Soups dzeJapanese | Soup tsika uye akasiyana marudzi esobho
Sopu inowanzo chikafu chemvura, inowanzo kupihwa inodziya (asi inogona kutonhorera kana kutonhora), iyo inogadzirwa nekubatanidza zvigadzirwa senge nyama nemiriwo ine stock, muto, mvura, kana imwe mvura.
Hot soups inowedzerwazve nekuvirisa yakasimba zvigadzirwa mune zvinwiwa muhari kusvikira zvinwiwa zvabviswa, zvichigadzira muto.
Pachinyakare, masupu anoiswa muzvikamu zvikuru zviviri: masupu akajeka uye muto wakakora.
Masupu ane nzvimbo yakakosha pakati pezvikafu zveJapan.
Kubva kuzvikafu zvakabikwa kumba kuenda kumaseti e teishoku (chikafu chema-kosi mazhinji chakapihwa ese kamwechete) chinopihwa kumaresitorendi, vanhu veJapan vanotevedzera tsika yavo-inokudzwa yenguva inozivikanwa seichiju issai ("muto mumwe, rumwe rutivi") uye ichiju sansai ("imwe muto, mativi matatu ”), iyo yakavakirwa pamisimboti yekudya zvine mwero.
Mukugadzirira chikafu, izvi zvinoshandurwa kuenda kuJapan chimiro cheupfu chakasarudzika panofanirwa kuve nembiya yemupunga, muto wekuwedzera kuravira kumupunga, uye chero 1 kana matatu madiki madhishi akagadzikwa patafura kuti uwane chikuru hutano hwakaringana.
Iyi itsika Japanese breakfast nemiso soup, mupunga, uye mativi matatu:
Mazhinji masobho eJapan anogadzirwa nemidziyo mishoma uye haasi akawandisa; zvisinei, ese mabikirwo esobho muJapan ane dashi stock mukati mawo.
Inowedzera iyo inonaka (umami) kune yega yega uye yega muto kana dhishi uye mashefu anogadzira yega yega yekubheka iyo inoratidza mafafitera emwaka.
Kune angangoita makumi matatu nemana marudzi akasiyana emasobho eJapan, stews, uye nabe, uye kudzidza kwezvinhu izvi kunoita kuti iwe ude kuedza kuzvibika iwe wega kuti ungoja yega yega kuti ufare.
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Masobho eAsia Ane Akasiyana Zvakasiyana Munyika
Kana iwe ukaenda nechikafu uchitsvaga muAsia, ipapo uchawana dzinenge dzese dzinoravira huru uye avo vane dashi mavari vanofira.
Mhando dzakasiyana dzemashupu eAsia dzinosiyana nyika nenyika, asi zviri zvechokwadi zvakawanda - kupfuura zvaunogona kuteedzera muzuva rimwe. Izvo zvakapusa kugadzirira uye zvakasarudzika mumavhenekeri avo zvekuti iwe unoshandisa hafu yezororo rako uchiita chikafu kana muto kutenga.
Pakati pezvakanyanya kunaka zvinosanganisira Tom Yam Kung (Thai Hot uye Sour Soup ine Shrimp), Chinese Napa Cabbage Soup, uye Japan chaiyo Miso Soup.
Iyo inozivikanwa zvakare se "suimono." Iwe unogona kushandisa iwo hwaro zvakare, asi vanhu vazhinji vanosarudza chete iri nyore muto mutsauko.
Kana iwe ukachishongedza nesipinashi mashizha uye shrimps, ipapo dashi stock uye iyo yakazara flavour yezvokudya zvegungwa nemiriwo zvinowedzera kuravira kwesobho zvakanyanya.
Masobho eJapan akagadzirirwa kukurudzira matapira ako ekugashira uye kwete kugutsa dumbu rako, asi kudya mbiya kana maviri emupunga nawo chikafu chakaringana chinokugonesa kusvika zuva rese.
The nabe yaki udon inopesana nemiso soup nekuti ine zvimwe zvakawanda zvinongedzo uye inonaka zvakare.
Kune anopfuura zana nemakumi masere eAsia masobho iwe aunogona kuyedza uye angangoita ese anonaka kwazvo!
Iyo 4 Yekutanga Sobho Inotengesa muJapan
Kudzokera kuchikafu chekuJapan chikafu ichiju issai uye ichiju sansei, kune mana akaisirwa masosi ekutanga masheya anosiiwa nemubiki wekuJapan wese mukubika kwavo kwese.
Kwavari, chikafu chakaringana hachina kukwana pasina chero e4 muto masokisi, ayo anosanganisira miso soup, iyo tonjiru (nyama yenguruve-miso soup), nyama-mbatatisi muto, uye mupunga wemuriwo muto.
Haisi chete aya masosi masokisi anonaka sezvo ese akagadzirwa nedashi, asi ane hutano chaizvo zvakare!
Pazasi iwe unowana iyo 4 yekutanga sosi masheya anoshandiswa neveJapan chefs kwezviuru zvemakore:
miso soup
Mhando yakasarudzika yemiso soup (み そ し る) inosanganisira tofu zvikwere, gungwa regungwa, uye muto wesobho unonzi だ し (dashi), asi kune akawanda marudzi akasiyana emasobho muJapan.
