Asia Vegan-Hushamwari? Nhungamiro kuChina, Japan, uye Philippines

Author: Joost Nusselder, munyori weThe Essential Japanese meal planner cookbook Yakagadziriswa Nyamavhuvhu 3, 2022

Nhoroondo ye veganism muAsia yakareba uye yakaoma. Hazvisi zvechikafu chete, asiwo nezvechitendero.

Tsika ye kusadya nyama muAsia yakatangira kuZhou Dynasty muna 256 BCE apo yaionekwa semutambarakede inowanikwa kune vakapfuma chete. Kunyangwe kudyiwa kwenyama muChina yanhasi kwawedzera, ichiri kutorwa sechinhu chinonaka.

Mugwaro iri, ini ndinokutora iwe kuburikidza nenhoroondo yeveganism muAsia, kubva panguva yekare kusvika nhasi. Uyezve, ini ndichagovera zvimwe zvinonyanya kufarirwa vegan ndiro mudunhu.

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Iko Evolution yeVegetarianism uye Veganism muAsia: Kutarisa muNhoroondo uye Chitendero

• Vegetarianism uye miti kushandiswa kune nhoroondo yakareba muChina, kutangira kuZhou Dynasty (1046-256 BCE).
• Munguva iyi, kudyiwa kwenyama kwaionekwa sechinhu chepamusoro uye chaingowanikwa kune vakapfuma.
• Muitiro wekudya miriwo wakabatanidzwa netsitsi kumhuka uye vanhu zvakafanana.
• Shoko rekusadya miriwo muchiChinese, “sùshí,” rinoreva “chikafu chisina kujairika” uye rinosanganisira ndiro dzakagadzirwa nezviyo, miriwo, uye zvigadzirwa zvesoya.
• Zvisinei nekuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwenyama uye kudyiwa muChina yazvino, huwandu hwevanhu vanotevera kudya kwemuriwo kana vegan huchiri kukosha, nevanhu vanofungidzirwa kuti 50 miriyoni vanodzidzira miriwo uye 5 miriyoni kudzidzira veganism, inokwana 3 muzana yehuwandu.

Basa reChitendero muVeganism muAsia

• Chitendero chakaita basa rakakosha mukuita kweveganism muAsia, kunyanya munyika dzakaita seJapan neTaiwan.
• MuJapan, pfungwa yechiBuddha yekunzwira tsitsi kune zvese zvipenyu yakapesvedzera kusimuka kweveganism uye vegetarianism.
• Vanhu vazhinji vekuJapan vanotevera kudya kwezvirimwa kunonzi “shojin ryori,” uko kunowanzo kudyiwa mumatemberi echiBhudha uye kunosanganisira ndiro dzakagadzirwa nemuriwo, zviyo, nezvinogadzirwa nesoya.
• MuTaiwan, boka rechitendero rinozivikanwa se "I-Kuan Tao" rinokurudzira veganism senzira yekunzwira tsitsi kune zvipenyu zvose.
• Boka iri rine vateveri vakakosha muTaiwan uye rakatoenda kune dzimwe nyika dzakaita seUnited States.

Iyo Yakaoma Hukama pakati peVegetarianism uye Chitendero muAsia

• Kunyange zvazvo vegetarianism uye veganism zvinowanzobatanidzwa nechitendero muAsia, hukama huri pakati pezviviri hahusi hwakajeka nguva dzose.
• Munyika dzakaita seChina, uko kudyiwa kwenyama kuchiri kukwirisa, kusadya zvirimwa kunowanzoonekwa sesarudzo yehutano kana zvido zvemunhu kwete tsika yechitendero.
• Mukuwedzera, mamwe mapoka orudzidziso muAsia, savaTao muChina, anobatanidza chaizvoizvo nyama muzvokudya zvavo senzira yokudzikamisa simba reyin neyang mumuviri.
• Pasinei nekusiyana uku, kuwanikwa kwekudya kwezvirimwa muAsia kuri kuita kuti zvive nyore kuti vanhu vaite sarudzo yekutevera kudya kwemiriwo kana vegan, ingave yechitendero, hutano, kana zvikonzero zvezvakatipoteredza.

