Izidlo ezi-9 zeNgingqi zaseJapan: Izitya zokutyikitya

umbhali: Joost Nusselder, umbhali we-Essential Japanese meal planner cookbook cookbook Ukuhlaziywa ngoFebhuwari 1, 2024

Ukutya kwengingqi yaseJapan (kyōdo ryōri 郷土料理) yahlulwe yaba yimimandla eyi-9 ephambili, nganye inezitya zayo zokutyikitya, izithako kunye nemveliso. Le mimandla yiHokkaido, Tohoku, Kanto, Chubu, Kansai, Chugoku, Shikoku, Kyushi naseOkinawa.

Imozulu kunye nomhlaba waseJapan wahluka kakhulu ukusuka kummandla ukuya kummandla, oku kuthetha ukuba ukulima kuyahluka, kwaye imfuyo kunye nokuvuna kunokwahluka kakhulu phakathi kweendawo. Oku kubangela ubuninzi bezithako ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ngoko ke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezitya.

Ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi, ummandla ngamnye unikela kwiimfuno zabo kwi-cuisine yaseJapan.

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1. IHokkaido ( 北海道 / ほっかいどう)

IHokkaido sesona siqithi sisemantla eJapan yaye, ngenxa yoko, ibanda kakhulu kunenkoliso yaseJapan.

Uninzi lwabemi baseHokkaido bahlala kwimimandla eselunxwemeni. Ngenxa yoko, ukutya kwaselwandle sisithako esibaluleke kakhulu kwizitya zengingqi zeHokkaido. I-shellfish efana noononkala ookumkani, oononkala abanoboya, i-urchins yolwandle, i-oyster kunye ne-scallops ezisuka kulo mmandla zithathwa njengezona zilungileyo zokutya zaselwandle zaseJapan.

Uya kuhlala ufumana ibhotolo kunye nekhrimu kuyo Izitya zeHokkaido, kuba lo mmandla ulikhaya leenkomo zobisi ezininzi eJapan. Amaqondo obushushu abandayo athetha ukuba ukufudumeza izitya ezifana neesuphu, iimbiza ezishushu kunye nenyama eyojiweyo zibalasele ebusika.

Izitya ezine zengingqi ezaziwa kakhulu yi-miso ramen (ingakumbi i-Sapporo ramen); UGenghis Khan: i-BBQ ephezulu yetafile kunye nemvana kunye nemifuno; i-salmon ene-miso kunye nemifuno, enokuthi i-stewed, i-grilled okanye i-stir-fried; kwaye ika sōmen, udidi lwesashimi eyenziwe ngeskwidi esikrwada esisikwe kakhulu.

2. Tohoku ( 東北 / とうほく)

Ummandla waseTohoku uyinxalenye esemantla esiqithi saseHonshu. Ineentaba, yaye uninzi lomhlaba olinywayo kulo mmandla ukwimimandla esemazantsi elizwe.

Ikwangummandla onobusika obubandayo, okwenza izitya ezishushu, ezishushu ebusika njengesuphu kunye neembiza ezishushu ezihlala zithandwa.

I-Tohoku ikwaziwa ngenani leendlela zokugcinwa kwemveli, ezivelisa ezinye izitya zengingqi ezizodwa, eziquka i-sasa kamaboko, iipatties zeentlanzi ezincinci ezigcadiweyo ukuze zigcinwe; kunye nekiritanpo, iikeyiki zerayisi ezicoliweyo eziqhotyiswe ngendlela efanayo.

Ezinye ezintathu izitya ezaziwayo-kakuhle zaseTohoku yi-senbei-jiru, isuphu esekelwe kwisoya kunye namaqebengwane erayisi kunye nemifuno; gyutan: ulwimi lwenkomo, nokuba yosiwe okanye eluhlaza; kunye nedondon-yaki, inguqu yengingqi ye-okonomiyaki.

3. Kanto ( 関東 / かんとう)

Ummandla waseKanto eJapan usembindini wesiqithi saseHonshu. Ibandakanya izixeko ezikhulu njengeTokyo kunye neYokohama kwaye yeyona ndawo iphuhliswe kakhulu kwaye inabantu abaninzi kwilizwe.

Ngenxa yobuninzi babantu, iingcambu zookhokho zihlala kwezinye iindawo zelizwe, I-Kanto cuisine yahluke kakhulu, ebandakanya izinto ezithandwayo zelizwe kunye nobuchule bendabuko.

Into eyaziwa kumazwe ngamazwe njenge-sushi eneneni luhlobo oluthile lwesushi ebizwa ngokuba yi-edo-mae-sushi, eyaqala eTokyo ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba.

Lo mmandla uyaziwa kakhulu ngezitya ezininzi ze-nabe (imbiza eshushu), kuquka i-yanagawa-nabe ene-burdock, kunye ne-dojo-nabe kunye ne-loach; kunye ne-pancake eyolisayo monja-yaki, into yokutya engathandekiyo evela kwizithili zabasebenzi zaseTokyo.