Iyi kunyange iri dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa sosi yemidziyo yeimwe madhishi.
Iyo dashi inogona kubviswa kubva kune yakaomeswa kelp, hove, kana hohwa nekusanganisa uye / kana kuimimina nemvura.
Icho chinhu chakajairwa kuona ndiro yemupunga yakapihwa pamwe chete nesso miso. Miso soup inozivikanwa kwazvo muAsia zvekuti unogona kuiwana ichitengeswa muzvitoro zviri nyore nenzira yepeta.
Donhedza miso unamate mumvura irikufashaira uye mumaminetsi mashoma inozova miso sopu kana kungojeka miso muto, asi iwe unogona kuwedzera zvimwe zvinoshandiswa kwairi kana uchida.
Nguruve-Miso Soup (Tonjiru)
Tonjiru (と ん じ る) inonziwo butajiru kana muto wenguruve (ぶ た じ る) inguruve, muriwo uye miso unama muto.
Pakati pemidziyo yemuriwo yemuto uyu pane hanyanisi hanyanisi, karoti, hanyanisi dzakachekwa, uye nzvimbo dzemazamu. Chidimbu chakasarudzika che nyama yenguruve yakatetepa, saka inogona kutora iyo yekuravira kana miso soup.
Mushure memaminitsi mashanu kusvika gumi iwe unogona kuwedzera zvidimbu zvenguruve kune tonjiru sechinhu che nyama kune kamukira.
Iyi inzira huru yekuita kuti tonjiru inakidze kunyange zvirinani uye unogona zvakare kutenga iyo tonjiru kana butajiru mune aruminiyamu mapake muzvitoro zvakawanda zviri nyore muJapan zvakare.
Nyama-Potato Soup
Iyo nyama-mbatatisi muto (い も に) ndeimwe yekutanga muto muto unoshandiswa muJapan cuisines zuva nezuva. Chikamu che "nyama" cheresipi iyi chingasanganisira chero nyama senyama yenguruve, nyama yemombe, huku, hove, kana nyama yegungwa.
Icho chikafu chakakurumbira chinoshumirwa panze uye chine zvimwe zvakakosha zveiyo soy muto uye shuga.
Izvo zvinosanganisa zvinogona kusanganisira miso paste, karoti, kabichi, howa, tofu, nyama yemombe, uye yakatetepa nyama yenguruve; zvisinei, zvinosiyana kubva kudunhu kuenda kudunhu asi iwe unogona kugara uchitaura kana iri nyama-mbatatisi muto nekuti ine miso yekunamatira uye nyama mairi.
Iyi sosi yakajairika mukati memwedzi yekuvhuvhu (funga iwe, maJapan vanogadzika ndiro yavo mumwaka) uye, sezvineiwo, vashanyi vanouya kuYamagata Prefecture kungoedza nyama-mbatatisi muto, unozivikanwa munzvimbo iyoyo. .
Mupunga-Muriwo Sopu
Chekupedzisira, sadza remupunga-yemuriwo (ぞ う す い) inogadzira muto wechina mune ino runyorwa uye yakakosha kune chimiro cheJapan chekudya.
Iyo yakajairika mupunga-yemuriwo sosi ndeye iyo ine huku mune zvigadzirwa zvayo, asi kune mhando dzakasiyana dzeiyi muto muJapan.
Iwe unofanirwa kubika mupunga mune mupunga wekubika (seimwe yeaya epamusoro mapeki ekubika atakaongorora) kutanga usati wawedzera kune iyo dashi, howa, radish, gungwa uye girini hanyanisi.
Kunyangwe zvaro zvekurapa zvataurwa nezvekurapa dzihwa uye kurwara zvisina kubvumidzwa neJapan's Pharmaceuticals uye Medical Devices Agency (独立 行政 法人 医 薬 品 医療 機器 総 合 機構), vanhu vazhinji vanoti inogona kurapa dzihwa nefuruwenza.
Iyo inowanzo kudyiwa mukati memazuva anotonhora uye anotonhora sezvo ichidziisa mudumbu nemuviri wese zvakare.
Nei maAsia, Kunyanya Vanhu veJapan, Vanoda Masobho
Soups uye porridges anga aripo kubva pakaonekwa murume weCro Magnon paPasi uye pamwe vanhu vanobva pamberi peUpper Paleolithic Era, yaive makore makumi mana emakore apfuura, pamwe vakadyawo imwe mhando yemuto zvakare.
Neimwe nzira chikonzero chekudya ichi chikafu chinoratidzika kunge chakafanana kumakondinendi netsika - kuchengetedza muviri kudziya kubva kunzvimbo inotonhora.
Kunyangwe masobho aine zvakawanda zvekudya zvine hutano zvaisambofungidzirwa nevanhu vakazvigadzira kusvikira zvino.
Vanhu veAsia vanoita kunge vanofarira kudya masobho kupfuura chero vamwe vanhu pasi rese uye kune anopfuura gumi nemaviri marudzi emasobho kuratidza izvozvo!
Tinogona kusamboziva chikonzero chaicho nei maAsia vachida masobho zvakanyanya, asi pamwe chikonzero ndechekuti zvinonaka uye zvine hutano.
