Ikanago shoyu: Indawo yayo phakathi kweesosi zeentlanzi zaseJapan

umbhali: Joost Nusselder, umbhali we-Essential Japanese meal planner cookbook cookbook Ukuhlaziywa ngoJanuwari 22, 2024

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu ezidumileyo zesosi yentlanzi yaseJapan: ishottsuru, ishiru, kunye nekanago shoyu. Iinkcubeko ezininzi zinetyuwa, iisosi zentlanzi ezinegwele phakathi kweziqholo zazo. IJapan, njengelizwe elinonxweme oluninzi kunye neentlanzi ezininzi, iphucule le nkqubo yokuvundiswa ibe yi-artform.

Kweli nqaku, siza kugxila ngakumbi kwi-ikanago shoyu, imvelaphi yayo, imbali, kunye nokusetyenziswa kokupheka. 

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Ithetha ukuthini ikanago shoyu?

Ikanago ligama lentlanzi encinci, ebhityileyo, eyisilivere edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi “sand lance” okanye “sand eel” ngesiNgesi. Ngokuka-Kensanpin, abathengisa iimveliso zasekhaya zamaxesha onyaka, zibanjiswa ebusika nasentlakohlaza, bobabini njengabantu abadala abatyebileyo, xa i-ikanago imalunga ne-10-12cm 4-4.8 intshi) ubude, kwaye njengefry encinci yosana. Ngaphandle kwegama lesiNgesi, abayiyo ngokwenene i-eel yokwenyani, kodwa inxalenye yentsapho yeentlanzi ze-Ammodytes.

I-Shoyu ligama elinikwe iisosi zesoya zaseJapan, ezihlala zikhaphukhaphu kwaye zibhityile kuneesosi zesoya zaseTshayina kwaye zineembotyi zesoya ezibilisiweyo, ingqolowa, ityuwa kunye namanzi. 

Yavela phi kwaye njani ikanago shoyu?

Iisosi zeentlanzi ezivundisiweyo zinembali ende kunye netyebileyo kwi-cuisine yaseJapan. Ngaphambi kokuba isosi yesoya yonwabele ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi eJapan, iisosi zeentlanzi zazisetyenziselwa ukongeza ivumba, umami kunye nobunzulu kwizitya zengingqi. Babedla ngokuba ngumcimbi we-hyper-local, uvundisiwe kwinto ekhoyo.

Intlanzi ye-Ikanago zininzi kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni lwaseJapan kwaye i-ikanago shoyu yayiza kuphuhliswa kuqala njengeengcali zengingqi, kwindawo ezingaphezu kwesinye ngexesha, njengoko abadidiyeli bezama ukuzimela ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentlanzi, iindlela zokuvundisa, kunye nesosi yesoya njengoko yaba njalo. ngokuya ethandwa.

Nangona kunjalo kwezi ntsuku, owona mmandla uphambili apho ezi ntlanzi zihlaliswa khona kunye ne-ikanago shoyu iveliswa ngummandla waseBisan kuLwandle lwaseSeto olungaphakathi.

Yenziwa njani ikanago shoyu?

T. Ohshima kunye no-A. Giri bathi kwi-Encyclopedia yeMicrobiology yokutya (uHlelo lweSibini, i-2014) ukuba i-Ikanago shoyu yenziwe kwiindawo ezimbini ze-ikanago ukuya kwindawo enye ye-shoyu.

Intlanzi ixutywa kunye ne-shoyu kwaye iyekwe ukuba ibile ubuncinane iintsuku ezili-100 ngaphambi kokuba ulwelo lukhutshwe kwaye luhluzwe. Nantsi intwana yenzululwazi: ii-enzymes eziveliswa ziibhaktheriya ezibilayo ziyophula kwaye zikhuphe iprotheyini yentlanzi, nto leyo ekhokelela kwi-amino acids simahla kunye neepeptides.

Sukuba nexhala xa ungaqondi ukuba: ekuphela kwento ekufuneka uyazi yiloo nto eyenza i-ikanago shoyu yahluke, ibenencasa enzulu, ibriny kunye nencasa yeumami.  

Yahluke njani i-ikanago shoyu kwezinye iisosi zeentlanzi zaseJapan?

Ukuba ungumqali wesosi yeentlanzi, usenokuba ukhe waziva wothukile xa uqala ukukhupha isiciko kwibhotile ye-ikanago shuyo kwaye ube nephunga. Kuyinyani, iisosi zeentlanzi zaseJapan zine-fishy pungency yokwenyani kubo, kwaye nabantu abazithandayo baya kuvuma ukuba abafane banuke okanye bangcamle kakuhle ngqo kwibhotile.

