Nonstick Cookware: Kodi Teflon Ndi Yotetezeka Kugwiritsa Ntchito? Zomwe Osaphika & Njira Zina

Author: Joost Nusselder, wolemba buku la The Essential Japanese mealner cookbook Idasinthidwa pa Seputembara 11, 2022

Kodi zokutira zopanda ndodo ndi chiyani? Chophimba chosasunthika ndi chophimba chapadera chomwe chimayikidwa pamwamba pa poto chomwe chimalola kuti chakudya chichoke mosavuta papoto popanda kufunikira mafuta owonjezera kapena mafuta. Ndi njira yabwino yophikira wathanzi popanda kuwonjezera mafuta kapena mafuta. Koma zimagwira ntchito bwanji? Ndipo chinapangidwa ndi chiyani?

Ndi chophimba chapadera chomwe chimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuphika popanda mafuta owonjezera kapena mafuta. Koma ndi chiyani kwenikweni? Ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwanji? M'nkhaniyi, ndifotokoza zomwe zokutira zopanda ndodo ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito.

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Kodi Nonstick Cookware Imatanthauza Chiyani Kwenikweni?

Zophika zopanda ndodo ndi mtundu wazinthu zakukhitchini zomwe zimakhala ndi zokutira zapadera zomwe zimayikidwa pamwamba pa poto. Chophimbachi chimapangidwa kuti chiteteze chakudya kuti chisamamatire poto, kupangitsa kuphika kukhala kosavuta komanso kosavuta. Zophika zopanda ndodo zimapangidwa makamaka ndi zitsulo monga chitsulo, koma zokutira zimalola kuchotsa chakudya mosavuta popanda kufunikira mafuta owonjezera kapena mafuta.

Kusankha Chophika Chabwino Kwambiri Chopanda Ndodo

Posankha zophikira zopanda ndodo, ndikofunikira kuganizira zosowa zanu ndi zomwe mumakonda. Zina zomwe muyenera kukumbukira ndi izi:

• Mtundu wa chakudya chomwe mudzakhala mukuphika: Mitundu ina ya zophikira zopanda ndodo ndizoyenera zakudya zina.
• Kutentha komwe mudzakhala mukugwiritsa ntchito: Zovala zina zopanda ndodo sizingathe kupirira kutentha kwakukulu, kotero ndikofunikira kuyang'ana malingaliro a wopanga.
• Mulingo wosavuta womwe mukufuna: Zophika zopanda ndodo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosavuta kuyeretsa kuposa zophika zachikhalidwe, koma zina zingafunike kuyesetsa pang'ono.
• Mulingo wachitetezo womwe mumafunikira: Ngakhale zophikira zamakono zopanda ndodo nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa ngati zotetezeka, anthu ena amada nkhawabe ndi ngozi zomwe zingachitike paumoyo.

Mitundu ya Zopaka Zopanda Ndodo

PTFE, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Teflon, ndiye mtundu wodziwika bwino wa zokutira zopanda ndodo zomwe zimapezeka pamsika. Idapangidwa mokhazikika ndi Roy Plunkett mu 1938 akugwira ntchito ku DuPont, kampani yamankhwala. Zinthuzi zidachokera ku mgwirizano pakati pa DuPont ndi kampani yaku France, ndipo posakhalitsa idapeza ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana. PTFE ndi polima opangidwa ndi hydrophobic ndipo ali ndi zinthu zapadera zomwe zimalepheretsa chakudya kumamatira pamwamba pa mapoto ndi poto. Chophimbacho chimapangidwa ndi kupopera mankhwala osakaniza a PTFE ndi mankhwala ena pamwamba pa cookware, yomwe imatenthedwa kufika pafupifupi 400 digiri Celsius kuti ipangitse ❖ kuyanika. Njirayi imapanga malo osasunthika omwe sagonjetsedwa ndi abrasion ndipo ali ndi makulidwe pafupifupi mamilimita 0.02 mpaka 0.05.

Komabe, zokutira za PTFE zili ndi zovuta zina zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa nazo. Zovala za PTFE zotenthedwa zimatha kuyambitsa kutulutsa kwa mankhwala otchedwa PFOA, omwe amatha kuyambitsa khansa. Choncho, ndi bwino kuti asatenthetse PTFE- TACHIMATA cookware pamwamba 260 digiri Celsius.

