Ke ʻimi ʻana iā Yōshoku: He Kepani i ka ʻai ʻano Western-style

Author: Joost Nusselder, mea kākau o The Essential Japanese meal planner cookbook Hoʻohou Nowemapa 14, 2022

ʻO Yōshoku ka mana Kepanī o ka meaʻai Western-style. He meaʻai ia i hoʻomohala ʻia mai ka hui ʻana o nā meaʻai o ke Komohana a me nā mea Iapana kūloko. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Yōshoku ʻo "Yoshoku".

Loaʻa i nā kīʻaha e like me ka moa palai, ka pipi pipi, a me nā croquettes.

E nānā i kā mākou puke kuke hou

ʻO ka ʻohana ʻohana ʻo Bitemybun me ka papa hoʻolālā meaʻai piha a me ke alakaʻi papa ʻaina.

E hoʻāʻo iā ia no ka manuahi me Kindle Unlimited:

Heluhelu manuahi

ʻO ka moʻolelo kumu o Yoshoku

ʻO nā lā mua

I ka lā, i ka wā e kālepa wale ana ʻo Iapana me Netherlands a me Pokukala (ma kahi o 1863), aia kahi chef Kepani ma ka mokupuni ʻo Dejima ma Nagasaki, ka ʻāina kalepa. Ua loaʻa i kēia chef ka manawa kūʻokoʻa e aʻo ai i ka kuke ʻana i ka meaʻai o ke Komohana ʻoiai e hana ana ma ke ʻano he mea holoi ipu ma ka Dutch Trading Post. Ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ke ʻano o ka meaʻai Western, ua wehe ʻo ia i kāna hale ʻaina ponoʻī a lawelawe i nā kīʻaha Western-style mua loa ma Iapana.

He meaʻai nani no ka Elite

ʻO ka meaʻai komohana i loaʻa i ka poʻe kiʻekiʻe wale nō, no ka mea, ua manaʻo ʻia he mea momona. Akā i ka hopena, ua hoʻolaha nui ʻia i ka lehulehu. ʻO ka pilikia wale nō ka paʻakikī o nā meaʻai i hoʻohana ʻia i ke Komohana, no laila ua hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā mea pani.

Ka hanau ana o Yoshoku

ʻO ia ka manawa i komo ai nā kuki Kepanī a hoʻohui i kā lākou mau mea ʻokoʻa ponoʻī e kūpono i ka ʻono Kepanī. A pēlā i hānau ʻia ai ʻo Yoshoku, ke ʻano Kepanī o nā meaʻai Komohana!

No laila, inā makemake ʻoe i nā kīʻaha Western-style ʻono me ka wili Kepani, ʻike ʻoe i kahi e hele ai!

E ʻono i ke Komohana: ʻO nā meaʻai Komohana Kepanī

Laiki Curry

ʻO kēia kīʻaha Iapana maʻamau he hui pū ʻana o ʻelua mau meaʻai i aloha nui ʻia o ka honua: India a me English. Ua hoʻomaka ia i ka wā i haku ai ka ʻEnelani i ka pauka curry a lawe mai i Iapana ma o ke kālepa ʻana. A laila, lawe mai nā mikionali Pelekāne a me ʻAmelika i nā puke kuke me nā meaʻai no ka "curry and rice" i nā makahiki 1860. Ua kapa ʻia ka poʻe Kepanī he "rice curry" a ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo "curry rice."

Hoʻomoʻa ʻia ka ʻuala curry me nā ʻuala i ʻoki ʻia, kāloti, ʻiʻo, a me ka ʻoki ʻoki. Hiki i nā hale ʻai a me nā mea kuke hale ke hoʻomoe i ka curry i ka pō i hiki i ka umami o nā meaʻai ke hui pū me ka miki a hana i kahi ʻono momona. Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia ka laiki curry me ka ʻuala keʻokeʻo pickled i kapa ʻia ʻo Fukujin-zuké 福神漬け, kahi i ʻohi ʻia i ka soy sauce a loaʻa ka ʻono a me ka ʻono a me ka crunchiness.

He mea punahele ka laiki kari i na keiki a me na kane, a ua mo'a pinepine ia ma ka hale.

Om-Rice

ʻO ka Om-rice kahi hui o ka omelet Farani a me ka laiki, a me ka moa i hoʻomoʻi ʻia me ka ketchup. He ʻokoʻa kona ʻano a me kona ʻono ma muli o ka mea nāna i hana, akā ʻike ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i uhi ʻia me kahi ʻāpana hua manu a hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ke ketchup a i ʻole demi glace sauce. He mea maʻalahi ka hana ʻana a he punahele i waena o nā keiki, no laila ua kuke pinepine ʻia ma ka home.

