UGeiko, uGeisha noma uMaiko? Umehluko namasiko

About the Author: Joost Nusselder, umbhali wencwadi yokupheka ye-Essential Japanese meal planner cookbook Kubuyekezwe Agasti 22, 2022

Isiko laseJapan lihlukile ngoba izwe linezinto eziningi amanye amazwe angenazo.

Esinye sezibonelo zalawo yi-geisha, abesifazane abazonandisa ngokuqeqeshwa ngokucophelela nokubukeka okuyinkimbinkimbi.

Abantu abaningi bakwamanye amazwe bababheka njengabaqwayizi bendabuko, okungalungile impela.

Ngakho-ke, ukuze sigweme ukungaqondi kahle, ake sikhulume ngabo nakho konke okuphathelene nabo:

Bheka incwadi yethu entsha yokupheka

Izindlela zokupheka zomndeni wakwa-Bitemybun ezinohlelo lokudla oluphelele kanye nomhlahlandlela weresiphi.

Yizame mahhala nge-Kindle Unlimited:

Funda mahhala

Yini iGeiko noma iGeisha?

Igama elithi "Geisha" linencazelo engokoqobo "yomuntu wobuciko" noma "umenzi wobuciko". UGeisha waziwa futhi ngegama elithi Geiko, okusho ukuthi “owesifazane wobuciko”.

Ake siqale sibhekane nodaba lokuthi yini okufanele sibabize yona ngoba ngiyazi ukuthi iningi lenu senizwile yomibili le migomo ngaphambili:

• Abantu baseTokyo basebenzisa kakhulu igama elithi “Geisha”
• E-Kyoto, igama elithi Geiko lisetshenziswa kakhulu
• Elinye igama lalaba besifazane yi- "Geiki", elisetshenziswa kakhulu endaweni yaseNiigata.
• Ungase futhi uzwe igama elithi "Maiko", elisho amantombazane amancane aqeqeshelwa ukuba yiGeisha.

Abantu abaningi abangaphandle kweJapane ngephutha bacabanga ukuthi uGeisha uyizifebe, okuwukukhulunywa kabi ngamathuna.

IGeisha ayibona abathengisa ngomzimba. Abaqwayizi baziwa ngegama elihlukile, "Oiran".

Bagqoka izingubo ezifanayo nezimonyo ezifana neGeisha, kepha imisebenzi yehluke ngokuphelele.

Ngokusobala njengamagama abo, i-geisha ngabesifazane abenza izinhlobo eziningi zobuciko bendabuko baseJapan, njengokucula, ukudansa, nokudlala izinsimbi zomculo.

Umsebenzi we-geisha uhlanganisa ukuthela iziphuzo nokuphuza kanye nezivakashi lapho kucelwa.

Kwesinye isikhathi futhi badinga ukuzibandakanya engxoxweni ethokozisayo namakhasimende abawaphelekayo.

Umlando weGeisha

Isiko le-geisha linomsuka ojulile eJapane, osukela esikhathini se-Edo. Umqondo wabesifazane besifazane noma abezokungcebeleka wawukhula ngaleyo nkathi.

Lezi zinkambiso ezine zomlando yilokho abantu abathi yizimpande zeGeisha:

Saburuko

USaburuko ubhekisa kwabesifazane baseJapan abasebenza ngekhulu lesi-7. Umsebenzi wabo wawuhlanganisa

• amatafula okulinda
• dance
• ukuba nengxoxo nezivakashi
• futhi nokuthengisa izenzo zocansi

Abesifazane abaningi bekufanele bathathe lo msebenzi ngenxa yezimo ezinzima zomnotho ezilandela iTaika Reforms.

Shirabyoshi

Cishe ngekhulu le-12, izinga lobuhle lishintshile. Abadansi abanekhono ngesitayela seqhawe lama-Samurai baba yinto ethandwayo.

Ngakho-ke, uShirabyoshi waba umsebenzi ohlonishwa kakhulu. Ngisho nabesifazane abafunde kakhulu bangenza izinkondlo nama-ballads ekusebenzeni.

Yuujo

Cishe ngekhulu le-16, ubufebe baba ibhizinisi elisemthethweni. I-Yuujo yibona “badlala abesifazane” abasebenza endaweni ebizwa nge- “garden garden”.