Zovala za Ceramic

Zovala za ceramic ndi mtundu watsopano wa zokutira zopanda ndodo zomwe zadziwika kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa. Chophimbacho chimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chisakanizo cha ma polima opangidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta ceramic pamwamba pa chophikacho. Kusakanizako kumatenthedwa kuti kupangitse malo osagwira ndodo omwe samva kukwapula ndi mikwingwirima. Zovala za ceramic ndizopadera chifukwa zilibe PTFE kapena PFOA, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala njira yabwino kwa iwo omwe ali ndi nkhawa ndi zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zingagwirizane ndi zokutira za PTFE.

Cast Iron Zokometsera

Ma skillet achitsulo ndi mtundu wamba wa zophikira zomwe zimatha kusamalidwa pothira pamwamba ndi mafuta. Zokometsera zimaphatikizapo kuthira mafuta ochepa pamwamba pa skillet ndikuwotcha kutentha kwambiri. Kutentha kumapangitsa kuti mafutawo asungunuke, kumapanga malo osasunthika omwe ndi abwino kuphika. Ma skillet achitsulo ndi apadera chifukwa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pophikira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kukazinga, kuphika, ndi kuphika.

Zopaka Zachitsulo Zosapanga dzimbiri ndi Aluminium

Zophikira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi aluminiyamu zimathanso kusamalidwa popaka zokutira pamwamba pa chophikiracho. Chophimbacho chimapangidwa kuchokera ku chisakanizo cha ma polima opangidwa ndi kaboni, omwe amawathira pamwamba pa chophikacho. Kenako chophikacho chimatenthedwa mpaka kutentha kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zokutirazo zipangike polima ndi kutulutsa pamwamba.

Zovala za Waffle

Zovala zawaffle ndi mtundu wa zokutira zopanda ndodo zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri pa opanga waffle ndi ziwiya zina zofananira. Chophimbacho chimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chisakanizo cha ma polima opangidwa ndi kaboni pamwamba pa chiwiyacho. Chiwiyacho chimatenthedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zokutirazo zipangike polima ndi kutulutsa malo osakhazikika. Zovala zawaffle ndizopadera chifukwa zimapangidwira kuti zipirire kutentha kofunikira pakuphika ma waffles ndi zakudya zina zofananira.

Malangizo Ophikira Pazophika Zopanda Ndodo

Chakudya chanu chikakonzeka, ndikofunikira kupereka ndikusunga zophikira zanu zopanda ndodo moyenera kuti zitsimikizire kuti zimatenga nthawi yayitali:

• Gwiritsani ntchito ziwiya zosawonongeka kuti mupereke chakudya chanu kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwa zokutira zopanda ndodo.
• Tsukani zophikira zanu zopanda ndodo mwamsanga mukatha kuzigwiritsa ntchito kuti chakudya chisamamatire pa poto.
• Sungani zophikira zanu zopanda ndodo kutali ndi m'mbali zakuthwa kapena zinthu zina zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa zokutira zopanda ndodo.
• Mukamasunga zophikira zanu zopanda ndodo, pewani kuunjika mapeni pamwamba pa wina ndi mnzake kuti asakandane kapena kumatira.

Zomwe Muyenera Kupewa Kuphika mu Nonsstick Cookware

Ngakhale kuti zophika zopanda ndodo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zabwino kuphika, pali zakudya zina zomwe zimakhala bwino ngati zophikidwa mumitundu ina. Izi ndichifukwa choti zakudya zina zimafuna kutentha kwambiri kapena nthawi yayitali yophikira, zomwe zimatha kuphwanya zokutira za polima pamiphika yopanda ndodo, ndikupangitsa kuti atulutse mankhwala owopsa muzakudya zanu.