4. Chubu ( 中部 / ちゅうぶ)

IChubu ikwakwisiqithi saseHonshu, kumazantsi ommandla waseKanto, kumbindi weJapan. Ngummandla weentaba ohlala kuwo iNtaba iFuji.

The ukutya okuvela kwingingqi yaseChubu yaziwa njengeNagoya cuisine, emva kwesixeko esikhulu kule ndawo. Indawo esembindini yeChubu ithetha ukuba ibonakaliswe kakhulu kwimpembelelo evela kwamanye amazwe kwaye i-Nagoya cuisine ke ngoko yahluke kakhulu, ineempembelelo ezivela e-Itali, eTaiwan, eIndiya naseTshayina, phakathi kwabanye.

Nangona kunjalo, izithako ezininzi kunye nezitya zikwathathwe kwisithethe sasekuhlaleni, njengesosi ye-tamari, uhlobo lwesosi yesoya eyenziwe kulo mmandla, inkukhu yaseNagoya kunye ne-kochin, inkukhu edibeneyo evela kummandla, kunye ne-shrimp.

Izitya ezine eziphawulekayo ezivela kwingingqi yeChubu are tebasaki: amaphiko enkukhu kwisosi eswiti; Ijam yembotyi ye-ogura iphakanyiswe kwi-toast; kishimen, uhlobo lwe-udon noodle; kunye ne-toriwasa: i-sashimi yenkukhu evela kwi-kochin ekhethekileyo yaseNagoya.

5. Kansai ( 関西 , かんさい)

Ingingqi yeKansai ikwisiphelo esisemazantsi esiqithi saseHonshu kwaye ngummandla onabantu abaninzi onezixeko ezikhulu ezinembali, ezinjengeOsaka, Kyoto kunye neNara.

Ngomnye weyona mimandla idumileyo yokupheka eJapan, kwaye yaziwa kakhulu ngokutya kwayo ezitalatweni. Izitya ezininzi zibonisa i-kombu dashi; esi sithako sisetyenziswa kakhulu kwingingqi. Inyama yenkomo yeKobe nayo iphuma kule ndawo.

Ukutya okuluncuthu okuninzi kulo mmandla kudume kumazwe ngamazwe. iTakoyaki, iifritters zengwane eyosiweyo; I-pancake emnandi okonomiyaki; kunye ne-fugu, i-pufferfish enetyhefu zonke zaziwa kwihlabathi jikelele.

Ukongeza, kukho ezinye ezininzi izitya ezaziwayo ngaphakathi Kansai, kuquka i-yudofu, eyenziwe nge-silken tofu kunye ne-kombu dashi; futomaki, uhlobo lwesushi; kunye ne-chawanmushi, ikhastadi enencasa enedashi.

6. Chugoku ( 中国 / ちゅうごく)

Inxalenye esentshona yeSiqithi saseHonshu yiChugoku, eneendawo zasedolophini nezisemaphandleni, kuquka izixeko zaseHiroshima naseOkayama.

Ukutya kwaselwandle kudume kakhulu kulo mmandla, kukho iimbatyisi kunye ne-matsuba gani – oononkala bekhephu – ezixatyiswa kakhulu.

I-Hiroshima nayo inenguqulo yayo ye-pancake eyonwabileyo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-hiroshimayaki, apho imifuno, iqanda, ingulube iphekwe ngokwemigangatho, kunye nesiseko se-noodle.

Ezinye ezintathu izitya ezaziwayo-kakuhle ukusuka Chugoku yi-doto-nabe, ebonisa i-oyster, i-tofu kunye nemifuno kwi-miso broth; i-kanimeshi, i-stir-fry enoononkala bekhephu; kunye ne-izumo soba, i-soba noodles ezimnyama ezisuka kwindawo yasemaphandleni yaseShimana.

7. Shikoku ( 四国 / しこく)

Ilele emazantsi esiqithi saseHonshu, iShikoku sesona siqithi sincinci sesona siqithi saseJapan, kwaye sisona sincinci sinabantu.

Ummandla osemantla wesi siqithi uvelisa irayisi, ingqolowa nerhasi kunye neziqhamo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Eyona nto iphawuleka ngakumbi sisiqhamo se-sudachi citrus, esisuka kwindawo yaseTokushima. I-Sudachi idla ngokuxutywa kwaye yongezwa kwiitya zeentlanzi.

Ukuveliswa kwengqolowa kuye kwakhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kweSanuki udon noodles eyaziwayo. I-tuna ibuye ibe bubumnandi obukhethekileyo bommandla kunye neempawu kwiitya ezininzi. Eyona yaziwa kakhulu kwezi yituna tataki, apho intlanzi yosiwe kancinane kwaye ihanjiswa ngokunqabileyo, kunye negalikhi, ijinja kunye neesosi zokudipha.