U-Yuujo osezingeni eliphezulu, obizwa nge-Tayuu, wahlanganisa umdanso ovusa inkanuko (kabuki) futhi wenza ngomqondo wobuciko. Kamuva, baqala ukuthandwa kakhulu ngegama elithi Oiran.

Geisha

Abaculi besifazane nabadansi abanekhono eliphezulu baqala ukuzibiza ngoGeiko. Umugqa wakhula kancane kancane, wabahlukanisa no-Oiran, onamaphuzu akhe okuthengisa aseyizocansi.

Njengoba ukuthandwa kukaGeiko kukhuphuke ngokushesha okukhulu, indlu yezifebe yakhathazeka ngokuthi i-Oiran ingahle ilahlekelwe ukusebenza kwayo.

Ngakho-ke, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi uGeisha wenqatshelwa ukuthengisa isenzo socansi.

Ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe II, abesifazane abaningi baseJapan bebevunule njenge-geisha futhi banikela ngezinsizakalo zocansi emadodeni ezempi aseMelika.

Bazimaketha “njengamantombazane angama-geisha”, okwabe sekudala ukungezwani ngalo msebenzi.

Ngo-1959, uhulumeni wenqabela noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuthengisa ngomzimba. Umthetho wakuhlakaza ngempumelelo ukuba khona kwe-Oiran nePleasure Garden.

YiGeisha kuphela engakwazi ukuqhuba ibhizinisi, kepha noma kunjalo abavunyelwe ukuthengisa izinsizakalo zocansi kumakhasimende.

Ungaba Kanjani iGeisha

IGeisha idinga ukuba namakhono nolwazi oluthuthukile ezinhlotsheni eziningi zobuciko namasiko aseJapan asetshenziswayo.

Ngakho-ke, ukuqeqeshwa kudingeka kakhulu. Futhi nangaphambi kokuqeqeshwa, intombazane idinga ukuba nezici ezithile ezibalulekile uma ifuna ukuba yi-geisha ephumelelayo.

Lezi zimfanelo zibandakanya ukuyala okuphezulu, ukugxila, ukuzinikela nobuhlakani.

Ukuze ube yi-Geisha, udinga ukuqashwa kabusha ku-Okiya (indlu ye-geisha).

Ingabe abantu bakwamanye amazwe bangaba yi-geisha?

Yize ngokwesiko ukuthi ama-geisha angamaJapan, abantu bakwamanye amazwe bangabhalisela ukuba yi-geisha inqobo nje uma bekhuluma kahle isiJapane futhi bezimisele ukuqeqeshwa.

Ngokwesiko, amantombazane aqala ukuqeqeshwa kwawo esemncane kakhulu, cishe eneminyaka emihlanu noma eyisithupha ubudala. Iningi lazo lathengiswa yimindeni ehlwempu, kwathi abanye bathathwa.

Abayanga esikoleni njengoba bekufanele bagxile ekuqeqeshweni kwabo kwe-geisha.

Kodwa-ke, uhulumeni ugunyaze ukuthi yonke ingane ifunde isikole, futhi kufanele ibhalisele ukuqeqeshwa ngokuzithandela.

Ezinsukwini zanamuhla, iningi labantu liqala cishe eminyakeni eyi-15-16 eKyoto futhi cishe iminyaka eyi-18 eTokyo. Ubudala beminyaka engama-21 bubhekwa njengomdala kakhulu ukuthi bungaba nguMaiko.

Ngakho-ke, noma iyiphi intombazane ebhalisa ku-Okiya ngemuva kokuhlanganisa iminyaka engama-21 ngeke iqale njengeMaiko.

Uzoqeqeshwa kanzima unyaka noma ngaphezulu ukuze aqale ngokushesha njengeGeisha.

Izigaba empilweni ye-geisha

Ukuqeqeshwa kweGeisha kudinga futhi kuqikelelwe. Abantu bavame ukuqala besebancane kakhulu ngakho-ke banesikhathi esanele sokuqedela amakhono abo.

Kodwa-ke, kulezi zinsuku, inqubo yokuqeqesha ifushane kakhulu. Abanye abantu baze bathathe unyaka kuphela ukuqeda ukuqeqeshwa kwabo.

Ukuqeqeshwa kwendabuko kweGeisha kunezinyathelo eziningana, kufaka phakathi:

Shikomi

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuqeqeshelwa ukuba yi-geisha, amantombazane kufanele asebenze njengezisebenzi zasendlini e-okiya (indlu ye-geisha). Igama elisetshenziselwe lesi sigaba elithi shikomi.

