutya ngenxa yokuxinana kwayo okuphezulu kwe-omega-3 fatty acids.

Yintoni eGameni? ITaxonomy yeKrill

I-Krill, ezo crustaceans ezincinci ezenzeka kwiilwandle kwihlabathi liphela, zaziwa ngamagama ahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, eJapan zibizwa ngokuba yi-okami, ngoxa eRashiya zaziwa ngokuba yikril. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuba zibizwa ngantoni, ikrill ingumthombo obalulekileyo wokutya kwezilwanyana ezininzi, kuquka iintlanzi, iminenga noonombombiya. Enyanisweni, kuqikelelwa ukuba olona didi lukhulu lwekrill, i-Euphausia superba, lunokwenzeka ngamanani afikelela kwi-500 yezigidi zeetoni kuLwandlekazi oluMazantsi kuphela.

Uqoqosho

I-Krill yeyomyalelo we-Euphausiacea, ebandakanya inani leentsapho ezahlukeneyo kunye negenera. Ezona ntlobo ziphambili zekrill yi-Euphausia kunye ne-Thysanoessa, kunye ne-Euphausia yeyona inkulu kwaye ifumaneka kakhulu. Ngaphakathi kwezi genera, kukho inani leentlobo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka i-Euphausia superba, eyona ntlobo ixhaphake ukunxulunyaniswa nemisebenzi yokuloba ikrill.

Ubume beMpawu

I-krill ngamakhrastasiya amancinci, aqheleke phakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-6 yeesentimitha ubude. Banomzimba omde, obhityileyo kunye ne-thoracic exoskeleton kunye nenani lemilenze eqhotyoshelwe kwi-thorax yabo. I-Krill iyakwazi ukuhluza ukutya kumasuntswana amancinci okutya, kubandakanya i-phytoplankton kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezincinci, kwaye ziyaziwa ngamehlo azo aphuhliswe kakhulu.

Ukusasazwa kunye neNdawo yokuhlala

IKrill yenzeka kwiilwandle kwihlabathi liphela, abona bantu baninzi bafumaneka kuLwandlekazi oluMazantsi malunga ne-Antarctica. Zikwafumaneka kuLwandlekazi lwePasifiki nolweAtlantiki, kwakunye nakumanzi ajikeleze iJapan nakweminye imimandla. I-Krill iyakwazi ukuhlala kubunzulu obufikelela kwi-1,000 yeemitha, nangona ixhaphake ngokufumaneka kumaleko angaphezulu olwandle.

Ukuvunwa noLondolozo

I-Krill ivunelwe ukutya kunye nezinye iinjongo iminyaka emininzi, kunye neSoviet Union kunye neRashiya ibe yizizwe ezinkulu zokuloba i-krill emhlabeni. Namhlanje, iikrill zivunwa ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa njengomthombo wokutya kwabantu nezilwanyana, kunye nokuveliswa kweoli yekrill, eyongezelelweyo yokutya okudumileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iinkxalabo malunga nefuthe lokuvuna ikrill kokusingqongileyo, kwaye inani lemisebenzi yolondolozo kunye novavanyo luqalisiwe ukukhuthaza izenzo ezizinzileyo zokuvuna ikrill.

I-Ecology ye-Krill: Abadlali abaNcinci kodwa abanamandla kwikhonkco lokutya loLwandle

I-Krill yahlukile ekukwazini ukuguqula izixa ezikhulu zekhabhoni kwi-phytoplankton zibe yimo enokutyiwa zezinye izilwanyana. Bakwenza oku ngokuthatha ngokukhutheleyo iphytoplankton kunye namanye amasuntswana amancinane, bewahluza ngokusebenzisa izinto zabo ezicolekileyo, ezifana neenwele ezibizwa ngokuba yi-setae. Le nkqubo yaziwa ngokuba “yimpompo yebhayoloji,” kwaye idlala indima ephambili kumjikelo wekhabhoni wolwandle. I-Krill ikwahambisa ngenkuthalo ikhabhoni enyityilisiweyo ukusuka phezulu ukuya kumanzi anzulu, apho inokutyiwa zezinye izinto eziphilayo.

Iimpawu zoMzimba kunye noSasazo lweKrill

I-krill idla ngokufumaneka kumaqela amakhulu, okanye ibubu, elinokuqulatha izigidi zabantu. Baziqhelanise nomzimba ukuze baphile kwindawo enzima ye-Antarctic, kunye neseti ekhethekileyo yeempawu ezibavumela ukuba baphumelele kumanzi abandayo, amnyama. Ezi mpawu ziquka amehlo amakhulu ahlangeneyo anokubona zombini izinto ezimhlophe nezimnyama, kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza evumela ukuba bahluze izinto ezithile emanzini. I-Krill nayo iyakwazi ukufuduka ngokuthe nkqo kwikholamu yamanzi, kuxhomekeke kubukho bokutya kunye neemeko ezifanelekileyo zokusingqongileyo.

Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeKrill kunye neMorphology yazo

Kukho ngaphezu kwe-85 iintlobo zekrill, ezibekwe kwi-superorder Eucarida kunye nosapho lwe-Euphausiidae. Olona didi luxhaphakileyo lwekrill yi-Euphausia superba, efumaneka kuLwandlekazi oluMazantsi. Ezinye iintlobo ziquka i-Bentheuphausia amblyops, i-Thysanoessa inermis, kunye ne-Nemato-brachion boops. I-Krill ine-morphology ekhethekileyo equka umzimba ocandekileyo, izibini ezimbini ze-eriyali, kunye nomsila omde, obhityileyo. Zikwadume ngombala wazo oqaqambileyo, oguquguqukayo, ozinceda ukuba zihlangane nendawo ezingqongileyo.

Impembelelo yeKrill kwiWebhu yoKutya koLwandle kunye noPhando ngokuSetyenziswa kweKrill

I-krill ngumthombo obalulekileyo wokutya kwizilwanyana ezininzi elwandle, kwaye utshintsho kuluntu lwazo lunokuba nefuthe elibalulekileyo kwiwebhu yokutya. Uphando lubonise ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwekrill zizilwanyana ezinkulu ezifana neentlanzi kunokuchatshazelwa lutshintsho ekufumanekeni kwekrill, okukhokelela kutshintsho kwi-ecosystem yonke. Ngaphandle kokubaluleka kwazo, iikrill zinqabile kwaye aziqondwa kakuhle. Uphando olongezelelweyo luyafuneka ukuze uqonde ngokupheleleyo indima edlalwa yikrill kwi-ikhosistim yolwandle kunye nendlela enokukhusela ngcono ngayo.

Ukusuka eLwandle ukuya kwiPlate: Krill eKitchen

I-Krill sesona sithako siphambili kwezinye izitya, ngakumbi kwi-Asian cuisine. Nantsi eminye imizekelo:

• Isuphu yeKrill: Isuphu edumileyo eKorea eyenziwe ngekrill eyomileyo, imifuno, kunye nezinongo.
• I-Shrimp kunye ne-krill dumplings: Isitya se-dim sum e-China esenziwe nge-shrimp, i-krill, kunye nezinye izithako.
• I-Rill fried rice: Isitya esilula kodwa sinencasa esenziwe ngerayisi, ikrill, kunye nemifuno.
• Intlama yeBagoong: Ukutya kweFilipino kusebenzisa ikrill kwintlama ekhethekileyo enencasa izitya ezininzi.

Krill njengesondlo seZityalo kunye neZilwanyana

I-krill ayisetyenziswanga kuphela ekuphekeni kodwa ikwangumthombo wokutya oyimfuneko kwizilwanyana ezininzi kunye nezityalo. Nantsi eminye imizekelo:

• Iminenga kunye neminenga ye-baleen: Ezi zilwanyana zitya i-krill ukuze ziphile.
• Ubomi baselwandle: Izidalwa ezininzi zaselwandle, njengoonombombiya, iintini, nesquid, zixhomekeke kwikrill njengomthombo wokutya.
• Izityalo: I<em>krill ikwasetyenziswa njengesichumiso sezityalo kuba inenitrogen ne<em>carbon dioxide eninzi.

Ngaba iKrill yongezwa okunempilo ekutyeni kwakho?

Izifundo ezininzi zibonise ukuba ioli yekrill ingaba nefuthe elihle kwimpilo. Olunye lophando lufumene:

• Ioli ye-krill inokunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu zentlungu kunye nokudumba, kuquka iintlungu ezidibeneyo kunye neentlungu zokuya exesheni.
• Ioli yeKrill inokunceda ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-triglycerides, luhlobo lwamafutha anokunyusa umngcipheko wesifo senhliziyo.
• Ioli ye-krill inokunceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kwengqondo kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu zokudakumba kunye nokuxhalaba.

Njani iOli yeKrill ithelekiswa neOli yeentlanzi

Ioyile yekrill kunye neoyile yeentlanzi zombini ziyimithombo ye-omega-3 fatty acids, kodwa kukho umahluko ophambili phakathi kwezi zimbini. Ioli yeKrill:

• Iqulethe amanqanaba aphezulu e-EPA kunye ne-DHA ngendlela efunxwa lula ngumzimba.
• Iqulethe i-phospholipids, engafumanekiyo kwioli yeentlanzi.
• Ayinakwenzeka ukuba ibangele iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi, ezinje ngeentlanzi okanye imiba yokwetyisa.

Ukubaluleka kokuKhetha i-Oli yeKrill ekumgangatho ophezulu

Ayizizo zonke izongezo zeoli yekrill zenziwe zilingana. Xa ukhetha isongezelelo seoli yekrill, kubalulekile ukujonga:

• Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-EPA kunye ne-DHA.
• Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-phospholipids.
• Isongezo esiye savavanywa ukucoceka kunye nokungcola.