Ese anozivikanwa Masobho eJapan uye Stews
Sopu chinonyanya chikafu chemvura, chinowanzopihwa kudziya kana kupisa (asi chingave chinotonhorera kana kutonhora), icho chinoitwa nekubatanidza zvinoumba nyama kana miriwo ine stock, kana mvura.
Pamusoro pezvo, svutugadzike inopisa inogadzirwa nekubika zvinhu zvakaomarara mupoto kuitira kuti vabvise zvinwiwa kubva kwavari zvinozova muto. Apa ndipo panobva kuravira kwesobho uye ndicho chikonzero nei kuchidhakwa kunonaka.
MuJapan, ivo vanogadzira dashi kutanga kuitira kuti vawane kunhuwirira kunonaka kunonzi umami, uyezve vanowedzera dashi kune muto, izvo zvinowedzera kuwedzera kuravira kwaro.
Dzimwe nguva zvinonetsa kusiyanisa masobho uye stews sezvaanenge akafanana; zvisinei, masobho anogadzirwa neakawanda mvura (muto) mavari kana achienzaniswa nesviro.
Pazasi iwe unowana ese marudzi ese echiJapan soups uye stews akaiswa muzvikamu zvina zvinova muto (しるもの shirumono), noodle muto (めんつゆ men tsuyu), stew (煮物 chikafu chakabikwa kana シチュー shichū), nepoto inopisa (鍋物, なべ物 nabemono):
Chikamu I: Sobho (Shirumono)
Butajiru - (ブ タ ジ ル) inonziwo tonjiru, muto wakagadzirwa nenguruve, miriwo, uye miso paste.
Kunatsiridzwa kubva kune yakapusa yeJapan miso soup, iyo butajiru, kana tonjiru inosanganisa akasiyana siyana zvigadzirwa, kunyanya miriwo, iyo inosanganisira asi isina kuganhurirwa kune inotapira gobo midzi, taro midzi, makarotsi, uye daikon (echinyakare midzi miriwo).
Pamwoyo pebatojiru ndiyo dashi stock inoita kuti ive inonaka kwazvo!
Zvimwe zvinoshandiswa zvinosanganisira scallions, tofu, Tsangamidzi, uye gelatinous konnyaku; zvisinei, iwe unogona kugara uchisarudza yako wega misiyano yezvigadzirwa kuti ukwane zvaunofarira nebutetajiru.
Zvese zvinoshandiswa zvinochekwa zvakapetwa uye zvakatemwa kuitira kuve nechokwadi nekukurumidza uye nyore kugadzirira.
Kunyangwe hazvo panotangira iyo butajiru ingori nyore miso muto, inova yakasarudzika mhando yemuto kamwechete iyo inonaka yenguruve nemiriwo inonhuhwirira yakawedzerwa mumusanganiswa.
Iyo butajiru inoratidzirwa nemavara akaomesesa uye akapfava uye inowanzo shumirwa inodziya (kurwisa mwaka unotonhora wechando), kazhinji ichiperekedzwa nemupunga wakachena.
dashi - (だ し) muto kana muto muto unowanzo shandiswa mune angangoita ese maJapanese chikafu.
Uyewo verenga: iyi katsuobushi, hove dzakaomeswa dzinoshandiswa mudashi
Ndimi dzedu dzakasarudzika kune umami flavour ndosaka chikafu chakasimba, chakanyanya kunakirwa, kunyanya kana chakabatanidzwa pamwechete chinogona kupa hwakawanda hwakanyanya kunaka.
Dashi ndechimwe chezvinhu zvishanu zvekutanga (zvinotapira, zvinovava, zvinovava, zvinoyevedza / umami uye zvine munyu) izvo zvatinogamuchira zvinogamuchira zvakanyanya, ndosaka zvichikwezva isu vanhu.
Dashi rinotorwa kubva kune chero eaya zvinhu zvina:
- Kombu (rudzi rwegungwa kana kelp)
- Shitake Mushroom
- Bonito (hama yemackerel tuna hama)
- Iriko (sardines kana anchovies)
Iko dashi stock yakawanikwa uye yakashandiswa kweanopfuura makore mazana masere ikozvino uye kunyangwe mumaresitorendi ekuMadokero, vafundisi vane hunyanzvi vanoziva kugona kwayo kwekusimudzira pfungwa yevaenzi yekuravira uye kuishandisa mune imwe yemidziyo yavo.
Chinotapira Chibage Porridge Soup - inonzi zvakare chibage potage (コ ー ン ポ タ ー ジ ュ) chiFrench-chakakanganiswa chiJapan muto wechibage wakapfuma, unotapira uye wakasviba-wakatsetseka.
Yakagadzirwa neinotapira chibage, hanyanisi, bota, mbatatisi, mukaka, munyu, parsley, uye sangweji chingwa chinotorwa kubva yōshoku (洋 食), kana chikafu chekumadokero -chikafu, kunyanya muto wechibage wechiFrench.
Yakagamuchirwa muchikafu cheJapan panguva yeMeiji Era (1868 - 1912) uye yanga ichidaidzwa kunzi chibage kubva ipapo.
