Krill: Dziwani za Taxonomy, Ecology, ndi Ntchito

Author: Joost Nusselder, wolemba buku la The Essential Japanese mealner cookbook Idasinthidwa pa Seputembara 25, 2022

Krill ndi ochepa kwambiri, koma ndi gawo lofunikira pazachilengedwe. Amakhalanso gwero lalikulu la omega-3 fatty acids, ndipo anthu amawadyanso.

Krill ndi nkhanu zazing'ono zomwe zimapezeka m'nyanja zonse zapadziko lapansi. Anthu ochuluka kwambiri amapezeka kum'mwera kwa nyanja ya Antarctica, komwe amatha kufika matani 500 miliyoni. Amakhalanso ndi bioluminescent, kutanthauza kuti amatha kutulutsa kuwala.

M'nkhaniyi, ndikuuzani zonse za krill, ntchito yawo mu chilengedwe, ndi momwe amakololedwa.

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Krill ndi liwu lachi Norwegian lomwe limatanthauza "nsomba zazing'ono," zomwe zimanenedwa kuti krill ndi nkhanu zazing'ono zomwe zimapezeka m'nyanja.

Mitundu ya Krill

Pali mitundu yopitilira 80 ya krill, koma yodziwika kwambiri ndi Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). Mitundu ina ya krill imapezeka kumadera osiyanasiyana a dziko lapansi, monga krill yakuda ( Thysanoessa longipes ) yomwe imapezeka ku Pacific Ocean ndi bamboo krill ( Euphausia pacifica ) yomwe imapezeka m'madzi ozungulira Rhode Island.

Kumene Krill Amapezeka

Krill amapezeka m'nyanja zonse zapadziko lapansi, koma anthu ambiri amapezeka ku Southern Ocean kuzungulira Antarctica.

Udindo wa Krill mu Ecosystem

Krill ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pazakudya za m'nyanja, zomwe zimakhala ngati chakudya cha nyama zambiri zam'madzi, kuphatikizapo anamgumi, zisindikizo, penguin, ndi nsomba.

Krill mu Zinenero Zosiyanasiyana

Mawu oti "krill" amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zilankhulo zambiri, kuphatikiza Chiafrikaans, Chiarabu, Chibelarusia, Chibugariya, Chikatalani, Chitchaina, Chicheki, Chidanishi, Chidatchi, Chijojiya, Chijeremani, Chihebri, Icelandic, Indonesian, Chitaliyana, Chijapani, Chikazakh, Chikorea, Chilativiya, Chilithuania, Chinorwe, Chi Occitan, Chipolishi, Chipwitikizi, Chiromania, Chisipanishi, Chisipanishi, Chisipanishi, Chisipanishi, Chislovak , Chiyukireniya, Vietnamese, ndi Welsh. Mu Chiserbia, amalembedwa kuti "srpskisrpskohrvatski".

Zosazolowereka Zokhudza Krill

• Krill imatha kutalika mpaka 6 centimita.
• Krill ndi bioluminescent, kutanthauza kuti amatha kutulutsa kuwala.
• Krill ndi zosefera, pogwiritsa ntchito miyendo yawo kusefa tinthu tating'onoting'ono m'madzi.
• Krill ndi gwero losowa la omega-3 fatty acids, lomwe ndi lofunikira pa thanzi la munthu.
• Nthawi zina ma Krill amatchedwa "ng'ombe za m'nyanja" chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwawo komanso kufunikira kwawo pazakudya.

Nchiyani Chimachititsa Krill Kukhala Bwino?

Krill amakula bwino m'madzi ozizira, okhala ndi michere yambiri. Amakhala ochuluka kwambiri m'madera omwe ali ndi kukwera, komwe ndiko kuyenda kwa madzi ozizira, odzaza ndi mchere kuchokera m'nyanja yakuya kupita pamwamba.

Udindo wa Krill mu Moyo Wamunthu

Krill amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mayiko ena ngati chakudya cha anthu, koma amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chakudya cha nyama. Mafuta a krill amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chakudya chowonjezera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa omega-3 fatty acids.

Mu Dzina Ndi Chiyani? Taxonomy ya Krill

Krill, nkhanu zazing'ono zomwe zimapezeka m'nyanja padziko lonse lapansi, zimadziwika ndi mayina osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, ku Japan amatchedwa okiami, pamene ku Russia amatchedwa kril. Koma mosasamala kanthu za chimene amachitcha, krill ndi magwero ofunikira a chakudya cha nyama zambiri, kuphatikizapo nsomba, anamgumi, ndi penguin. M'malo mwake, akuti mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya krill, Euphausia superba, imatha kupezeka mpaka matani 500 miliyoni ku Southern Ocean kokha.