Yize kuyiminye nje yemisebenzi yasendlini, abaqeqeshi babo bazokwenza umsebenzi wabo ube nzima ngenhloso.

Ukuqeqeshwa okunzima kuhlose ukucacisa ukuthi i-shikomi inzima kangakanani futhi izimisele kangakanani.

Uma bekwenza, bangaqhubekela esigabeni esilandelayo soqeqesho. Kodwa-ke uma behluleka, bangashiya i-okiya bakhohlwe ngamaphupho abo okuba yi-geisha.

Minarai

Ukuba iMinarai kusho ukuthi akusadingeki babhekane nemisebenzi yasendlini ejulile. Bangaqala ukufunda ukuthi bangaba kanjani i-geisha ngokubheka ukuthi i-geisha iyenza kanjani imisebenzi yabo.

UMinarai akakwazi ukumenyelwa emicimbini okwamanje, kepha angaya njengomunye we-geisha ephezulu.

Inqubo kaMinarai ayithathi isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba babe nguMaiko ngokusemthethweni. Imvamisa, kuthatha kuphela inyanga noma ezimbili.

maiko

Ukuze abe nguMaiko, iMinarai kufanele izitholele i-san-eyodwa, i-geisha ephezulu yokufunda ifomu.

I-one-san isho udade. NjengoMinarai ongena kwinqubo yakhe njengoMaiko, kuzobanjwa umcimbi obizwa ngeMisedashi.

Umcimbi ukubopha uMaiko no-One-san wakhe njengodadewabo impilo yabo yonke.

Ubudlelwano phakathi kukaMaiko no-san-one wakhe bubalulekile ngoba uMaiko kufanele amthungele kakhulu i-san yakhe eyodwa.

I-san-eyodwa izothatha umthwalo ophelele wokuqeqesha nokunikeza izibonelo kuMaiko wakhe.

Igama elithi "Maiko" libuye lisho "uhhafu wamatshe ayigugu", okumele iqiniso lokuthi uMaiko angaqashwa ngengxenye yentengo yeGeisha eqeqeshwe ngokuphelele.

Ukuqashwa kuzonikeza uMaiko ithuba lokwazi amanye amaklayenti akhe angahle abe yiGeisha.

Geisha

UGeisha ungowesifazane okhule ngokugcwele olungele umsebenzi wakhe wesikhathi esigcwele. Umuntu kudingeka okungenani abe neminyaka engama-21 ubudala ukuze akwazi ukuqala njengeGeisha.

Ngokuba yiGeisha, angakhokhisa inani eligcwele. Uzohlala ehlala ku-Okiya aze athathe umhlalaphansi.

Uma enezinsizakusebenza namandla anele, angazakhela eyakhe i-Okiya. I-Geisha ephezulu ingaqasha uMaiko noma okungenani ibe yi-One-san kuMaiko.

I-Hiki-Iwai

Lapho uGeisha ekhetha ukuthatha umhlalaphansi, angathola uhlobo lomcimbi wokuthweswa iziqu obizwa ngeHiki-Iwai. Iningi lamaGeisha lithatha umhlalaphansi ngenxa yokuguga kakhulu ukuze lisebenze emphakathini.

Kepha kwesinye isikhathi, bakhetha ukwenza kanjalo ngoba bafuna ukushada noma bamane banele ngempilo yokuphila kweGeisha.

Ukuqeqeshwa kweGeisha kungamasosha athile. Izinga eliphakeme lokuyala libalulekile ngoba ukuqeqeshwa kuhlose ukuphelela. Indlela isenzo seGeisha sifundiswa ngayo ngokuningiliziwe.

Kucacile ukubona manje ukuthi kungani ukuqeqesha iGeisha kungasebenza kakhulu uma inqubo iqala esemncane kakhulu.

Kusuka eMaiko kuye eGeisha

Ukuqhubekela phambili usuka ekubeni nguMaiko uye ekubeni yiGeisha ngokugcwele kufana nokuthweswa iziqu ngoba kukhombisa ukuphela kokuqeqeshwa kwakhe.

Ukuguqulwa kusho nokuthi intombazane isiyangena ebudaleni njengomuntu wesifazane. Ukumaka ingqophamlando ebaluleke kangaka, kunezinqubo ezibizwa ngeMizuage ne-Erikae.