I-Ikanago shoyu inoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwetyuwa kunobuninzi Iisosi zeentlanzi zaseJapan ezibilisiweyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba idla ngokuba netyuwa eninzi kwaye incasa “entlanzi” incinci kunezinye. Awukafuni ukuyijija icocekile, kodwa ukuba ufuna ukuntywila ngocoselelo uzwane kula manzi anentlanzi ekuqaleni, ikanago shoyu isenokuba yeyona ifanele uhambe.

Ukuba iyanuka, ndikhumbuze ukuba kutheni ndifuna ukuyitya?

I-Ikanago shoyu ayenzelwanga ukusetyenziswa njengesithako esingundoqo. Njengazo zonke iisosi zeentlanzi zaseJapan, si-condiment. Oko akuthethi ukuba uyisebenzisa njenge-ketchup nokuba, uyitshize ngokuyishiya, kodwa ukuba usebenzisa ngononophelo amanani amancinci ukongeza incasa ye-umami enzulu kunye nobutyebi bencasa. Isenokuba lithontsi nje elinye.

Ukuba usebenzise i-ikanago shoyu yakho ngokuchanekileyo, awuyi kungcamla nayiphi na into enuka kakubi kwisitya esigqityiweyo. Endaweni yoko, uya kuvuzwa ngobunzulu kunye nokuntsonkotha kwencasa, kwaye mhlawumbi nelona cebiso lincinci lokubethwa kolwandle.

Ukufunda ukusebenzisa ikanago shoyu

Ngenxa yokuba ityuwa ephezulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesosi yesoya yenza i-ikanago shoyu isondele kwiprofayili yencasa kwisosi yesoya enencasa enamandla, mhlawumbi eyona ndlela ingcono yokuqalisa ngayo kukuzama ukuyisebenzisa kwiindawo apho uqhele ukusebenzisa isosi encinci yesoya. .

Mhlawumbi uqhelene nokusebenzisa ithontsi okanye ezimbini zesosi yesoya njengesonwayo kwi-sashimi yakho, okanye kwisosi yokudipha yesushi. Zama ukusebenzisa ikanago shoyu endaweni yoko. Njengesosi yesoya, incasa yayo eyomeleleyo iya kuntywila intlanzi ethambileyo ukuba usebenzisa kakhulu, ngoko hamba lula kakhulu. Qala nje ngesiqingatha sethontsi, kwaye unyuke kancinci, ulume ngokuluma. Ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba uphawule ukuloba okanye ukuba netyuwa, kuninzi kakhulu. Emva kokuzama okumbalwa, uya kukwazi ukukhomba umzuzu xa usebenzise i-ikanago shoyu ukwandisa incasa ngaphandle kokuthatha indawo. 

Ukuba awungomlandeli kangako wesushi, ungazama umfuniselo ofanayo kwisuphu elula okanye umhluzi. Yongeza ithontsi elincinci kwicephe lakho kwaye uqaphele ukuba linyusa njani ubuqili kunye nobunzulu bencasa. Akunjalo kakhulu ukuba yongeza incasa entsha njengoko ikhulisa kwaye yenza nzulu into esele ikhona.

Ukuqalisa: singayisebenzisela ntoni ikanago shoyu?

Ungayisebenzisa njengesixhasi sencasa yendalo phantse kuso nasiphi na isidlo esimnandi. Naphi na apho ungathanda ukongeza ityuwa encinane, okanye apho ucinga ukuba incasa iyasilela okanye ithe tyaba? I-Ikanago shoyu iya kupep loo ncasa kanye. 

Ilungile kakhulu kunye ne-noodle broths. Okanye mhlawumbi unesitya seramen, kodwa akukho nto imnandi? Yongeza i-dash ye-ikanago shoyu ukuyiphilisa.

Ukufumana ubuchule obungakumbi: i-sauce yentlanzi enenyama

Kuthekani ngokusebenzisa ikanago shoyu kwi-marinade yenyama? Ayisiyonto ingaqhelekanga njengoko iqala ukuvakala: ii-anchovies kunye neesosi zeentlanzi ziye zasetyenziswa kunye nenyama kangangeenkulungwane eNtshona. I-Sauce ye-Worcestershire yi-sauce yentlanzi ebilisiweyo; I-Provençale anchoïade idibanisa ii-anchovies kunye ne-oyile kunye negalikhi kwaye igalele phezu kwegusha ephothiweyo. 

Zama ukuxuba i-ikanago shoyu encinci kunye ne-oyile, ikonofile etyumkileyo, kunye nejusi yeyuzu kwaye uyisebenzise njenge-marinade ye-steak. Okanye wongeze kwijusi ye-nikujaga ephekwe ngokucothayo ukunika inyama yakho kunye neetapile amandla ngakumbi.