Kuchulukitsa

Krill ndi m'gulu la Euphausiacea, lomwe limaphatikizapo mabanja angapo ndi mibadwo. Mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya krill ndi Euphausia ndi Thysanoessa, pomwe Euphausia ndiye wamkulu komanso wopezeka kwambiri. M'magulu awa, pali mitundu ingapo yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza Euphausia superba, yomwe ndi mitundu yomwe imalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi usodzi wa krill.

Zizindikiro za thupi

Krill ndi nkhanu zazing'ono, zomwe zimakhala pakati pa 1 ndi 6 centimita m'litali. Ali ndi thupi lalitali, lowonda lomwe lili ndi chotupa cha thoracic exoskeleton ndi miyendo ingapo yomwe imamangiriridwa ku chifuwa chawo. Krill amatha kusefa chakudya pazakudya zazing'ono, kuphatikiza phytoplankton ndi nyama zina zazing'ono, ndipo amadziwika ndi maso awo otukuka kwambiri.

Kugawa ndi Malo okhala

Krill amapezeka m'nyanja padziko lonse lapansi, ndi anthu ambiri omwe amapezeka ku Southern Ocean kuzungulira Antarctica. Amapezekanso m'nyanja ya Pacific ndi Atlantic, komanso m'madzi ozungulira Japan ndi madera ena. Krill amatha kukhala mozama mpaka mamita 1,000, ngakhale kuti amapezeka kwambiri kumtunda kwa nyanja.

Kukolola ndi Kusamalira

Krill akhala akukololedwa chakudya ndi zolinga zina kwa zaka zambiri, ndi Soviet Union ndi Russia kukhala mayiko aakulu asodzi krill padziko lonse. Masiku ano, ma krill amakololedwa pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza ngati chakudya cha anthu ndi nyama, komanso kupanga mafuta a krill, omwe ndi chakudya chodziwika bwino. Komabe, pali nkhawa za momwe kukolola kwa krill kungakhudzire chilengedwe, ndipo ntchito zingapo zosamalira ndi kuyesa zayambika pofuna kulimbikitsa mchitidwe wokolola mokhazikika.

Ecology of Krill: Osewera Aang'ono Koma Amphamvu mu Chakudya cha Ocean's

Krill ndi apadera pakutha kusintha mpweya wambiri kuchokera ku phytoplankton kukhala mawonekedwe omwe amatha kudyedwa ndi nyama zina. Amachita zimenezi mwa kudya kwambiri phytoplankton ndi tizigawo ting’onoting’ono, n’kumasefa m’mapangidwe awo abwino, onga tsitsi otchedwa setae. Njira imeneyi imadziwika kuti “pampu yachilengedwe,” ndipo imathandiza kwambiri pa kayendedwe ka mpweya wa m’nyanja. Krill amanyamulanso kaboni wosungunuka kuchokera pamwamba kupita kumadzi akuya, komwe amatha kudyedwa ndi zamoyo zina.

Makhalidwe Athupi ndi Kugawa kwa Krill

Ma Krill amapezeka m'magulu akulu, kapena magulu, omwe amatha kukhala ndi mamiliyoni a anthu. Amasinthidwa mwakuthupi kuti apulumuke m'malo ovuta kwambiri a Antarctic, okhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera omwe amawalola kuchita bwino m'madzi ozizira, amdima. Izi zimaphatikizapo maso akuluakulu omwe amatha kuzindikira zinthu zoyera ndi zakuda, komanso kayendedwe ka kayendedwe kake kamene kamawalola kuti azisefa zinthu zina m'madzi. Krill amathanso kusuntha molunjika kupyola mumtsinje wamadzi, kutengera kupezeka kwa chakudya komanso momwe chilengedwe chilili.

Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Krill ndi Morphology Yawo

Pali mitundu yopitilira 85 ya krill, yomwe imayikidwa mu superorder Eucarida ndi banja la Euphausiidae. Mitundu yambiri ya krill ndi Euphausia superba, yomwe imapezeka ku Southern Ocean. Mitundu ina ndi monga Bentheuphausia amblyops, Thyanoessa inermis, ndi Nemato-brachion boops. Krill ali ndi mawonekedwe apadera omwe amaphatikizapo thupi logawikana, awiriawiri a tinyanga, ndi mchira wautali, woonda. Amadziwikanso ndi utoto wonyezimira, wowoneka bwino, womwe umawathandiza kuti agwirizane ndi malo ozungulira.