Kasujiru - (郷土料理も がたり) soup iyi inogona kugadzirwa nehove (salmon kana yellowtail) kana yenguruve yakasanganiswa daikon, konjac, aburaage (yakaonda yakadzika-yakakangwa tofu), naganegi (yakareba green hanyanisi), dashi stock, miso paste, sake kasu kana sake lees (酒粕) uye karoti midzi yemuriwo.
Idya iyi inodziisa iwe kubva mukati nekunze! Imhaka yekuti ine nekuda kasu mairi, saka nehunyanzvi iwe haudi chero doro kuti ubatanidze muto uyu paunenge uchidya.
Kenchin Jiru - (郷 土 料理 も の が た り) dzimwe nguva chiperengo kenchin-jiru (rinoshandurwa kuti "chikafu cheko") isobho yemuriwo inozivikanwa muKamakura, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan inoshandisa midzi miriwo uye tofu sezvinhu zvayo zvikuru.
Vanhu vanowanzo taura nezvayo se kenchin chete uye kunyangwe iyo yechinyakare nzira ndeyekushandisa tofu nemidzi miriwo kuti uigadzirire, wakasununguka kuita misiyano mumidziyo pamwe nenzira dzekuigadzira zvinoenderana nerudzii rwunonaka rwaunoda. muto wekuunza.
Zvaitendwa nevagari vemo kuti muto uyu wakatanga muKenchō-ji, tembere (tembere yeChinese Zen) uye yakadzika midzi mu shippoku (桌 袱) chikafu - chiJapan-chiChinese fusion kana yakasanganiswa chikafu.
miso soup - (味噌 汁 misoshiru) muto wechiJapan wechivanhu une chitoro chinonzi "dashi" icho chakapfavisa miso pasita yakasanganiswa.
Miso soup inogona kugadzirirwa munzira dzakawanda uye musiyano wega wega zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemunhu pamwe nedunhu uye mwaka mabikirwo.
Iyo miso soup inorongedzwa pasi pe suimono (yakajeka muto) asi iwo maviri anogona kuve akazvimiririra kuzivikanwa. Zvakadaro, ivo vanochinjika mazuva ano.
Iyo miso sopu zvakare ine imwe yakakosha hunhu-kutsanangura flavour ingredient, inova miso uname.
Sokunge kuti dashi stock mune miso soup haina kukwana, handiti?
Iyo miso paste inogadzirwa kubva kune yakaviriswa soya iyo yakawedzerwa nemunyu uye fungus inozivikanwa seAspergillus Oryzae (kōjikin 麹 菌 muchiJapan), bhari, mupunga, nezvimwe zvinhu zvinowedzerwawo kunama, uye inogona kuve yakakamurwa kupinda tsvuku (akamiso), chena (shiromiso), kana yakavhenganiswa (awase).
Unogona kuwana yakawanda ye misiyano yemososo miso muJapan yese, zvinonyanya kukosha ndezvekusiyana kwedunhu senge Sendai miso soup kana Shinshū miso soup.
Noppe - (の っ ぺ い noppei, zvakare 濃 餅 kana 能 平) chinyakare chikafu chemuriwo icho vanhu vekuJapan vanofarira kudya.
Kunge madhishi mazhinji eJapan iyi zvakare inodaidzwa nemazita mazhinji mudunhu rega rega muJapan; zvisinei, mutsauko wakakurumbira wechikafu ichi ndeuyo wakagadzirwa muNiigata uyo unonzi unoshandurana noppe-jiru, noppei, kana kungoti noppe.
Nzira iyo noppe inogadzirwa ichakushamisa iwe nekuti izvo zvekubika zvesaiti zvakasara-pamusoro pemuriwo zvikamu zvakabikwa kana kuisirwa musamefuta mafuta.
Izvo zvinoshandiswa uye zvinomiririra zvinoshandiswa kugadzira dhizi rakasiyana mutaundi rega rega nenzvimbo, asi kazhinji, vanoshandisa zvakakangwa tofu, konjac, shitake howa, karoti, uye yam.
Zvese zvinoshandiswa zvinosanganiswa muhari yemvura kwemaminetsi akati wandei, ipapo soy muto, munyu, uye starch zvinowedzerwa mumusanganiswa seanosimbisa mamirendi.
Noppe inogona zvakare kusanganisira hove uye nyama muzvinhu zvayo kuti uwane mamwe marondedzero.
Iyo noppe inonyanya kudyiwa mudunhu reNiigata, kunyanya panguva yekupemberera Gore Idzva, mitambo, uye mhemberero dzeBuddhist.
Ohaw - (オ ハ ウ) inonziwo rur uye yakagadzirwa nevekuchamhembe kweAinu vanhu vekuJapan isobho inonaka yakasanganiswa nehove kana mapfupa emhuka ari echikamu che suimono (clear soups).
Kelp ndechimwe chinwiwa chinogadzirisa chinogadzirwa cheiyi stock kuitira kuti isimbe.
Vanhu vekwaAinu vekuchamhembe kweJapan vanoonekwa sevamhanyi vekare vaigara muJapan nguva yaVose isati yasvika uye vane tsika dzakasiyana nevekuJapan mumaTokyo kana mamwe matunhu epasi. \
Saka hazvishamise kuziva kuti ivo havashandise soy muto kana miso kana dashi stock mune ohaw muto.