Kuongorora Vegan Scene muChina

China inyika yakakura ine nhoroondo refu yezvinomera uye veganism. Nekudaro, iyo pfungwa isiriyo yekuti Chinese cuisine ndeye zvese nezve nyama ndiro ichiri kutonga. Asi chokwadi ndechekuti kune akawanda ma vegan sarudzo dziripo muChina, uye nyika iri zvishoma nezvishoma asi zvechokwadi iri kuwedzera vegan-hushamwari. Heano mamwe mazano ekufunga:

• China ine huwandu hukuru hwevegans pasi rose, nevanhu vanosvika mamirioni makumi mashanu vanodya chikafu chezvirimwa.
• Musika wevegan muChina uri kukura nekukurumidza, nemakambani mazhinji ari kutanga kupa vegan zvigadzirwa. Mamwe emhando huru anosanganisira Lee Kum Kee, kambani yechinyakare yeChinese sosi, uye Vitasoy, mhando yemukaka wesoya.
• Kunyange zvingave zvakaoma kuwana zvigadzirwa zvevegan munzvimbo diki dzeChina, maguta makuru seBeijing, Shanghai, neHong Kong ari kuunganidza zvigadzirwa zvevegan nekukurumidza kupfuura nakare kose.
• Soy chikafu muChinese cuisine uye chave chichidyiwa kwezvizvarwa, zvichiita kuti ive yakanakira imwe nzira kune vegans. Maererano netsvagiridzo, kushandiswa kwesoya muChina kuri kusvika pakakwirira-nguva.
• Zvitoro zveChinese zviri kutanga kusanganisira zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvevegan, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kune vegans kutenga girosari.
• Maresitorendi eChinese ari kutangawo kupa mamwe madhishi evegan, uye mamwe maresitorendi ari kutotanga kuita hunyanzvi hwekudya vegan. Mamwe maresitorendi anozivikanwa evegan muChina anosanganisira Green Common, Pure & Whole, uye Veggie Tafura.
• Maitiro echitendero anoitawo basa mukuzivikanwa kweveganism muChina. ChiBuddha, chiTao, uye chiConfucius zvose zvine nhau refu yokusadya mirivo nenyama, uye ikoku kwakapesvedzera tsika yezvokudya muChina.
• Zvimwe zvinojairika vegan ndiro muChina zvinosanganisira miriwo inotapira uye yakavava, inomutsa-yakakangwa tofu, uye miriwo dumplings. Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti matunhu akasiyana muChina ane seti yavo yezvitaera uye ndiro, saka zvinogara zvichibatsira kuita tsvakiridzo kana kukumbira rubatsiro paunenge uchiedza kutsvaga vegan sarudzo.
• Kunyange chiri chokwadi kuti mamwe madhishi echiChinese ane zvigadzirwa zvemhuka, zviri nyore kuita shanduko uye kutsvaga zvinotsiva. Semuenzaniso, zai rinogona kutsiviwa ne tofu, uye nyama inogona kutsiviwa nehowa kana seitan.
• Zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti veganism inogona kunzi inodhura muChina, kunyanya kune avo vakajaira kudya nyama. Nekudaro, nekuwedzera kwekuzivikanwa kweveganism, mitengo iri kutanga kudzika.
• Pakazere, China iri zvishoma nezvishoma asi ichiwedzera kuva vegan-hushamwari, uye ruzhinji rwevanhu veChinese vakavhurika kuyedza zvinhu zvitsva. Saka kana iwe uchida kutanga yako vegan rwendo muChina, iwe unowana yakawanda yerubatsiro nerutsigiro munzira.

Kuongorora Vegan Scene muJapan

Kunyangwe iri nyika inozivikanwa nekuda kwayo chikafu chegungwa nenyama, Japan yave kunyatsoita vegan-hushamwari mumakore achangopfuura. Nepo chikafu chechinyakare cheJapan chichinyanya kuratidza hove, zai, uye nyama, nyika yatanga kugashira kudya kwezvirimwa uye veganism senzira inogoneka yehupenyu hune hutano.