Zotsatira za Krill pa Webusaiti Yakudya Yam'nyanja ndi Kafukufuku pa Krill Consumption

Krill ndi gwero lofunikira lazakudya za nyama zambiri zam'nyanja, ndipo kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwawo kumatha kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu pazakudya. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kudya krill ndi nyama zazikulu monga nsomba kungakhudzidwe ndi kusintha kwa kupezeka kwa krill, zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kwa chilengedwe chonse. Ngakhale kufunikira kwawo, krill akadali osowa komanso osadziwika bwino. Kafukufuku wowonjezereka akufunika kuti amvetsetse bwino ntchito yomwe krill imagwira mu chilengedwe cha nyanja yamchere ndi momwe angatetezedwe bwino.

Kuchokera ku Nyanja kupita ku mbale: Krill ku Kitchen

Krill ndiye chofunikira kwambiri pazakudya zina, makamaka muzakudya zaku Asia. Nazi zitsanzo:

• Msuzi wa Krill: Msuzi wotchuka ku Korea wopangidwa ndi krill zouma, masamba, ndi zokometsera.
• Nsomba ndi krill Dumplings: Chakudya cha dim sum ku China chopangidwa ndi shrimp, krill, ndi zina.
• Mpunga wokazinga: Chakudya chosavuta koma chokoma chopangidwa ndi mpunga, krill, ndi ndiwo zamasamba.
• Bagoong phala: Zakudya zaku Filipino zimagwiritsa ntchito krill mu phala lapadera lomwe limakometsera zakudya zambiri.

Krill ngati Chakudya cha Zomera ndi Zinyama

Krill samangogwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika komanso ndi chakudya chofunikira kwa nyama ndi zomera zambiri. Nazi zitsanzo:

• Nangumi ndi Nangumi wa baleen: Nyama zimenezi zimadya krill kuti zikhale ndi moyo.
• Zamoyo za m’nyanja: Zamoyo zambiri za m’nyanja, monga ma penguin, seal, ndi squid, zimadalira krill monga magwero a chakudya.
• Zomera: Krill imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati feteleza wa zomera chifukwa imakhala ndi nitrogen yambiri ndi carbon dioxide.

Kodi Krill Ndi Chowonjezera Chathanzi Pazakudya Zanu?

Kafukufuku wambiri awonetsa kuti mafuta a krill amatha kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Ena mwa kafukufuku wapeza kuti:

• Mafuta a Krill angathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro za ululu ndi kutupa, kuphatikizapo kupweteka kwa mafupa ndi kupweteka kwa msambo.
• Mafuta a krill angathandize kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa triglycerides, omwe ndi mtundu wa mafuta omwe angapangitse chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima.
• Mafuta a krill angathandize kusintha ubongo kugwira ntchito komanso kuchepetsa zizindikiro za kuvutika maganizo ndi nkhawa.

Momwe Mafuta a Krill Amafananizira ndi Mafuta a Nsomba

Mafuta a krill ndi mafuta a nsomba onse ndi magwero a omega-3 fatty acids, koma pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ziwirizi. Mafuta a Krill:

• Muli milingo yapamwamba ya EPA ndi DHA mu mawonekedwe omwe amatengedwa mosavuta ndi thupi.
• Lili ndi phospholipids, zomwe sizipezeka mumafuta a nsomba.
• Sichingathe kuyambitsa zotsatira zoyipa, monga kuphulika kwa nsomba kapena kugaya chakudya.

Kufunika Kosankha Mafuta a Krill Apamwamba

Sikuti mafuta onse a krill amapangidwa mofanana. Posankha chowonjezera chamafuta a krill, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana:

• Kuchuluka kwa EPA ndi DHA.
• Kuchuluka kwa phospholipids.
• Chowonjezera chomwe chayesedwa kuti chikhale choyera komanso chodetsa.

Zomwe Zingachitike Zoyipa za Mafuta a Krill

Ngakhale mafuta a krill nthawi zambiri amawonedwa ngati otetezeka, pali zovuta zina zomwe muyenera kuzidziwa:

• Mafuta a krill amatha kuonjezera chiopsezo chotaya magazi, makamaka akamwedwa pamodzi ndi mankhwala ochepetsa magazi.
• Mafuta a Krill amatha kuyambitsa mavuto am'mimba, monga kutsekula m'mimba kapena kukhumudwa m'mimba.
• Mafuta a krill amatha kukhala okwera mtengo poyerekeza ndi zowonjezera zina.