Ezinye ezintathu izitya ezaziwayo-kakuhle ukusuka Shikoku zibandakanya i-shoyumame, i-snack enencasa eyenziwe ngeembotyi ezibanzi; iwajima taimeshi, isashimi yabalobi, ityiwa nerayisi eshushu; kunye ne-taro root stew yakudala, imotaki, evela kwisithili sase-Ehimi.

8. Kyushu ( 九州 / きゅうしゅう)

Isiqithi saseKyushi, kumazantsi-ntshona akude, saziwa ngeentaba-mlilo zaso, imithombo eshushu kunye neelwandle.

Isithili saseSaga likhaya lenyama yenkomo yeSaga Wagyu, enye yezona mveliso ziphambili eJapan. Le nyama yenkomo idla ngokusetyenziswa njenge sukiyaki; okanye njenge shabu shabu: zombini luhlobo lwe hotpot enenyama ecekeceke kakhulu.

The Ingingqi yaseKyushu yaziwa kakhulu ngezitya zayo zenyama yehagu, kuquka i-Hakata ramen noodles, kwi-broth yethambo yehagu eyaziwayo, kunye neembambo zehagu ezicothayo ziboshwe nge-shochu kunye ne-miso iiyure ezininzi.

Izitya ezongezelelweyo ezaziwayo ziquka i-Chinese-inspired champon noodles esuka eNagasaki; kunye namadombolo egyoza.

9. Okinawa ( 沖縄 / おきなわ)

Iziqithi zaseOkinawa zithe qelele kumazantsi eKyushu, kumbindi weTaiwan. Le ndawo ngokwembali yenza i-Okinawa indawo ebalulekileyo yorhwebo. Oku kunokubonwa kwi-cuisine yommandla, kunye neempembelelo ezivela e-China nakumazantsi-mpuma e-Asia zibonakala kakhulu, ngakumbi ekusebenziseni iziqholo ezifana ne-turmeric.

Nangona irayisi ityiwa, ii-tubers ezifana neitapile, ibhatata kunye ne-taro zisetyenziswa njengezona zityiwa kulo mmandla. Impembelelo yaseMntla Melika iye yaba yinto ebalaseleyo kwi ukutya kwaseOkinawa, kwisiqingatha sokugqibela senkulungwane yamashumi amabini.

I-Okinawa ngoyena mthengi mkhulu we-konbu yolwandle eJapan, ayisebenzisi kuphela kwisitokhwe sedashi, kodwa nakwizitya eziqhotsiweyo neziqhotsiweyo, ezifana ne-Okinawa soba noodles. Olunye ukhula lwaselwandle olufana nemozuku kunye nehijiki lusetyenziswa kwizitokhwe nakwiisuphu.

I-Chanpuru ithathwa njengesitya esimele saseOkinawa. Eli gama lithetha "into exutywe" kwaye ngokuyimfuneko i-stir-fry enempembelelo evela kumzantsi-mpuma we-Asia, i-China, ilizwe laseJapan kunye ne-USA, kunye ne-Okinawa ngokwayo. Enye into ebalaseleyo kulo mmandla yijushi, uhlobo lwesuphu yerayisi.

Ingaba ukutya kwengingqi kunegalelo njani kwinkcubeko yokutya yaseJapan?

IJapan lilizwe elibeka ixabiso elikhulu kwisiko, indawo kunye nemvelaphi, okuthetha ukuba iimveliso zengingqi kunye nezinto ezizodwa zihlonitshwa kakhulu.

Kodwa ikwalilizwe elenza izinto ezintsha, kwaye ngenxa yoko, langoku Ukutya kwaseJapan kuyo yonke imimandla iqhelanisiwe, kwaye ngoku ibandakanya izitya ezininzi ezitsha. Ukususela ekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi elinesithoba ukuya phambili, kwakukho ukunyuka kwezithako zangaphandle kunye neendlela ezintsha zokupheka, ngakumbi ukusuka eChina, ekuqaleni, kwaye kutshanje ukusuka e-USA.

Ingcamango edumileyo yaseJapan kaMeibutsu (“izinto ezidumileyo”) yenye ebonisa udumo kwiimveliso ezithandwayo zasekuhlaleni. Izinto ezikhethekileyo zokutya, ezaziwa ngokuba yiTokuhansin zibandakanyiwe kwezi ndidi zeemveliso, kwaye ziyahlonitshwa kwaye zixatyiswe kakhulu.

Jonga incwadi yethu entsha yokupheka

Iiresiphi zosapho zikaBitemybun ezinesicwangciso esipheleleyo sokutya kunye nesikhokelo seresiphi.

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UJoost Nusselder, umsunguli weBite My Bun ngumthengisi wentengiso, utata kwaye uthanda ukuzama ukutya okutsha ngokutya kwaseJapan entliziyweni yomnqweno wakhe, kwaye kunye neqela lakhe ebesenza amanqaku anzulu ebhlog ukusukela ngo2016 ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo kunye neeresiphi kunye neengcebiso zokupheka.