Korokké

ʻO Korokké kahi mana Kepanī o ka croquette Komohana. Ua hoʻolauna ʻia i Iapana ma hope o nā makahiki 1870 i ka wā e hoʻāʻo ai ʻo Iapana e aʻo mai nā moʻomeheu Western Western. Hana ʻia ʻo Korokké e ka palai ʻuala, ka ʻuala, a me ka pipi liʻiliʻi. He ʻuʻuku ma waho a palupalu ma loko.

Nui nā ʻano like ʻole o Korokké, me:

• ʻO Menchi katsu: ʻO ka pipi mīni ʻia me ka ʻaila
• Kīhi iri menchi katsu: Menchi katsu me ka paʻakai ma waenakonu
• Kani Cream Korokké: ʻAi keʻokeʻo palaoa me ka ʻiʻo pāpaʻi
• Kabocha Korokké: ʻO ka Korokké kumu akā hoʻohana i ka paukena mashed ma kahi o ka ʻuala mashed
• ʻO Curry Korokké: Ka ʻuala mashed a me ka curry
• ʻO Guratan Korokké: ʻO ka makaroni keʻokeʻo i kālua ʻia me ka ʻōpae

ʻO Korokké kahi kīʻaha ʻaoʻao kaulana a i ʻole mea ʻai a hiki ke loaʻa ma kahi kokoke i nā hale kūʻai. Kūʻai aku ka poʻe kahu kīʻaha kūloko i mea ʻai.

Hamburg

ʻO Hamburg, a i ʻole "Hamburg steak", kahi kīʻaha i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ke kūlanakauhale awa o Hamburg, Kelemānia. Ua lawe ʻia ʻo ia i ʻAmelika e nā poʻe malihini Kelemania a hiki i Iapana ma hope o ka wehe ʻana o ka ʻāina no ke kālepa honua i nā makahiki 1850. Hana maikaʻi ʻia ʻo Hamburg me ka laiki, no laila ʻaʻohe ona bun.

He kīʻaha kaulana ʻo Hamburg i waena o nā keiki a hoʻomoʻa pinepine ʻia ma ka home. Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia me nā mea kanu i hoʻolapalapa ʻia a i kālua ʻia a hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia me kekahi o nā meaʻai he nui i loaʻa.

ʻO nā kīʻaha Yōshoku ʻono

He aha ʻo Yōshoku?

ʻO Yōshoku kekahi ʻano Mea ʻaina Kepani ka mea e hoʻohui ai i nā ʻenehana kuke ʻana o ke Komohana me nā mea ʻai Kepanī kuʻuna. He ala ʻokoʻa a ʻono ia e leʻaleʻa ai i kekahi o nā mea maikaʻi loa o nā ao ʻelua!

ʻO nā kīʻaha Yōshoku hoʻomāʻewaʻewa

ʻO nā kīʻaha Yōshoku e hoʻonanea i kou ʻono! Eia kekahi mau meaʻai kaulana loa.

• ʻO Korokke: nā croquettes hohonu i hana ʻia me ka ʻuala mashed, ka pipi lepo, a me nā mea kanu
• ʻO ka ʻuala kirīmi: he ʻuala momona i hana ʻia me nā mea kanu, ka moa, a me ka ʻuala
• Tarako Spaghetti: Japanese tarako (cod roe) spaghetti
• Tonkatsu: ʻokiʻoki puaʻa palai hohonu
• ʻO ka laiki Hayashi: he ʻiʻo pipi keʻano Kepanī a me ka ʻuala ʻala i lawelawe ʻia ma luna o ka laiki
• ʻO ka moa nanban: ka moa palai i hoʻomoʻi ʻia me ka vīnega a me ka ʻuala tartar
• ʻO Piroshiki: nā pā palai hohonu i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka pipi a me nā mea kanu
• ʻO nā ʻoʻo palai hohonu: kahi kīʻaha Iapana maʻamau
• ʻO ka iʻa palai: he ala ʻono e leʻaleʻa i ka iʻa
• Beefsteak: steak me ke ʻano ʻano Kepani
• Naporitan: ketchup spaghetti me ka sausage a me nā mea kanu
• Kepanī mushroom spaghetti: Japanese style soy sauce a me mushroom spaghetti
• ʻO ka spaghetti Ankake: kahi kīʻaha spaghetti i uhi ʻia i ka mea ʻala mai Nagoya
• Nattō spaghetti: spaghetti me kahi ʻono soy fermented kū hoʻokahi
• Mea ʻai ʻāhiu spaghetti: kahi kīʻaha kū hoʻokahi a ʻono
• Tuna spaghetti: kahi kīʻaha Iapana maʻamau
• ʻO ka mizore spaghetti: ua hele mai ka mizore mai ka inoa o ka hau mākū o Iapana
• ʻO ka moa palai (chicken katsu): kahi kīʻaha kaulana
• Beef cutlet (beef katsu): he ala ʻono e leʻaleʻa i ka pipi
• Menchi katsu: ʻiʻo pipi i hoʻomoʻi ʻia a me nā pā puaʻa
• ʻO ka laiki Turkish (torukorice): pilaf i hoʻonani ʻia me ka curry, spaghetti naporitan, a me tonkatsu me ka ʻai Demi-glace.
• ʻO Mikkusu sando: nā ʻano sanwīwī, ʻoi aku ka saladi hua manu, ka ham, a me ka ʻoki
• ʻO Gratin: kahi kīʻaha momona a me ka cheesy
• Doria: pilaf i kālua ʻia me ka ʻai béchamel a me ka paʻakai