Momwe Mungaphatikizire Mafuta a Krill muzakudya Zanu

Mafuta owonjezera a Krill amagulitsidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza makapisozi ndi madzi. Atha kupezeka m'masitolo ogulitsa zakudya komanso pa intaneti. Mafuta a Krill amapezekanso muzakudya zina zomwe zakonzedwa, monga mipiringidzo yamagetsi ndi zakudya zosavuta.

Ngati mukufuna kuwonjezera krill pazakudya zanu, mutha kuyesanso:

• Kudya zakudya zambiri zam'nyanja, monga shrimp kapena nkhanu.
• Kutsatira zakudya zomwe zikuphatikizapo zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe, zakudya zonse.
• Kutenga mafuta owonjezera a krill apamwamba kwambiri.

Krill: Zochititsa chidwi Zomwe Simunadziwe

• Mawu akuti "krill" amachokera ku liwu lachi Norwegian "krill" lomwe limatanthauza "nsomba zazing'ono".
• M'zinenero zina, krill amatchedwa "Euphausiacea", lomwe limachokera ku mawu achi Greek "eu" kutanthauza "zabwino" ndi "phausis" kutanthauza "kuwala", kutanthauza thupi la bioluminescent la nyama.

Mitundu ya Krill ndi Mapangidwe

• Krill kwenikweni amapangidwa ndi mitundu ingapo, ya banja Euphausiidae.
• Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya krill imatchedwa Bentheuphausia amblyops ndipo imatha kufika mainchesi 6 m'litali.
• Krill ndi mtundu wa crustacean ndipo umagwirizana kwambiri ndi shrimp ndi nkhanu.

Kufunika kwa Krill mu Nyanja

• Krill ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pazakudya zam'madzi, chifukwa ndi gwero lalikulu lazakudya za nyama zambiri, kuphatikiza anamgumi, zisindikizo, ma penguin, ndi mbalame.
• Ngakhale kuti ndi yaying'ono, krill imapezeka m'magulu akuluakulu ndipo imatha kukhala imodzi mwa nyama zochulukira kwambiri padziko lapansi, kuyerekezera kwina kuyika kuchuluka kwa anthu mabiliyoni.
• Krill ndi yofunikanso kwa zomera za m'nyanja, chifukwa ndi gwero lalikulu la chitsulo chachitsulo.

Zosiyanasiyana za Krill

• Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino za krill ndi thupi lake la bioluminescent, lomwe limatha kutulutsa kuwala poyankha machitidwe ena.
• Krill imakhalanso ndi nthawi yoyembekezera ya masiku ochepa chabe, yomwe ndi imodzi mwa nyama zazifupi kwambiri.
• Krill imapezeka m'madzi am'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso m'madzi akuya, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale nyama yosunthika.

Udindo wa Krill pa Kusintha Kwanyengo ndi Malo okhala

• Krill ndi nyengo yowopsa komanso malo okhala, chifukwa amadalira kwambiri kukhalapo kwa ayezi am'nyanja komwe amakhala.
• Krill amasamuka nthawi zonse m'magulu akuluakulu, amayenda mozama masana komanso osazama usiku, zomwe zimadziwika kuti diel vertical migration.
• Krill ndi chakudya chofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu, chifukwa ndi omnivore ndipo amatha kudya zakudya zosiyanasiyana.

Kutsiliza

Krill ndi nyama zazing'ono, zokhala ngati crustacean zomwe zimapezeka m'nyanja zapadziko lapansi. Ndiwo gawo lofunikira kwambiri pazachilengedwe komanso chakudya cha nyama zambiri zam'madzi, kuphatikizapo anamgumi ndi ma penguin. Simungawapewe, choncho ingosangalalani kuti alipo!

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Maphikidwe apabanja a Bitemybun okhala ndi zokonzera chakudya chokwanira komanso kalozera wazophika.

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Joost Nusselder, yemwe anayambitsa Bite My Bun ndi wotsatsa, bambo ndipo amakonda kuyesa chakudya chatsopano ndi zakudya zaku Japan pamtima pa chilakolako chake, ndipo limodzi ndi gulu lake akhala akupanga zolemba zakuya za blog kuyambira 2016 kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi maphikidwe ndi nsonga zophika.