Kusimuka kweVeganism muJapan

Kusimuka kweveganism muJapan kunogona kuteverwa kumashure kunguva yeEdo, iyo yakatanga muzana remakore rechi17. Munguva iyi, tsika yekudya miriwo yakatanga kufarirwa nemapoka ezvitendero. Zvisinei, yakanga isati yasvika gare gare muzana remakore rechi20 apo pfungwa yeveganism sezvatinoziva nhasi yakatanga kuwana traction. Muna Ndira wegore rino, Bazi reHutano reJapan, Basa, neWelfare rakaburitsa mushumo wesainzi pamusoro pezvakanakira hutano hwekudya kwevegan uye miriwo.

Zvokudya uye Zvigadzirwa

Kunyangwe chokwadi chekuti chikafu chechinyakare cheJapan hachina vegan-hushamwari, kuchine zvakawanda zvevegan ndiro dziripo muJapan. Hezvino zvimwe zvinhu zvekuchengeta mupfungwa kana uchiongorora iyo vegan chiitiko muJapan:

• Zvigadzirwa zveSoy zvinowanikwa zvakanyanya uye zvinowanzoshandiswa muJapan cuisine.
• Miso soup ndiro yakakurumbira ndiro inogona kugadzirwa vegan nekusiya kunze kwehove muto.
• Mupunga ndicho chinhu chinonyanya kukosha muJapan cuisine uye ine vegan-hushamwari.
• Miriwo inowanzoshandiswa mundiro dzeJapan uye inzvimbo huru yeprotein.
• Kusiyana nenyika dzekuMadokero, veganism haisati yave yakakurumbira pfungwa muJapan, saka zvingave zvakaoma kuwana vegan sarudzo mune mamwe maresitorendi kana misika.

Vegan-Hushamwari Zvigadzirwa uye Makambani

Kunyangwe zvipingamupinyi, kune mamwe ma-vegan-anoshamwaridzika mhando uye makambani muJapan akakodzera kutarisa:

• Natural House: Chikafu chekudya chehutano chinopa zvakasiyana siyana zvevegan zvigadzirwa.
• Vege Deli: A vegan chikafu chekuendesa sevhisi inopa dzakasiyana siyana vegan ndiro.
• T's Tantan: A vegan ramen cheni inopa dzakasiyana siyana vegan ramen ndiro.
• Daiya: Yakakurumbira vegan cheese brand inogona kuwanikwa mune mamwe masupamaketi eJapan.

Kuongorora iyo Vegan Scene muPhilippine

Iwe uri vegan kuronga kushanyira Philippines? Kana kuti iwe uri vegan yemunharaunda inoda kuongorora mamwe mavheji sarudzo munyika? Chero nzira, gwara iri richakubatsira iwe. Philippines inogona kunge isingazivikanwe senyika ine vegan-inoshamwaridzika, asi usazvidya moyo, sezvo kune akawanda vegan ndiro uye maresitorendi aunogona kuwana pano.

Philippines: Nyika Yemitauro Yakawanda neTsika

Philippines inyika ine mitauro yakasiyana-siyana netsika, uye izvi zvinoonekwa mukudya kwayo. Nepo nyika ichinyanya kuzivikanwa nemidziyo yenyama yechinyakare, kune zvakare akawanda ezvinomera uye vegan sarudzo dziripo. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti haisi ndiro dzose dzakanyorwa semuriwo kana vegan dzinogona kunge dzakazara vegan, saka nguva dzose zvakanaka kutarisa neresitorendi.

Vegan-Hushamwari Maguta muPhilippine

Heano mamwe maguta muPhilippine anozivikanwa kuve ane akawanda vegan sarudzo:

• Manila: Guta guru rePhilippines inzvimbo yakanaka yekutanga kuongorora vegan sarudzo. Kune akawanda maresitorendi evegan ari pakati peguta, uye akawanda maresitorendi anopa vegan sarudzo. Mamwe eakanakisa vegan maresitorendi muManila anosanganisira Green Bar, The Vegan Dinosaur, uye Iyo Mbeu Yakanaka.