Ivo vangori akawanda ezvirimwa semiti inodyiwa yemusango, miriwo, hove, uye nyama yakanangana nesobho painenge ichigadzirwa uye kugadzira umami stock kubva kwavari.
Suimono - (す い も の) imvura inozipa (muto) inogadzirwa nemiriwo, nyama, kana mapfupa-anopinza mvura nekumedzesa zvinhu zvakasimba mumvura irikufashaira.
Iri zvakare izita rakajairika rinoshandiswa nemaJapan kutsanangura echinyakare masobho akajeka kana kupenya muvara.
Unogona kuidya sezvairi; zvisinei, inowanzo shandiswa se stock kugadzira masobho, ma gravies uye sauces.
Ushiojiru - (ウ シ オ ジ ル) inozivikanwawo seHamaguri Ushio-jiru (Bvisa Clam Soup) muto wakagadzirwa nemuto wakajeka uye marunda.
Hamaguri (蛤) zvinoreva "zvakaomarara zvakaomarara" uye jiru sezvatakambokurukura pakutanga zvinoreva "muto."
Izvo zvinhu zvikuru zveiyo ushiojiru zvinosanganisira zvidimbu zvidiki, kombu, mvura, munyu, parsley, cilantro, kana mitsuba, uye zest yemonimu.
Torijiru - (ト リ ジ ル) svutugadzike yehuku muJapan inonzi torijiru.
Kugadzirira torijiru kunotanga nekugadzira iyo dashi kana kuitenga kubva kugirosa.
Ivo havaviridze huku sezvinoita vekuMadokero nekuti zvakaoma kutenga huku yese muzvitoro zveJapan.
Kana dashi rave kugadzirira, rinodururwa muhari pamwe chete nemabhonzo enyama ehuku asina nyama.
Mvura inotenderwa kuvira uyezve miriwo yakaita setaro mudzi, mbatatisi, howa, welsh onion, konnyaku, burdock, karoti, uye daikon radish zvichawedzerwa.
Nguva pfupi muto wehuku usati wagadzirira mhando dzakasiyana dzemwaka dzinowedzerwa kwairi uye masitayiti echinyakare anoenderana nedunhu reJapan iro torijiru rakagadzirwa.
Inogona kunge iri miso-yakavakirwa muto kana soy muto-wakavakirwa.
Vhiniga, munyu, mirin, uye nekuda kunoshandiswa zvakare neiyo miso kana soy muto.
Iyo yenguruve-yakavakirwa muto (butajiru) inova analogue yeiyo torijiru inozivikanwa zvakare kupfuura muto wehuku.
Muto webhonzo (broth) unoshandiswa ramen soups yenoodle inowanzogadzirwa nemuto wehuku uye inoshandiswa munenge nguva yese kune iyo isinganyanyi kuwanika akasiyana ekotteri.
Zenzai - (ぜ ん ざ い) kana muto mutsvuku webhinzi une kirimochi (sweet rice cakes) mairi.
Chaizvoizvo chidhishi cheChinese chinonzi hong dou tang (紅豆汤) chakatorwa nevechiJapan kupinda muhunyanzvi hwavo hwekugadzirira.
MuOkinawa Prefecture, zenzai inoreva muto mutsvuku webhinzi unoshumirwa pamusoro pechando chakaveurwa nemocha.
Zōni - (雑 煮), kazhinji iine yekuremekedza "o-" seo-zōni, isobho yeJapan ine mochi mupunga makeke.
MaJapan anonyatsobatanidza chikafu ichi netsika yavo yeaschi chikafu chemhemberero uye mhemberero dzeGore Idzva.
Kugadzirira zōni kwakasiyana nedunhu uye imba, uye inoonekwa seyakanyanya kunaka yemidziyo kana ichidyiwa paZuva reGore Idzva.
Chikamu II: Noodle Soup
Champon - (ち ゃ ん ぽ ん) idhodhi yenyuchi iri chikafu chemudunhu reNagasaki, Japan.
Iyo champon pakutanga yaive chikafu cheChinese chakazogamuchirwa nemaJapan nemaKorea sezvo nyika dzese dziine shanduro dzakasiyana dzeChampon.
Mushoni isati yagadzirwa, combo muto wenguruve uye huku mapfupa anogadzirwa kutanga.
Ipapo zvidimbu zvenguruve zvakakangwa mumafuta pane mafuta, pamwe chete nezvikafu zvegungwa nemiriwo mugango rekutsvaira.
Kamwe izvo zvekutanga zvigadzirwa zvabikwa, combo muto unobva wadururwa mariri uye unozova champon.
Kunyanya kugadzirwa ramen noodles yemushoni inozowedzerwa uye kubikwa mupani imwechete kana poto (iwo maoodles haadi kubikirwa zvakasiyana sedzimwe ramen masuphu).
Sezvo ungatoziva kare, maJapan vanobika madhishi avo zvakasiyana mumwaka wega wega unouya; saka zvinoenderana nekuti kupi uye inguvai yegore iwe yauchadya champon, ichave iine akasiyana zvigadzirwa uye akasiyana manakiro.
Hotō - ((ほ う と う) Yamanashi yakakurumbira yechinyakare sosi yemudyo, hoto inogadzirwa nekutora musanganiswa wemuriwo uye udon ma noodles zvigadzirwa mune miso soup stock.