Ikanago shoyu njenge-glaze kunye ne-sauce yokudipha

Sonke siyalwazi uvuyo olumenyezelayo lwenyama yesalmon eyojiweyo nebrashiwe ngeglaze enencasa emnandi. Faka i-ikanago shoyu encinci kumxube wakho weglaze xa unciphisa ukungcamla okungaphezulu kancinci kolwandle. Gcoba phezu kwe-salmon ngamaxesha aqhelekileyo ngelixa upheka, kwaye usebenze kunye ne-glaze eyongezelelweyo njenge-sauce yokudipha.

Isebenza nenkukhu nayo. I-orange kunye ne-ginger glaze ilungile ngokukhethekileyo kunye nenkukhu, kwaye ukongezwa kwe-ikanago shoyu kwenza kube ngcono.

Ukuqhubela phambili

Mhlawumbi sele uqaphele umxholo wezi ngcebiso: i-ikanago shoyu encinci exutywe nolunye ulwelo okanye incasa, ukukhupha ukukhanya kwendalo kunye nobumnandi bezithako zakho eziphambili. 

Lulongezelelo olukhulu kwisaladi yeWafu yokunxiba, eya kuhamba kakuhle nayo nayiphi na isaladi - susa nje enye yesosi yesoya nge-ikanago shoyu. Okanye unokuzoba kwiimpembelelo zaseTshayina kwaye uzame inguqu ngeoli yeesame kunye nembewu yeesame kwi-classical Chuka yokugqoka isaladi yekhukhamba.

Kwaye ubutyuwa be-ikanago shoyu buyenza ibe lukhetho olukhulu kuyo nayiphi na into egcinwe kakuhle. Iipickles kunye ne-marinades zonke ziya kuqaqamba kunye noko kuncinci ngakumbi kunye nepep. 

Zama iresiphi engezantsi ukuze uqalise kuhambo lwakho ngeesosi zentlanzi zaseJapan.

Indlela yokupheka: Amakhowa afakwe ijinja kunye ne-ikanago shoyu

I-1 lb yamakhowa axutyiweyo, umzekelo, i-shimeji, i-shiitake, i-enoki, i-oyster mushroom

1 iqhekeza lejinja, malunga nobukhulu bomnwe wakho omncinci

1 tbsp i-peanut okanye ioli yeesame

2 tbsp isitokhwe sedashi

1 tbsp i-mirin (okanye i-flavour ecebileyo, endaweni yewayini ebomvu)

1 tbsp ikanago shoyu

2 tbsp irayisi yewayini yewayini

(Ngokuzikhethela: 1 tsp iswekile, ngakumbi ukuba usebenzisa iwayini ebomvu endaweni ye-mirin)

krazula okanye usike ama-mushroom abe ngamaqhekeza amancinci. Sika i-ginger ibe ngamaqhekeza amancinci - akukho mfuneko yokuyikhupha. Fudumeza ioli epanini phezu kobushushu obuphakathi kwaye ugxobhoze amakhowa kunye nejinja de ibune kwaye iqala ukumdaka emaphethelweni.

Okwangoku, xuba zonke ezinye izithako kunye. 

Xa ama-mushroom elungile, uthele umxube we-pickling phezu kwabo, kwaye ugcine ukupheka nje ngomzuzu okanye ezimbini ngaphezulu, de kube utywala butshise.

Susa ekushiseni kwaye uthele ama-mushroom kunye ne-pickling liquid kwi-container, uwatyhalele phantsi ngobumnene ukuze amaninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka afakwe emanzini. Shiya ukupholisa, ukugubungela kunye nefriji. Bakulungele ukutya ngokukhawuleza, okanye baya kugcina ubuncinane iintsuku ezimbalwa efrijini.

Ingcebiso yePro: Emva kokuba utyile amakhowa, akukho sizathu sokulahla ulwelo. Yisebenzise njengesinongo esinencasa kakhulu kwisuphu, kwisinxibo sesaladi, njengesosi yokudipha, njl.

Jonga incwadi yethu entsha yokupheka

Iiresiphi zosapho zikaBitemybun ezinesicwangciso esipheleleyo sokutya kunye nesikhokelo seresiphi.

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UJoost Nusselder, umsunguli weBite My Bun ngumthengisi wentengiso, utata kwaye uthanda ukuzama ukutya okutsha ngokutya kwaseJapan entliziyweni yomnqweno wakhe, kwaye kunye neqela lakhe ebesenza amanqaku anzulu ebhlog ukusukela ngo2016 ukunceda abafundi abathembekileyo kunye neeresiphi kunye neengcebiso zokupheka.