Umsele

I-Mizuage isiko lokunciphisa noma lokulahla ubuntombi. Njalo uma uMaiko eqeda ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe, i-Okiya izobamba indali izivakashi zayo ezithembekile.

Noma yimuphi umuntu onebhidi eliphakeme kakhulu uzuza ilungelo lokuhlambalaza uMaiko othile futhi abe nguDanna (umphathi wakhe).

Imali ekhokhelwe uDanna izonikezwa u-Okiya “njengembuyiselo yesikweletu” kuzo zonke izindleko u-Okiya ayezisebenzise ukuqeqesha lo Maiko othile.

Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kobusuku beMizuage, iGeisha akusadingeki ukuthi iye ocansini noDanna wayo noma amanye amakhasimende ayo.

Ngokwesiko, i-Mizuage inqubo eyimpoqo okumele wonke amaMaiko adlule kuyo ukuze aqhubeke nokuba yiGeisha.

Kepha ngo-1959, uhulumeni waseJapan wenze lo mkhuba ungekho emthethweni, ngoba lo mqondo uyefana nobufebe.

Kulezi zinsuku, iMizuage inqubo nje yokwamukela uxhaso lukaDanna ngaphandle kwesibopho senkonzo yezocansi.

AmaMaiko amaningi aze aqhubeke nokuba yiGeisha ngaphandle kwesiko leMizuage.

U-Erikae

Ngokungafani neMizuage, u-Erikae usasetshenziswa yiwo wonke amaMaiko ngoba lesi sinyathelo sibaluleke kakhulu, futhi asibandakanyi izindaba zocansi.

I-Erikae ingumkhosi osemthethweni ophawula iMaiko ukuba yiGeisha. Okwamanje, uMaiko uzophinde athole igama lesiteji azolisebenzisa njengeGeisha.

Lo mcimbi ikakhulukazi ubandakanya ukuguqula isitayela sezinwele nengubo, ngoba uMaiko ugqoka ngokwehlukile kweyeGeisha.

U-Erikae uvame ukwenzeka ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kweMizuage. Ngemuva kuka-Erikae wakhe, iGeisha manje ingathola inkokhelo ephelele lapho ikhasimende limqasha.

Amakhono we-A Geisha

Ukuqeqeshwa kweGeisha kudinga kakhulu futhi kucophelela. Intombazane kufanele ibe nokukhuza, ukuzinikela, kanye nokuhlakanipha.

Ngaphandle kwanoma yikuphi kwalokhu, bekungeke kudlule ukuqeqeshwa. Cishe zonke izici ezincane ziyafundiswa, kufaka phakathi:

Makeup, Hairdo, futhi Dress Up

Lokhu kuhamba ngaphandle kokusho. UGeisha ngisho noMaiko ekuqeqeshweni banokubukeka okuthile. Isitayela sabo akulula ukusifaka.

Ingxoxo Namadoda

Ingxoxo emnandi iyindlela yokuqala yokuheha amadoda.

UGeisha / Maiko kumele afunde ngobugqila bendoda nendlela yokubenza bazizwe bekhululekile ngengxoxo elula ngeziphuzo.

Hamba

Izicathulo ezenziwe ngokhuni akulula ukuhamba ngazo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iGeisha kufanele ibe nomusa ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Ukufunda ukuhamba kungolunye lokuqeqeshwa okubalulekile okungezi lula.

Sleep

Khohlwa ngomcamelo wakho okotini okhephukile. Into enjalo izokonakalisa izinwele ezilungiswe kahle ze-geisha.

Lapho eseqala ukusebenza njengoMaiko, kuzofanele afunde ukulala esebenzisa iTakamura, umcamelo omncane oyisilinda ukuze awubeke ngaphansi kwentamo yakho.

Ukusebenzisa ukwesekwa okunjalo kwentamo kuvumela uMaiko / Geisha ukuthi akhulule ikhanda lakhe ngaphandle kokuphazamisa izinwele zakhe.

Kodwa-ke, iningi lamaGeisha kulezi zinsuku ligqoka ama-wigi ekubukekeni kwezinwele okuyinkimbinkimbi. Ngakho-ke, zingalala ngokujwayelekile zisebenzisa umcamelo ngokususa nje ama-wigs azo.