Kusamalira Zophika Zanu Zopanda Ndodo: Sungani Mapani Anu Osamata Kwanthawi yayitali

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe mungachite kuti muteteze zokutira zanu zopanda ndodo ndikuyeretsa bwino. Nazi mfundo zina zofunika kuzikumbukira:

• Gwiritsani ntchito siponji kapena nsalu yosavunda kuti mutsuke zophikira zanu zopanda ndodo. Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito ubweya wachitsulo kapena zinthu zina zilizonse zomwe zingawononge zokutira.
• Samalani kuti musakolole pamwamba pa zokutira zopanda ndodo ndi ziwiya zakuthwa kapena mipeni.
• Chotsani chakudya chilichonse chowonjezera mupoto musanachiyeretse.
• Tsukani zophikira zanu zopanda ndodo ndi madzi otentha, a sopo ndikuzipukuta bwino ndi thaulo kapena poumitsa mpweya.
• Ngati muli ndi chotsukira mbale, fufuzani ndi wopanga kuti muwone ngati chophika chanu chosamata chili chotetezeka. Mitundu ina imalimbikitsa kusamba m'manja kokha.

Muyenera Kudziwa

Zophika zopanda ndodo zimatha kukhala zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo zimatha kupangitsa kuphika zakudya zina mwachangu komanso kosavuta. Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti chisamaliro choyenera ndikugwiritsa ntchito ndizofunikira kuti zokutira zanu zopanda ndodo zikhale zabwino kwa nthawi yayitali. Tsatirani malangizowa kuti mupindule ndi zophika zanu zosamata ndikusangalala ndi kuphika kosamata kwa zaka zikubwerazi.

Kodi Nonstick Cookware Monga Teflon Ndi Yotetezeka Kugwiritsa Ntchito?

Zophika zopanda zomata zakhala zowonjezera kukhitchini padziko lonse lapansi. Zimapangitsa kuphika kukhala kosavuta komanso kumafuna mafuta ochepa, kumapangitsa kukhala kwabwino kwa iwo omwe akufuna kuphika zakudya zofewa. Komabe, zokhudzana ndi chitetezo chokhudzana ndi zophikira zopanda ndodo zakhala nkhani yokambirana kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kuopsa kwa Chemical Exposure

Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimadetsa nkhawa kwambiri ndi zophikira zopanda ndodo ndi mawonekedwe amankhwala omwe amabwera nawo. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zokutira zopanda ndodo zimatchedwa polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), yomwe imadziwika kuti Teflon. M'mbuyomu, zokutira za Teflon zinali ndi mankhwala otchedwa perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), omwe amalumikizidwa ndi zoopsa zingapo zaumoyo, kuphatikiza impso ndi chiwindi. Ngakhale kuti PFOA yachotsedwa pakupanga, padakali zodetsa nkhawa za kuopsa kogwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa zophika zopanda ndodo.

Nkhawa Zachilengedwe

Kupanga zokutira zopanda ndodo zakhala zikugwirizananso ndi zovuta zachilengedwe. Bungwe la Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) lili ndi pulogalamu yomwe cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito PFOA ndi mankhwala ena popanga zokutira zopanda ndodo. Makampani otsogola pakupanga zokutira zopanda ndodo asintha njira zawo zopangira kuti achotse zinthu zovulazazi.

Njira Zathanzi Zopanda Zophikira

Zophika zitsulo zotayira zakhala zodziwika bwino kwa zaka mazana ambiri. Ndi njira yachikhalidwe yophikira yomwe yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Zophikira zitsulo zotayira ndizolemera, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimasunga kutentha bwino ndipo ndi zabwino kuphika mbale zomwe zimafunika kutenthedwa. Ndibwinonso kukonzekera mbale zokazinga. Zophikira zitsulo zotayira ndizosavuta kusamalira ndipo zimatha kukhala kwa nthawi yayitali ngati mutazisamalira bwino. Ndi chisankho chabwino kwa anthu omwe akufuna kukwaniritsa mbale yophika pang'onopang'ono ndi kunja kwa crispy.

Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri

Zophika zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndizosankha zotchuka kwa ophika ndi ophika kunyumba chimodzimodzi. Ndi chisankho chabwino kwa anthu omwe akufuna kukwaniritsa mbale yapamwamba. Zophika zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndizosavuta kusamalira ndipo zimatha kukhala kwa nthawi yayitali ngati mutazisamalira bwino. Ndi chisankho chabwino kwa anthu omwe akufuna kukwaniritsa kunja kwa crispy mu mbale zawo. Zophika zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndizoyenera kukonza mbale zomwe zimafunika kuzikazinga kapena kuzimitsa.