Kunyangwe hōtō inowanzozivikanwa senge musiyano weudon, vagari vemo havatore senge udon dhishi nekuti mukanyiwa unogadzirirwa musambo wemadomasi kwete maoodles.
Mune etymology yaro izwi rekuti "hoto" rinowanzo kuverengerwa nehakutaku (餺 飥), nyanzvi zhinji dzinotaridza kuti ndiyo euphony yehakutaku - iro zita rinopihwa hupfu hweudon kana hwokanya nekuchekwa.
Iko kune zvakare musiyano unonzi azuki bhinzi hoto (小豆 ぼ う と う azuki bōtō) iyo inoreva kune tsvuku bhinzi muto neōōō noodles yakawedzerwa panzvimbo yezvinyakare zvigadzirwa senge mochi kana shiratama.
Pakarepo Noodles - (イ ン ス タ ン ト ラ ー a a) mhando yemuto wesobho wakagadzirwa nemaJapan svutugadzike yekukurumidza kubika sadza pazvinodiwa, saka izwi rekuti "chiriporipocho" rakanamatira pazita rayo.
Iyo inowanzo gadzirwa mumafekitori, mashoma anogadzirwa, pre-yakabikwa uye yakaomeswa manood block, ine imwechete kana yakawanda yekupoda poda, mafuta ekumisikidza, uye mune dzimwe nguva, soy muto kana dashi inosanganisirwa mukati mehomwe.
Iko kunhuhwirira kunogona kuuya nenzira yechinhu chakaoma chehupfu, kana mafuta kana chero imwe mhando yemvura inonwiwa, kana musanganiswa weiyo 3.
Miriwo yakaomeswa inowedzerwawo pamwe ne shrimps dzakaomeswa dzakatemwa dzinova nyoro kana mvura inopisa yawedzerwa munoodle kana yakabikwa muhari.
Mukombe Noodles - (カ ッ プ ヌ ー ド ル) imhando yemaputi anongogadzirira kudya uye iwe unofanirwa kungoisa mvura inopisa nekusasa hupfu hwehupfu nemafuta kana dhashi pairi.
Chikwata chekutanga kurova pamusika chaive Nissin uye yaivewo kambani imwechete iyo yakagadzira kapu sosi kumashure muna 1971.
Chisimbiso chakazara noodle chakarongedzwa mumudziyo wekudya wekupupa, plastiki yakaoma kana kapu yemupepa.
Nguva pfupi yapfuura mamwe makambani atangisa avo mukombe zvigadzirwa zvemodhu uye kusvika parizvino vazhinji vacho vakabatsirwa kubva mukubudirira kweiyo pakarepo noodle indasitiri.
Iyo mukombe sosi yechigadzirwa kubva kuNissin yakurudzira mamwe makambani, kwete kuJapan chete asi kune dzimwe nyika zvakare, kukwikwidza nayo.
Vamwe vagadziri vakatoyedza kusiyanisa kwavo kugadzirira-kudya-kudya senge Maruchan's Instant Lunch.
Okinawa Soba - (沖 縄 そ ば) Okinawa soba rudzi rwemuto wesobho uye inzvimbo yekutengeserana yeOkinawa Noodle Manufacturing Co-op muOkinawa Prefecture, Japan.
VaOkinawans vanongodaidza kuti soba kana suba mumitauro yakasiyana siyana mudunhu, kunyangwe netsika dzechiJapan iro izwi rinoreva buckwheat noodles.
Iwo makobvu maoodles akagadzirwa negorosi anotaridzika kunge udon, nepo Okinawa Soba muto wakafanana zvakanyanya ne ramen.
Ramen - (拉 麺, ラ ー メ ン) chiJapan noodle soup yakatangira kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweChina uye inoshandurwa chaizvo ku "dhonza ma noodles" nekuda kwenzira yekuigadzira.
Nhasi ramen masobho ane zvigadzirwa zvakaoma sezvazviri vafudzi vechiJapane vemazuva ano vanowanzoda kuedza kuyedza mukugadzira ramen soups, asi zvimisikidzo zvepakati zvinoramba zvakafanana.
Ramen anotanga neChinese-style gorosi noodles yakabikwa pamwe chete nedashi stock, soy muto kana miso soup.
Iwo ekutanga matopping anowanzo sanganisira yakatemwa nyama yenguruve (chashu), yakaoma gungwa (nori), condiment yakaitwa kubva kuLacto-yakaviriswa mbichana nhungirwa (menma), uye scallions. Asi zvinogona kusiyanisa kubva kune yekubika kune yekubheka.
Inenge nzvimbo dzese muJapan dzine misiyano yadzo yemakondeni, senge tonkotsu (nyama yenguruve bone muto) ramen yeKyushu uye miso ramen yeHokkaido.
udon - (饂 飩, inowanzo kunyorwa se う ど ん) ndeimwe yemuto unowanzojairika muJapan uyo unogadzirwa neupfu negorosi uye une chitarisiko chakakora uye chakatsetseka.