Laugh

Akuyona into enhle ukuthi owesifazane waseJapan ahleke umlomo wakhe uvezwe obala. Ngakho-ke, uGeisha kufanele avale umlomo wakhe ngenkathi ehleka.

Bangasebenzisa ifeni lesandla lendabuko noma bamane basebenzise isandla sabo ngenhloso enjalo.

Imidlalo ye-Geisha

IGeisha kufanele futhi yazi imidlalo embalwa yeGeisha ezodlalwa nezivakashi zabo ngesikhathi sedina. Imidlalo yenzelwe ukukhulula imizwa.

Imidlalo yamaGeisha ivamise ukuba mnandi ukuyidlala, ikakhulukazi ngoba izivakashi kufanele ziphuze isibhamu uma zehlulwa njengesijeziso.

Ukusebenza kobuciko

Isidlo sakusihlwa se-geisha ngokuvamile sifaka ukusebenza kobuciko, kungaba umbukiso omncane womuntu oyedwa noma isigaba esikhulu esisodwa.

Ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa, i-maiko kufanele ifunde imisebenzi eminingi yobuciko yaseJapan njengokucula, ukudansa nokudlala izinsimbi.

Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lapho bekhula beba yiGeisha, iningi labo livame ukukhulisa ubuchwepheshe.

Isiko laseJapan

Ukuba nolwazi ngamasiko aseJapan kubalulekile ngoba izivakashi eziningi ziyathanda ukukhuluma ngakho phakathi nengxoxo.

Ngabe i-geisha ikhokhwa malini?

Akekho owazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi uGeisha noMaiko bangahola malini ngenyanga.

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi iGeisha enhle ingathatha cishe u- $ 3,000 kuye ku- $ 10,000 ngenyanga, kuya ngekhono nesipiliyoni.

Kodwa-ke, kufanele futhi basebenzise isamba esikhulu sayo ukuthenga okokuhlobisa i-kimono nezinwele, okwaziwa ukuthi kubiza kakhulu.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi uMaiko ikakhulukazi ngeke athole iholo ekuqaleni komdlalo wabo wokuqala. Ukuqeqesha iMaiko kuyabiza.

U-Okiya utshala cishe ama- $ 500,000 ukuqeqesha nokulungiselela iMaiko. Leyo mali ibandakanya ama-kimono amahle kanye nemihlobiso ekhazimulayo yezinwele.

Ngakho-ke, imali etholwa nguMaiko imvamisa iya ku-Okiya njengembuyiselo.

Amakhasimende kufanele akhokhele iMaiko ayiqashile. Imali ekhokhwayo ivame ukuba yingxenye yentela yeGeisha.

Kepha imali izoya ku-Okiya kuze kukhokhwe zonke izindleko zokuqeqeshwa.

Iningi likaMaiko ngeke lithole noma yini yeholo lakhe okungenani iminyaka emithathu noma emine ngemuva kokuqalwa njengoMaiko.

U-Okiya

I-Okiya yindlu lapho kuhlala khona wonke amaGeisha kusukela ngesikhathi beqashwa okokuqala. U-Okiya uphethwe yiGeisha ephakeme noma ethathe umhlalaphansi, ebizwa nge-Oka-san (umama) noma u-Okami-san.

Indlu yokulala ingathatha ama-Maiko amaningi neGeisha ngasikhathi sinye, kuyilapho ingenakuhlala noyedwa kuyo.

Ezikhathini zasendulo, amantombazane ayethengiswa noma aqashwe ama-Okiya aneminyaka emihlanu noma eyisi-5 ubudala. Abantu bakholelwa ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa impilo yonke kuzokusondeza ekupheleleni.

Kepha ngokomthetho, amantombazane kudingeka okungenani abe neminyaka eyi-15 ubudala ukuze akwazi ukuqashwa ku-Okiya. Ngisho no-Okiya udinga ilayisense elisemthethweni ukuze asebenze ngokusemthethweni.

Ubudlelwano bawo wonke amaGeisha ku-Okiya buyafana nomndeni owamukelwe.

I-Okami-san izoba nguMama. I-Geisha ephezulu kuzoba yi-One-san (odade) beMaiko nejunior Geisha.

Lapho i-Okami-san idlula emhlabeni, uGeisha omkhulu ohlala e-Okiya angathatha indawo yakhe njenge-Okami-san entsha.

