Imbali enika umdla yeNhlama: Indlela eyaba yinto esisiseko kukutya kwethu

umbhali: Joost Nusselder, umbhali we-Essential Japanese meal planner cookbook cookbook Ukuhlaziywa kweSeptemba 11, 2022

Yintoni kanye kanye intlama?

Intlama ngumxube oquka umgubo, ulwelo (elidla ngokuba ngamanzi okanye ubisi), izinto ezinegwele (ezifana negwele okanye umgubo wokubhaka), kunye namafutha. Ithatha imo yentlama engqindilili, enwebekayo enokubunjwa ngesandla kwaye isetyenziswe njengesiseko sokubhaka.

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Ubudlelwane phakathi kwentlama kunye neBaking

Intlama sisithako esibalulekileyo kwizinto ezininzi ezibhakiweyo, eziquka isonka, iipastries, kunye neecrusts zepizza. Ubume bayo kunye nokubunjwa yiyona nto eyahlula ezi ntlobo ezahlukeneyo zeempahla ezibhakiweyo. Ngokomzekelo, uqweqwe lwepizza ekrwada lwenziwa ngentlama ebhityileyo necaba ethe yaqutyulwa ngamaqamza omoya, ngoxa isonka esithambileyo nesinejusi senziwa ngentlama egotyiweyo yaza yaphumla ixesha elide.

Iintlobo zentlama

Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zentlama, nganye ineengcebiso zayo zokulungiselela kunye nokubhaka. Ezinye zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zentlama ziquka:

• Igwele elitsha lentlama: Le ntlama ibandakanya iityhubhu zegwele ezitsha ekufuneka zinyibilike emanzini adikidiki ngaphambi kokuba zongezwe kumxube.
• Imvubelo eyomileyo intlama: Enye indlela yegwele elitsha, imvubelo eyomileyo ifika kwiipakethi kwaye inokongezwa ngokuthe ngqo kumxube.
• Inhlama ekhawulezayo: Olu hlobo lwentlama alunayo imvubelo kwaye kufuneka luxutywe kwaye lubhakwe ngoko nangoko.
• Intlama encinci: Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-pastries, le ntlama igqitywe kakhulu kwaye inqunywe ibe yimilo encinci.
• Intlama yeLeguminous: Yenziwe ngeenkozo okanye umgubo wemifuno, le ntlama idla ngokusetyenziswa ekubhakeni okungenagluten.
• Intlama ye-Chestnut: Yenziwe ngomgubo we-chestnut, le ntlama inencasa ekhethekileyo kunye nokuthungwa.

Icala eliSebenzayo lentlama

Xa usenza intlama, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezisebenzayo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• Hlala usebenzisa izithako ezitsha, ngakumbi umgubo omtsha kunye negwele.
• Qinisekisa ukuba amanzi owasebenzisayo adikidiki, njengoko amanzi ashushu anokubulala igwele.
• Xa uxova intlama, qiniseka ukuba uyinike ixesha elininzi lokuphumla nokuvuka.
• Intlama inokugcinwa efrijini iintsuku ezimbalwa, kodwa kufuneka igcinwe kwisingxobo esingangeni moya.
• Iswekile inokongezwa kumxube ukunceda igwele lisebenze kwaye lidale amaqamza.
• Amafutha, afana nebhotela okanye ioli, anokongezwa kwintlama ukuyigcina ifumile kwaye inike incasa ecebileyo.

Ukuphonononga uluhlu olubanzi lweendidi zentlama

Intlama ngumxube wezithako eziquka umgubo, amanzi kunye namafutha. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiresiphi, inokubandakanya iswekile, amaqanda, kunye nezinye izithako ukwenza ukuthungwa kunye nencasa oyifunayo. Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zentlama, nganye ineempawu zayo ezizodwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo. Ezinye zezona ntlobo zidumileyo zentlama ziquka:

• Intlama yephayi: Olu hlobo lwentlama lusetyenziswa kakhulu ukwenza iipayi eziswiti okanye eziswiti. Iqulethe umgubo, amafutha, amanzi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha neswekile. I-fat content iphezulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zenhlama, eyenza i-texture ecebileyo kunye ne-flaky.

• Inhlama emfutshane: Le ntlama ifana nentlama ye-pie kodwa iqulethe amafutha amaninzi, okwenza kube lula ukusebenzisana kunye nokuvelisa ukuthungwa okuncinci. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukwenza iikuki zesonka esifutshane kunye neetarts.

• Intlama eswiti: Njengoko igama libonisa, olu hlobo lwentlama lusetyenziselwa ukwenza izitya ezimnandi ezifana ne-pastries kunye namaqebelengwane. Kubandakanya iswekile kwaye ngamanye amaxesha amaqanda ukwenza incasa eswiti netyebileyo.

• Inhlama eyomileyo: Olu hlobo lwenhlama lulungiswa ngomlinganiselo omncinci wamanzi, ukudala i-drier kunye ne-crumbly texture. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukwenza iibhiskithi kunye neecrackers.