Mune chimiro chayo chakareruka, inongoshandiswa seyakapisa uye isina muto muto unonzi Kake udon, wakasanganiswa nemuto mutete-unonaka unonzi kakejiru, uyo unogadzirwa nemirin, muto we soy, uye dashi.
Izvo zvinokandwa zveiyo yakaoma yakaoma udon muto inogona kusanganisira scallions, yakavhenganiswa tempura fritter (kazhinji inogadzirwa nemaprawn) anonzi kakiage, aburaage (yakadzika-yakaomeswa tofu homwe yakarongedzwa neshuga, mirin, uye soy muto).
Kitsune udon inongova imwe yemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzeudon uye kune kunyange inokurudzira-yakakangwa (yakaomeswa) udon mapeji zvakare!
Idzi ndiro dzeJapan dzinonaka uye ndedzechivanhu, zviongorore kana iwe uine mukana
Chikamu III: Stew (Nimono)
Cream Stew - (ク リ ー ム シ チ ュ ー) chikafu chinozivikanwa cheJapan yoshoku (Western-ineshuwa) chikafu icho chakakweretwa kubva kune zvekunze zvikafu zvine nyama (kazhinji nyama yenguruve kana huku) yakasanganiswa nekabichi, mbatatisi, karoti, uye hanyanisi, uye inobikwa mu gobvu chena roux.
Gyusuji Nikomi kana Motsu Nikomi - (牛筋 煮 込 み) beef tendon stew kana (も つ 煮 込 み) yakabikwa nyama yenguruve matumbu kirasi yeJapan inonaka sosi iyo inowanzoshandisa mombe mitezo kugadzira chikafu.
Yenyuchi tendon inogona kunge isiri chinhu chakajairika mutsika dzekuMadokero, asi inodiwa nekuda kwayo kwoumbozha magadzirirwo uye hutano mabhenefiti muJapan uye mazhinji maAsia chikafu.
Uyewo verenga: iyi miso nikomi, muto wakakwana unonaka
Nikujaga - (肉 じ ゃ が) idhishi reJapan rakagadzirwa kubva munyama, mbatatisi uye hanyanisi zvakabikwa muto muto wesoya, kana dzimwe nguva neino konnyaku nemiriwo.
Inopfuura hafu yezvimisikidzo zveiyo nikujaga mbatatisi nenyama iri kungoshandiswa sechinhu chinonaka (chakabikwa kunge muto).
Zosui - (雑 炊, kureva "zvakasiyana-siyana kubika"), kana ojiya (お じ や), mupunga-mazai-miriwo muto unozivikanwa muJapan nekupfava zvinyoro uye zvakapfava zvigadzirwa.
Iyo inogadzirwa nekubika mupunga mune mupunga wekubika kutanga uye yakarungwa nemiso kana soy muto, ipapo mupunga wakabikwa unosanganiswa nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa semuriwo, howa, hove dzegungwa, uye imwe nyama muhari yemvura.
Iyo inowanzo kupihwa kune vanhu vane dzihwa uye dzihwa kana vasinganzwe mushe uye inowanzo shandirwa chete munguva yechando (ndiyo imwe yeaya emwaka-akavakirwa mashupu).
Chikamu IV: Poto Inopisa (Nabemono)
Chankonabe - (ち ゃ ん こ 鍋) ndechimwe chakakurumbira chikafu cheJapan icho chinonzi nabemono (hari imwe chete-inosanganisira dhishi) kazhinji chinodikanwa chevarwi sumo pavanenge vachichidya muhuwandu hwakawanda kuti vawedzere uremu nekukurumidza.
Ichi chikafu hachina chinotsanangurwa chinongedzo rondedzero uye mabikirwo anogona kusiyana zvichienderana nedunhu uye kuti shefu anoda kugadzira dhishi sei.
Asi zvakajairika inyama yekudya zvine mapuroteni mazhinji, dashi, miriwo, miriwo, zvinonhuwira, hove dzegungwa, nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa.
Fugu Chiri - (て っ ち り) ndicho chakakurumbira chikafu cheJapan chinozivikanwa nechikumbiro chayo chine njodzi, icho chinonziwo tetchiri uye chakagadzirirwa munzira yekupisa; fugu chiri chinonyanya kukosha ndeye fugu hove kana iyo ine huturu kwazvo pufferfish yakabikwa nemaeek, howa, uye kabichi.
Inobikwa nemuto kana dhashi uyezve zvikamu zvehove (zvine imwe kana yakawanda yehupfu) zvinotorwa, zvonyikwa mumuto wesoya, zvobva zvadyiwa.
Vanenge vanhu makumi mana nevashanu vanofa gore rega rega muJapan kubva kune fugu muchetura uye, chokwadi, hurumende yeJapan yakarambidza kudya ndiro iyi.
Iyo fugu chiri ban zvakare yakagadzira chinamato semhedzisiro.
Harihari-Nabe - (は り は り 鍋) rudzi rwe nabemono (hotpot recipe) ine minke whale nyama uye mizuna (chiJapanese mustard greens, kana dandemutande mustard).
Ndiro iri kunyanya kufarirwa munzvimbo yeOsaka metropolitan mudunhu reKansai muJapan.
Zita rendiro rakanyatso kubva musindo rinoitwa kana uchitsenga mizuna.