Copper Cookware

Chophika chamkuwa ndichosankha chodziwika bwino kwa ophika ndi ophika kunyumba chimodzimodzi. Ndi chisankho chabwino kwa anthu omwe akufuna kukwaniritsa mbale yapamwamba. Chophika chophika chamkuwa chakonzedwa kuti chakudya chizikhala chotentha kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndi yabwino kwambiri pokonzekera mbale zomwe ziyenera kutenthedwa. Ndi chisankho chabwino kwa anthu omwe akufuna kukwaniritsa kunja kwa crispy mu mbale zawo. Chophika chophika chamkuwa ndi chosavuta kusamalira ndipo chikhoza kukhala kwa nthawi yayitali ngati mutachisamalira bwino.

Zinthu Zomwe Muyenera Kuzikumbukira Mukamagwiritsa Ntchito Zophika Zachikhalidwe

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zophika zachikhalidwe, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe muyenera kukumbukira kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwa chophika ndikupeza zotsatira zabwino:

• Samalani poyanika zophikira kuti zisachite dzimbiri.
• Gwiritsani ntchito zophikira zazikulu zoyenera pa mbale yomwe mukukonzekera.
• Pang'onopang'ono onjezerani kutentha kuti musawononge zophika.
• Zophikira zopepuka zimathandizira kunyamula mosavuta komanso ndizoyenera mbale zosalimba.
• Sungani zophikira nthawi zonse kuti zitsimikizire kuti zimatenga nthawi yayitali.

Chifukwa Chiyani Muyenera Kusankha Zophika Zachikhalidwe Pazophika Zopanda Zopanda?

Ngakhale zophika zopanda ndodo ndizodziwika bwino kwa anthu ambiri, pali zifukwa zomwe zophikira zachikhalidwe zimakhala zabwinoko:

• Zophika zachikhalidwe zilibe mankhwala, mosiyana ndi zophikira zopanda ndodo zomwe zimakutidwa ndi mankhwala oopsa monga PTFE ndi PFOA zomwe zimatha kuyambitsa thanzi zikatenthedwa.
• Zophika zachikhalidwe zimathandizira kuti pakhale chakudya chophikidwa pang'onopang'ono chokhala ndi crispy kunja, pomwe zophika zopanda ndodo sizinapangidwe kuti ziphike pang'onopang'ono.
• Zophika zachikhalidwe ndizosavuta kuzisamalira ndipo zimatha kukhala kwa nthawi yayitali ngati mutazisamalira bwino, pomwe zophika zopanda ndodo zimafunikira kusinthidwa pafupipafupi.
• Zophikira zachikhalidwe ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zilipo zomwe zingakuthandizeni kupeza zophikira zoyenera pazosowa zanu, pomwe zophika zopanda ndodo nthawi zambiri zimangokhala zamitundu yochepa chabe.
• Zophika zachikhalidwe ndizosankha bwino chilengedwe chifukwa kupanga kwake ndikwachilengedwe, mosiyana ndi zophika zopanda ndodo zomwe zimafuna kuti mafakitale apangidwe.

Kutsiliza

Kotero, ndizomwe zokutira zopanda ndodo zili. Zophika zopanda ndodo ndi zabwino kuphika popanda mafuta owonjezera, ndipo zokutira zopanda ndodo zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuyeretsa. Mukungoyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti simukuwotcha kwambiri komanso musagwiritse ntchito ziwiya zowononga. Mutha kuchita izi ndi bukhuli!

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Maphikidwe apabanja a Bitemybun okhala ndi zokonzera chakudya chokwanira komanso kalozera wazophika.

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Joost Nusselder, yemwe anayambitsa Bite My Bun ndi wotsatsa, bambo ndipo amakonda kuyesa chakudya chatsopano ndi zakudya zaku Japan pamtima pa chilakolako chake, ndipo limodzi ndi gulu lake akhala akupanga zolemba zakuya za blog kuyambira 2016 kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi maphikidwe ndi nsonga zophika.