Pono nā kīʻaha Yōshoku e hōʻoluʻolu i nā mea a pau ma ka papaʻaina! Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei i kahi mea hōʻoluʻolu a kamaʻāina a i ʻole he mea hou a hoihoi, loaʻa iā Yōshoku kekahi mea no kēlā me kēia. No laila no ke aha e hoʻāʻo ʻole ai i kēia lā?

Nā mea hana pono no ka hana ʻana i nā kīʻaha Yoshoku ʻono

He aha kāu i loaʻa ai

Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei e hahau i kekahi mau kīʻaha yoshoku, ua laki ʻoe! Loaʻa paha iā ʻoe ka hapa nui o nā meaʻai āu e pono ai i kāu lumi kuke. ʻO kahi ketchup liʻiliʻi wale nō āu e makemake ai, kahi ʻuala worcestershire, a me kahi pā palai a maikaʻi ʻoe e hele!

Nā mea hana e lawe ai i kāu mau kīʻaha i ka pae aʻe

Inā ʻoe e ʻimi e lawe i kāu mau kīʻaha yoshoku i ka pae aʻe, aia kekahi mau mea hana hou āu e makemake ai e loaʻa ma ka lima. Eia ka papa inoa o nā mea e pono ai no kēlā me kēia haku yoshoku makemake:

• ʻO Omurice Mold: Ke kōkua nei kēia mea hana maikaʻi iā ʻoe e hana i ka hui omelete-laiki maikaʻi loa.
• ʻO ka pā palai: He mea pono no kēlā me kēia kīʻaha yoshoku.
• Ketchup: He mea nui i loko o nā kīʻaha yoshoku he nui.
• ʻO Worcestershire Sauce: ʻO kekahi mea nui no kēlā me kēia kīʻaha yoshoku.

ʻO ka ʻiʻo i pāpā ʻia: He Moʻolelo no Yoshoku

ʻO ka Meiji Era: He manawa o ka hoʻololi

ʻO ka wā Meiji (1868-1912) kahi manawa o ka loli nui ma Iapana. Ma hope o ka holo ʻana o Commodore Matthew Perry i Kurihama i ka makahiki 1853, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Iapana e hoʻololi wikiwiki. ʻO kēia ka manaʻo he nui nā loli, me ka moʻomeheu meaʻai. Ma mua o kēia manawa, ua kapu ka lehulehu i ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo, ma muli o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o ka Buddhism a me ka Shintoism, a me ke kauoha a Emperor Tenmu e pāpā ana i ka pepehi ʻana a me ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo i kekahi mau manawa o ka makahiki (675 AD).

Lilo ka mea i papaia i ka mea kaulana

Akā, ua loli nā mea a pau i ka makahiki 1872 i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai ka ʻEmepera Meiji e ʻai i ka pipi a me ka ʻiʻo. ʻEā, ʻo ka pipi a me ka puaʻa i nā wahi a pau! Ua hoʻomaka nā hale ʻaina e ulu aʻe ma ka ʻāina a pau, e lawelawe ana i nā kīʻaha ʻono e like me Sukiyaki (gyunbe 牛鍋). ʻAʻole i lawa ka poʻe i kēia ʻai kapu.