Imoni - (芋 煮) idhishi yemwaka (inowanzo kudyiwa mukati memwaka wekuvhuvhu) iyo inogadzirwa nemidzi taro uye nyama (kazhinji nyama yemombe) yakabikwa nesso miso uye inozivikanwa mudunhu reTohoku muJapan.
Kiritanpo - (き り た ん ぽ) idya inozivikanwa inofungidzirwa kuti yakabva kuAkita Prefecture, Japan.
Kiritanpo inogadzirwa nekupwanya mupunga uchangobva kubikwa uye wozogadzirwa kuita masirinda akakomberedza skewers uye akachekwa pamusoro penzvimbo yakavhurika.
Kana ikangobikwa, inogona kushandiswa semadomasi kune chero mhando yemuto, kana kudyiwa neinotapira miso soup.
Motsunabe - (も つ 鍋) ndeimwe yemhando dzakasiyana dzeanemeno (hotpot) chikafu chinodiwa neJapan chine dashi soup stock, soy muto, miriwo, uye nyama yemombe kana nyama yenguruve kana chimwe chisipo.
Ichi chikafu chakakosha chine matumbu zvikamu zvemhando dzakasiyana dzenyama dzinoshanda sechinhu chikuru uye sosi yekuravira.
Iyo inobikwa mune ingangove yekubika hari kana yakakosha nabe poto.
oden - (お で ん) ndeimwe mhando yenabemono yakazadzwa nezvakawanda zvinogadzirwa zvinosanganisira zvakagadzirwa zvehove, konjac, daikon, uye mazai akabikwa, ayo anobikwa nedashi muto uye zvishoma sosi muto.
Mazuva ano iwe unogona kuwana oden iri kutengeswa muzvitoro zvekudya kana muzvitoro, asi zvimwe izakayas (rudzi rweasina kurongeka maJapan pub) vanoishandira zvakare!
Kune zvakare oden maresitorendi muJapan, kunyangwe asina kuwanda semaresitorendi anozivikanwa se hibachi uye teppanyaki maresitorendi.
Shabu-shabu - (し ゃ ぶ し ゃ ぶ ぶ) inozivikanwa nabemono muJapan nekuda kwemidziyo yayo yakapfuma inosanganisira nyama yakatetepa-siyana uye miriwo yakasiyana-siyana inosanganiswa nemvura uye inoshumirwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzedipu zvakare.
Shabu-shabu iri onomatopoeic kune ruzha urwo zvigadzirwa zvinogadzira mukati me nabe kana zvasanganiswa kana kumutswa.
Chikafu ichi chakabikwa chinhu chimwe chete panguva uye chinowanzoitwa pamberi pevashanyi paresitorendi-shabu.
Iwe uchaona kuti akawanda mareshibhu-shabu maresitorendi muJapan anoshandisa akachekwa-akachekwa nyama yemombe kune ichi chikafu; zvisinei, pane shanduro apo huku, nyama yenguruve, dhadha, gwayana, gakanje, kana hove dzinoshandiswa.
Ribeye steak inowanzo kuve yakasarudzika nyama mhando, asi zvishoma zvinyoro kucheka, senge yepamusoro sirloin uye zvakafanana kucheka zvinowanzo shandiswa mune shabu-shabu dhishi zvakare!
Imwe nyama inodhura, senge wagyu, inogona zvakare kushandiswa.
Uine nyama yepamusoro yakatemwa senge wagyu iri kushandiswa, unogona kuvimbiswa kuti miriwo yakabikwa nayo munabono iri yepasi rose zvakare.
Izvi zvinosanganisira enokitake howa, shiitake howa, karoti, hanyanisi, nori (zvinodyiwa zvegungwa), chrysanthemum mashizha, uye Chinese kabichi.
Sukiyaki - (鋤 焼, kana zvimwe zvinowanzoitwa す き 焼 き) idhishi yechiJapan inogadzirirwa uye ishandiswe muiyo nabemono (yeJapan inopisa poto) maitiro.
Iyi nabemono dhishi ine jam-yakazara nezvinhu zvinonaka senge miriwo, udon uye shiritaki manoodles, howa, tofu, mirin, soy muto, nekuda, shuga, dashi, nemimwe miriwo & nezvinonhuwira.
Iyo inobikwa nenzira imwecheteyo kune shabu-shabu nabemono, kunze kwekunge ichimedzeredzwa patafura muhari isina kudzika yesimbi.
Sukiyaki inodyiwa nekunyika zvinoshandiswa mumudziyo mudiki yemazai asina kubikwa, akarohwa kana angobikwa (mazai asina kubikwa akada kuita sosi yekudhibha yeiri dhishi).
Uyewo verenga: dzidza kugadzira sushi (gwaro rekutanga)
Tarisa bhuku redu idzva rekubika
Bitemybun's mhuri yekubika ine yakazara chikafu kuronga uye resipi gwara.
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Joost Nusselder, muvambi weBite My Bun mushambadzi wemukati, baba uye vanofarira kuyedza chikafu chitsva nechikafu cheJapan pamoyo pechishuwo chake, uye pamwe chete nechikwata chake anga achigadzira zvakadzama blog zvinyorwa kubvira 2016 kubatsira vakavimbika vaverengi nemaresipi uye matipi ekubika.