• Cebu: Cebu nderimwe guta muPhilippine rine akawanda vegan sarudzo. Mamwe eakanakisa vegan maresitorendi muCebu anosanganisira Lun-haw Vegan Cafe, Iyo Yakanaka Sarudzo Cafe, uye Iyo Vegan Kitchen.

Delivery uye Takeout Sarudzo

Kana iwe uchitsvaga nekukurumidza uye nyore vegan sarudzo, kune akawanda ekutumira uye ekutora ekutora anowanikwa muPhilippine. Mamwe emhando dzakanakisa dzekutakura uye dzekutora dzinosanganisira:

• Inofara Veggie: Iri ibasa rekupa chikafu chevegan rinotsigira varimi venzvimbo uye rinoshandisa zvakasikwa uye zvitsva zvinongedzo.

• Iyo Vegan Grocer: Ichi chitoro chegirosari chepamhepo chinopa huwandu hwakasiyana hwezvigadzirwa zvevegan, zvinosanganisira zvibereko zvitsva, chikafu, uye vegan nyama dzimwe nzira.

Kutumbuka kweVeganism muKorea: Kutarisa muNhoroondo yeTsitsi uye Ruremekedzo kune Zvese Zvipenyu.

Mumakore achangopfuura, veganism yanga ichionekwa muKorea, nevakawanda vekuKorea vachizivisa sevegans kana vegetarian. Uku kutumbuka kwemararamiro evegan kunogona kuverengerwa kune akati wandei zvinhu, zvinosanganisira:

• Mhedzisiro yeNorth America neEuropean veganism maitiro
• Kusimuka kwevegan vanozivikanwa muKorea
• Kuwedzera kuwanikwa kwevegan restaurants uye zvitoro zvegirosari

Kupemberera Veganism muKorea Mhemberero

Mitambo yeKorea inopemberera akawanda maficha emararamiro evegan, ichipa mikana yedzidzo kune veko uye vashanyi zvakafanana. Mimwe yemitambo yakakurumbira inosanganisira:

• Mutambo weSeoul Veggie
• Mutambo weJeju Veggie
• Iyo Busan International Chikafu Expo

Demystifying Korean Cuisine yeVegans

Nepo chikafu chechinyakare cheKorea chisiri chevegan-chinoshamwaridzana, chikafu chemazuva ano cheKorea chakaenderana nekukwira kweveganism. Maresitorendi mazhinji emuno zvino anopa vegan sarudzo, uye vamwe vakatogadzira zvachose vegan menyu. Zvimwe zvakakurumbira vegan Korean ndiro dzinosanganisira:

• Bibimbap ne tofu panzvimbo yenyama
• Japchae nehowa panzvimbo yemombe
• Kimchi yakakangwa mupunga nevegan kimchi

Mukupedzisa, nhoroondo yeveganism muKorea yakadzika midzi mutsika yekare yenyika yekunzwira tsitsi nekuremekedza vanhu vese. Kunyangwe zvingave zvakatora nguva kuti mararamiro evegan awane mukurumbira, iko zvino yave tsika iri kutumbuka muKorea yazvino, ine vagari venzvimbo uye vashanyi vakawanda vachizvizivisa semavegans kana vanodya miriwo.

mhedziso

Saka, ndiwo maitirwo ezvinomera uye veganism zvine nhoroondo refu muAsia, uye kuti chitendero chakaita basa sei mukuita kuti ive yakakurumbira. 

Iri kukura maitiro, kunyanya muChina, uye inzira yakanaka yekutanga mararamiro ane hutano. Saka, usatya kuzviedza iwe pachako!

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Joost Nusselder, muvambi weBite My Bun mushambadzi wemukati, baba uye vanofarira kuyedza chikafu chitsva nechikafu cheJapan pamoyo pechishuwo chake, uye pamwe chete nechikwata chake anga achigadzira zvakadzama blog zvinyorwa kubvira 2016 kubatsira vakavimbika vaverengi nemaresipi uye matipi ekubika.