• Intlama yerayisi eshushu: Le ntlama yenziwe ngomgubo werayisi kunye nesitatshi kwaye isoloko isetyenziswa kwizitya zase-Asia ezifana namadombolo kunye neebhanti. Kulungiswe ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa ukuba inhlama iqhutywe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye iincinci zincinci ngokwaneleyo ukudala ukuthungwa okuthambileyo kunye ne-chewy.

Ubuchwephesha bokudala iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zentlama

Ukudala iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zentlama kubandakanya ukusebenzisa ubuchule kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye iindlela zobuchule ezidumileyo ziquka:

• Ukuxuba: Oku kubandakanya ukudibanisa izithako kunye ukwenza umxube ogudileyo kunye nohambelanayo. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwentlama, oku kunokwenziwa ngokusebenzisa umxube wokuma, iprosesa yokutya, okanye ngesandla.

• Ukuqengqeleka: Le ndlela yobuchule isetyenziselwa ukuthambisa intlama ibe yimo enqwenelekayo kunye nobukhulu. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-pie crusts kunye nentlama yepizza.

• Ukongeza amanqatha: Ukongeza amanqatha kwintlama kudala ukuthungwa okutyebileyo kunye ne-flakier. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa ngokugalela ibhotolo okanye ukufinyeza kumxube.

• Ukuphinda ukusonga: Le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukwenza iileya kwintlama, evelisa ukuthungwa okuthe tye. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-croissants kunye ne-puff pastry.

Ukubaluleka kokuKhetha uhlobo lwentlama oluLungileyo

Ukukhetha uhlobo lwentlama olufanelekileyo luyimfuneko ekudaleni isitya esifanelekileyo. Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ziquka:

• Ukuthungwa okufunwayo: Iintlobo zentlama ezahlukeneyo zivelisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukukhetha okulungileyo kwisitya osenzayo.

• Izithako: Iintlobo ezithile zentlama zinezithako ezithile, njengeswekile okanye amaqanda, ezinokuchaphazela incasa yokugqibela.

• Indlela yokupheka: Ezinye iintlobo zentlama zifaneleka ngakumbi kwiindlela ezithile zokupheka, ezifana nokutshisa okanye ukubhaka.

• Isitya: Izitya ezithile zifuna uhlobo oluthile lwentlama, njengamaqhekeza epayi okanye isonka.

Ubuchule boBuchule bentlama

Indlela yesiko lokuxova ngesandla yindlela eyomeleleyo nethe ngqo yokuvelisa intlama. Kuthatha umsebenzi omninzi kodwa kunokuba yindlela efanelekileyo yokuva intlama. Nanga amanyathelo ekufuneka uwalandele:

• Qala ngentlama eqinile kwaye eqinile engekho manzi kakhulu okanye yomile kakhulu.
• Beka intlama phezu kwetafile okanye phezu komhlaba.
• Sebenzisa isithende sesandla sakho ukutyhala intlama kude kuwe.
• Songa intlama umva phezu kwayo kwaye unike ikota ukujika.
• Phinda inkqubo kwimizuzu eyi-10-15 de ibe inhlama ilula kwaye i-elastic.
• Vumela intlama iphumle kancinane ngaphambi kokuba uyibumbe ngendlela oyifunayo.

Indlela yentlama emanzi

Indlela yentlama emanzi yindlela ethandwayo yendlela yendabuko. Ivumela ixesha elide lokuphumla kwaye livelise i-airy kunye ne-crumb evulekile. Nantsi indlela yokwenza:

• Qala ngentlama emanzi kunokuba ubuya kuyisebenzisa ngokuqhelekileyo.
• Sebenzisa i-scraper ukugoba inhlama phezu kwayo, ukuzisa imida kwiziko.
• Vumela intlama iphumle ixesha elifutshane ngaphambi kokuphinda inkqubo.
• Phinda inkqubo yokugoqa amaxesha ambalwa de inhlama ibe yinto eqinile kwaye i-elastic.
• Vumela inhlama iphumle ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba uyibumbe kwifom oyifunayo.

Ukukhetha Eyona Technique

Xa kuziwa ekukhetheni indlela efanelekileyo yokwenza inhlama, konke kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwemveliso ofuna ukuyivelisa. Nazi ezinye iingongoma ekufuneka uziqwalasele:

• Kwisonka kunye nentlama yepizza, indlela yendabuko yokuxova ngesandla yeyona ikufutshane kwinkqubo yokuqala.
• Kwi-pastries kunye ne-pie crusts, indlela yokugoqa intlama ifanelekile.
• Ngendlela yokugcinwa okuphantsi, indlela yentlama ngokuthe ngqo yinto efanelekileyo.
• Ukufumana indlela yokwenza izandla, indlela yentlama engcolileyo iyindlela enkulu.