Iziphumo ezimbi ezinokwenzeka ze-Krill Oli

Ngelixa ioyile yekrill ithathwa njengekhuselekile, kukho iziphumo ezingalunganga ekufuneka uziqaphele:

• Ioli ye-krill inokunyusa umngcipheko wokopha, ngakumbi xa ithathwa kunye namayeza okunciphisa igazi.
• Ioyile ye-krill inokubangela imiba yokugaya ukutya, njengokurhuda okanye isisu esibuhlungu.
• Ioyile yekrill inokubiza kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izongezo.

UyiFaka njani iOli yeKrill kukutya kwakho

Izongezo zeoyile yeKrill zithengiswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya iicapsules kunye nolwelo. Zinokufumaneka kwiivenkile zokutya okunempilo nakwi-intanethi. Ioli ye-krill inokufumaneka kwezinye ukutya okulungiselelwe, okufana nemivalo yamandla kunye nokutya okulula.

Ukuba ufuna ukongeza i-krill kwisidlo sakho, ungazama kwakhona:

• Ukutya ukutya okuninzi kwaselwandle, okufana ne-shrimp okanye unonkala.
• Ukulandela ukutya okubandakanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zendalo, ukutya okupheleleyo.
• Ukuthatha isongezelelo seoli yekrill ephezulu.

I-Krill: Iinyani ezinomdla obungazazi

• Igama elithi "krill" livela kwigama lesiNorway elithi "krill" elithetha "intlanzi encinci eqhotsiweyo".
• Kwezinye iilwimi, ikrill ibizwa ngokuba yi "Euphausiacea", ethatyathwe kumagama esiGrike athi "eu" athetha "ulungile" kunye "nephausis" elithetha "ukukhanya", ebhekisa kumzimba we-bioluminescent wesilwanyana.

Iintlobo zeKrill kunye noKuqulunqwa

• I-Krill eneneni yenziwe ngeentlobo ezininzi, ezizezosapho lwe-Euphausiidae.
• Olona didi lukhulu lwekrill lubizwa ngokuba yiBentheuphausia amblyops kwaye inokulinganisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-intshi ezi-6 ubude.
• I-Krill luhlobo lwe-crustacean kwaye ihlobene ngokusondeleyo ne-shrimp kunye ne-lobster.

Ukubaluleka Krill kuLwandle

• I-Krill yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kwiwebhu yokutya elwandle, njengoko ingumthombo ophambili wokutya kwizilwanyana ezininzi, kubandakanya iminenga, itywina, iipenguin kunye neentaka.
• Ngaphandle kobukhulu bayo buncinci, ikrill ifumaneka kwimbumbulu emikhulu kwaye eneneni inokuba yenye yezona zilwanyana zininzi emhlabeni, kunye noqikelelo oluthile lubeka ubungakanani bezigidigidi zabemi.
• I-krill nayo ibalulekile kwizityalo zaselwandle, njengoko ingumthombo omkhulu we-iron yezondlo.

Iimpawu eziKhethekileyo zikaKrill

• Enye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo zekrill ngumzimba wayo we-bioluminescent, onokukhupha ukukhanya ekuphenduleni ukuziphatha okuthile.
• I-Krill nayo inexesha lokumitha leentsuku nje ezimbalwa, nto leyo eyeyona imfutshane kuso nasiphi na isilwanyana.
• I-krill inokufumaneka kumanzi onxweme kunye namanzi anzulu, iyenza ibe sisilwanyana esisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi.

Indima kaKrill ekutshintsheni iMozulu kunye nendawo yokuhlala

• I-Krill yimozulu esongelayo kunye nendawo yokuhlala, njengoko ixhomekeke kakhulu kubukho bomkhenkce wolwandle kwindawo yayo yokuhlala.
• U-Krill ufuduka rhoqo equkuqela elikhulu, ehamba nzulu ngexesha lasemini kwaye abe ngekho nzulu ebusuku, nto leyo eyaziwa ngokuba kukufuduka ngokuthe nkqo kwedizili.
• I-Krill ikwangumthombo wokutya obalulekileyo ebantwini, njengoko iyi-omnivore kwaye inokutya iintlobo ngeentlobo zokutya.

isiphelo

I-krill zizilwanyana ezincinci, ezifana ne-crustacean ezifumaneka kwiilwandle zehlabathi. Ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-ecosystem kunye nomthombo wokutya kwizilwanyana ezininzi zaselwandle, kuquka iminenga kunye noonombombiya. Awunakukwazi ukubaphepha, ngoko vuya nje ngokuba bekhona!

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UJoost Nusselder, umsunguli weBite My Bun ngumthengisi wentengiso, utata kwaye uthanda ukuzama ukutya okutsha ngokutya kwaseJapan entliziyweni yomnqweno wakhe, kwaye kunye neqela lakhe ebesenza amanqaku anzulu ebhlog ukusukela ngo2016 ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo kunye neeresiphi kunye neengcebiso zokupheka.