ʻO Yoshoku: He ala hou o ka ʻai

Akā ʻo ka Meiji au i lawe mai i kahi mea ʻē aʻe: Yoshoku. ʻO kēia ala hou o ka ʻai ʻana i hui pū ʻia nā mea ʻai Kepani kuʻuna me nā ʻenehana kuke Western. Ua hānau ʻia nā kīʻaha e like me ka omurice (laiki omelet), raiki hayashi (ka pipi a me ka ʻuala ma luna o ka laiki) a me nā korokke (croquettes). Ua kaulana kēia mau kīʻaha a ʻai ʻia i kēia lā! No laila i ka manawa aʻe e hele ai ʻoe i Iapana, mai poina e hoʻāʻo i kekahi Yoshoku. ʻAʻole ʻoe e mihi.

He alakaʻi i nā kīʻaha Yoshoku: 5 Classics Pono ʻoe e hoʻāʻo

Laiki Curry

ʻO kēia ka meaʻai i hoʻomaka ai! Ua lawe mua ʻia ʻo Curry i Iapana e nā luna o ka British Royal Navy i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 19. He mea paʻa ia me ka Imperial Japanese Navy, ka mea e kū nei i kahi maʻi beriberi ma muli o ka nele o ka huaora B. No ka pale ʻana i kēia, ua hui pū lākou i ka palaoa i loko o ka curry, a voila! Ua hoʻopau ʻia ka maʻi maʻi beriberi.

Akā, ʻaʻole ʻo ia wale nō – ua hoʻohui ʻia ka ʻuala, kāloti, a me nā aniani i ka hui ʻana e ke kumu ʻAmelika ʻo William Clark o ke Koleke Kūʻai ʻo Sapporo. He ala maikaʻi kēia e hoʻonui ai i ke kīʻaha i ka wā pōkole.

I kēia lā, lawelawe ʻia ka curry Iapana i kēlā me kēia Pōʻalima ma ka Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force, a aia kēlā me kēia moku i kāna meaʻai huna. Eia kekahi mau meaʻai e hoʻomaka ai ʻoe:

• Mele Moa
• Mea Paʻa Paʻi ʻAi Kai
• Pehea e hana ai i ka Curry Roux

Doria

ʻO Doria kahi kīʻaha i kālua ʻia, e hōʻike ana i ka laiki i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka miki keʻokeʻo, ka paʻakai, a me nā ʻano mea like ʻole. Ua hana ʻia ia i ka makahiki 1930 e Saly Weil, ke poʻo kumu mua ma ka Hotel New Grand ma Yokohama.

Wahi a ka moʻolelo, ua maʻi kekahi kanaka panakō Swiss e noho ana ma ka hōkele a noi i kahi mea maʻalahi e ʻeli. No laila, hoʻohui ka chef i ka pilaf (laiki i hoʻomoʻa ʻia i ka broth a me nā mea kanu) a me ka ʻōpae i hoʻomoʻa ʻia i loko o ka ʻaila holika, a laila kālua ʻia i loko o ka umu a hiki i ka ʻeleʻele gula.

Eia kekahi mau meaʻai ʻē aʻe e hoʻāʻo ai:

• Kari Doria
• ʻIʻo Doria

Napolitan (Ketchup Pasta)

He kīʻaha Kepani kūʻokoʻa kēia, e hōʻike ana i ka spaghetti udon-soft stir-fried me nā mea kanu a me ka ʻiʻo, a hoʻomoʻi ʻia me ke ketchup. Ua hana ʻia i ka wā ma hope o ke kaua ma ka New Grand Hotel ma Yokohama, kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka pūʻali koa US.

Me nā hua liʻiliʻi e hana pū ai, ua hoʻoikaika ke poʻo chef mai nā pūʻali koa ʻAmelika e ʻai ana i ka spaghetti a me ke ketchup. Ua hoʻololi ʻo ia i ka ketchup no ka puree tōmato, ua hoʻohui ʻo ia i nā aniani sautéed, ham, a me nā halo, a me voila! Ua ʻike ʻia ka meaʻai ma waho o ka hōkele a ua hopu ʻia nā maka o nā Kepani.

ʻO ke kī o kēia kīʻaha ʻo ka noodles - ua hoʻolapalapa ʻia lākou ma mua o al dente, i ka udon kūlike. Hāʻawi kēia i ke kīʻaha i ke ʻano palupalu.

Tonkatsu

Tonkatsu ua haku ʻia ʻo “Ton” = puaʻa a me “Katsu” = cotelette (ka huaʻōlelo Palani no kahi ʻāpana puaʻa, puaʻa, a ʻiʻo ʻiʻo paha i kālua ʻia a paʻi hohonu). Mai ka makahiki 1899, ma Rengatai (煉瓦亭) ma Ginza.