Indlela Amanzi Ayichaphazela Ngayo Intlama

Amanzi yenye yezinto ezinkulu ezichaphazela intlama. Nazi izinto ekufuneka uzigcine engqondweni:

• Amanzi anokwenza intlama ibemanzi okanye yome ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani obusetyenzisiweyo.
• Amanzi amaninzi anokubangela ukuba intlama ibambelele kwaye kunzima ukusebenza nayo.
• Amanzi amancinci kakhulu anokubangela ukuba intlama yome kwaye yomelele.
• Amanzi ashushu anokuchaphazela intlama ngokwahlukileyo kunamanzi abandayo.
• Amanqanaba asezantsi e-hydration afanelekile kwiintlobo ezithile zeemveliso, ngelixa amanqanaba aphezulu e-hydration angcono kwabanye.

Ukusebenzisa iScraper

I-scraper sisixhobo esilula kunye nesincinci esinokwenza umehluko omkhulu xa wenza inhlama. Nazi iindlela zokuyisebenzisa:

• Sebenzisa i-scraper ukuthabatha inhlama kwaye uyizise embindini wesitya.
• Sebenzisa i-scraper ukwenza inhlama ibe yifom oyifunayo.
• Sebenzisa i-scraper ukucoca itafile okanye umphezulu xa usebenza ngentlama encangathi.

Isiphumo Sokugqibela

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yiyiphi indlela oyikhethayo, umphumo wokugqibela kufuneka ube yintlama eqinile kwaye eqinile kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Ngokuziqhelanisa okuncinci kunye nomonde, unokukwazi ukwenza intlama kwaye wenze ukutya okumnandi ngokwenene!

Imbali eMalleable yentlama

Intlama ngumxube olula womgubo, amanzi, kunye nezinye izithako ezifana namafutha, iswekile, kunye negwele, kuxhomekeke kwimveliso efunekayo ekupheleni. Izithako zixutywa kunye ukwenza into ethambileyo enokubunjwa kwaye ilungiswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Inkqubo yokwenza inhlama inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwenhlama elungiswayo, kodwa ngokubanzi ibandakanya ukuxuba izithako kunye kwaye uxoke okanye uqhube inhlama ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuphuhlisa i-gluten kunye nokudala ukuthungwa okufunayo.

Iintlama ezisetyenziswa kakhulu

Intlama isetyenziswa kakhulu ekuphekeni nasekubhakeni kwihlabathi jikelele kwaye ibandakanyiwe kwiiresiphi ezininzi zeemveliso ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye izinto eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa kwentlama ziquka:

• Izonka: intlama isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa uluhlu olubanzi lwezonka, ukusuka kwizonka ezilula ezikhawulezayo ukuya kwizonka eziyinkimbinkimbi.
• I-Pastries: intlama isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iintlobo ze-pastries ezimnandi kunye ne-savory, kubandakanywa ii-pie, i-tarts kunye ne-turnovers.
• Amadombolo kunye nee-noodles: intlama isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amadombolo abilayo kunye abilisiwe kunye nee-noodles kwizidlo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo.
• I-Pasta: intlama isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeepasta, kuquka i-spaghetti, i-fettuccine, kunye ne-lasagna.

Indima yentlama ekuphekeni nasekubhakeni

Inhlama idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphekeni nasekuphekeni, njengoko inceda ukuvelisa ukuthungwa okufunwayo kunye nesakhiwo semveliso yokugqibela. Umxholo we-gluten wentlama unokuchaphazela ukuthungwa kwemveliso yokugqibela, kunye nomxholo ophezulu we-gluten ovelisa ukuqina, ukuthungwa kwe-chewier. Igwele elifana negwele kunye nomgubo wokubhaka nawo unokongezwa kwintlama ukuyinceda ukuba iphakame kwaye ivelise ukuthungwa okukhaphukhaphu.

Ukuqukumbela, intlama yinto eguquguqukayo kunye nethambileyo ebisetyenziswa kangangeenkulungwane ekuphekeni nasekubhakeni kwihlabathi liphela. Izithako zayo ezilula kunye nenkqubo ziyenza ibe sisithako esiqhelekileyo kwizidlo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela zokupheka.

isiphelo

Ngoko ke unayo-yonke into ofuna ukuyazi malunga nentlama. Akulula njengoko unokucinga, kodwa ngoku uyayazi imfihlelo yokwenza intlama efanelekileyo kwiprojekthi yakho yokubhaka elandelayo. Ngoko qhubeka, yenza ubugcisa!

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UJoost Nusselder, umsunguli weBite My Bun ngumthengisi wentengiso, utata kwaye uthanda ukuzama ukutya okutsha ngokutya kwaseJapan entliziyweni yomnqweno wakhe, kwaye kunye neqela lakhe ebesenza amanqaku anzulu ebhlog ukusukela ngo2016 ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo kunye neeresiphi kunye neengcebiso zokupheka.