I kēlā manawa, lawelawe lākou i ka poʻe kūʻai aku i ka "Pork Cutlet" (豚肉のカツレツ), ʻo ia nā ʻāpana puaʻa i ʻai ʻia i ka pata, a laila kālua ʻia i ka umu. Hoʻopili mau ʻia ke kīʻaha me kahi ʻaoʻao o nā mea kanu i hoʻomoʻa ʻia.

Akā i ka wā o ke kaua ʻo Russo-Iapana (1904-1905), ua nui ka nele o ka hana. No laila, ua hoʻoholo ke poʻo kuki e ʻaʻahu i ka ʻiʻo i loko o ka paila e like me ka tempura, a laila hoʻomoʻi hohonu. Ua hoʻololi hou ʻia nā huaʻai i hoʻomoʻa ʻia me ke kāpeti i ʻoki ʻia, i makemake ʻia no ka hoʻomākaukau wikiwiki ʻana a me ka loaʻa ʻana i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

Eia kekahi mau meaʻai ʻē aʻe e hoʻāʻo ai:

• Tonkatsu kālua
• ʻO Tonkatsu ʻAʻohe Gluten

ʻO ka hānau ʻana o Yōshoku: He Moʻolelo o ke Komohana

ʻO ka Meiji Era: He manawa o ka hoʻololi

ʻO ka wā Meiji kahi manawa o ka loli nui no Iapana. Ke nānā nei ka ʻāina i ke Komohana no ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka hana hou, a ke paipai nei ke aupuni i ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona o kahi hui naʻauao. He hoʻololi nui kēia mai ka ʻai Buddhist kuʻuna, ka mea i pāpā i ka pepehi ʻana i nā holoholona no ka ʻai.

ʻO ke ala ʻana o Yōshoku

ʻO ka meaʻai Western-style i lilo i mea kaulana i Iapana i ka wā mua i hiki ke loaʻa i ka papa hanohano. Akā ua laha ka ʻōlelo o nā kīʻaha ʻono i ka moʻomeheu plebeian o Asakusa, a ʻaʻole i liʻuliʻu, hāʻawi nā hale ʻaina ma ia wahi i nā kīʻaha yōshoku. Ua makemake nui ka poʻe e hoʻāʻo i ka meaʻai hou, a hiki iā lākou ke leʻaleʻa me nā makana Iapana kahiko e like me ka sake, raiki, a me ka sopa miso.

ʻO ke kuko ʻo Yōshoku

Ua ulu nui ka yōshoku, a ua kaulana nō hoʻi i waena o ka poʻe Pelekania, i kaulana no ko lākou aloha i ka pipi. Ke lilo nei ka pipi Kobe a me ka pipi Yonezawa i mau inoa o ka hale, a ke hele nei ka poʻe i nā hale ʻaina e ʻono i ka ʻiʻo palupalu. He wā hoʻololi nui ia, a ʻo ka makemake o ka yōshoku kekahi hapa nui o ia mea.

Panina

ʻO Yōshoku kahi ʻano ʻano meaʻai Kepanī e hoʻohui i nā mea ʻai Kepani kuʻuna me nā ʻenehana kuke Western. He ala maikaʻi loa ia e ʻike ai i ka maikaʻi o nā ao ʻelua, a he ala maikaʻi loa ia e hoʻāʻo ai i kahi mea hou a hoihoi. Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei i kahi pāʻina ʻono a i ʻole kahi ala kūʻokoʻa e hoʻohauʻoli ai i kāu mau hoaaloha, ʻo yōshoku ke ala e hele ai! E hoʻomanaʻo wale i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i kāu mākaukau chopstick a mai makaʻu ʻoe e hoʻāʻo i kahi mea hou - ʻaʻole ʻoe i ʻike i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻai meaʻai āu e loaʻa ai! A mai poina i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka manawa maikaʻi – ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻo Yōshoku e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻono kumu!

E nānā i kā mākou puke kuke hou

ʻO ka ʻohana ʻohana ʻo Bitemybun me ka papa hoʻolālā meaʻai piha a me ke alakaʻi papa ʻaina.

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Heluhelu manuahi

ʻO Joost Nusselder, ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu ʻo Bite My Bun kahi mea kūʻai aku ʻike, makuakāne a makemake i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka meaʻai hou me ka meaʻai Kepanī ma ka puʻuwai o kona kuko, a me kāna hui e hana ana ʻo ia i nā ʻatikala blog hohonu mai 2016 e kōkua i nā poʻe heluhelu kūpaʻa. me nā meaʻai a me nā ʻōlelo kuke kuke.