I-Okiya inakho konke okudingekayo ukuxhasa ukuqeqeshwa nemisebenzi yeGeisha, kufaka phakathi izingubo, izimonyo, nezakhiwo zobuciko.

I-Okiya nayo inesibopho sokukhokha zonke izindleko zabo bonke abantu abahlala kuyo, kubandakanya nokuqeqeshwa kweMaiko.

Futhi u-Okiya uthola ukuhlela ukuthi u-Ochaya the Maiko no Geisha bazosebenzela ini.

Yize le ndawo ingamukela kakhulu amantombazane, abafana banqatshelwe ngokuqinile ukuhlala kuyo. UGeisha oshadile kumele amshiye u-Okiya ukuze ezohlala nomyeni wakhe.

Ngisho noma uGeisha oyedwa ekhulelwa futhi kamuva ebeletha indodana, kufanele akhethe phakathi kokunikela ngendodana yakhe ukuze ayokwamukelwa ngomunye umndeni noma ayishiye i-Okiya ukuze akwazi ukuzikhulisela indodana yakhe yedwa.

Ochaya

Igama elithi Ochaya lisho "indlu yetiye". Isikhungo sendabuko sazo zonke izinsizakalo zokuzijabulisa ngeGeisha.

Indawo inikela ngetiye, iziphuzo ezidakayo, ukusebenza ngobuciko, nezinsizakalo zokuhambisa i-Geisha. Ngokufana no-Okiya, i-Ochaya nayo idinga ilayisense yokusebenza ngokusemthethweni.

I-Ochaya ayisebenzi ngohlelo olufanayo nemigoqo ejwayelekile noma izindawo zokudlela. Ngeke bakhokhele isivakashi sabo ukuvakasha ngakunye.

Esikhundleni salokho, bazobuyisa zonke izindleko ezichithwe izivakashi bese bethumela isikweletu esiqoqekayo njalo ngenyanga. Lolu hlelo luyisizathu sokuthi indingilizi yethemba ibalulekile phakathi kwezivakashi.

Ngokwesiko, akuwona wonke umuntu onelungelo lokuthola i-Ochaya. Le ndawo yenzelwe izimemo kuphela.

Amakhasimende akhona e-Ochaya angadlulisela abangani babo ukuthi bamenywe e-Ochaya. Kepha uma isivakashi sidala inkinga, ukuthunyelwa kwaso kuzobekwa icala yi-Ochaya.

Ngakho-ke, izivakashi ngeke zibhekise abangane abangahleliwe ku-Ochaya ngoba lokhu kungathinta idumela lakhe.

Futhi, udinga indoda ecebe kakhulu enedumela elihle nesimo senhlalo ukuthola umuntu ozimisele ukukudlulisela ku-Ochaya.

Kodwa-ke, njengoba ibhizinisi liba nzima ukuqhubeka nokuphila, i-Ochaya iyehlise isikhathi.

Kulesi sikhathi, ezinye izinhlaka zokuvakasha zingathumela izivakashi e-Ochaya uma zikhokha okungenani inani elithile lemali eliceliwe yi-Ochaya.

Kukhona nezinsizakalo zokuhumusha zezivakashi ze-Ochaya ezingakhulumi isiJapane.

Isidlo sakusihlwa seGeiko noma seMaiko

I-Ochaya ifake amakamelo we-tatami lapho ungathola khona isidlo sakusihlwa esigcwele noMaiko noma uGeiko.

Amakhasimende akhululekile uku-oda ukuthi bangaki uGeiko noMaiko abasemagumbini abo.

Amakhasimende akudingeki ukuthi abe yedwa kulesi sidlo sakusihlwa. Izikhathi eziningi, amadoda athanda ukuba neqembu lesidlo sakusihlwa nabangane bawo ukuze ajabule ndawonye.

Isidlo sasebusuku sizoqala ngengxoxo elula nokuphuza. Izinketho zeziphuzo ziyahlukahluka, kusuka kwesendabuko kuye kwesimanje, kokubili okudakayo nokungaphuzi.

IGeiko noma iMaiko izothela iziphuzo enkomishini yakho njalo uma ingenalutho. Bangaphuza futhi uma usho njalo.

UGeiko noMaiko bathola ukuqeqeshelwa ukuba izingxoxo ezijabulisayo. Baze bafunda ngama-egos abesilisa ukwazi ukuthi bangabathakatha kanjani ngokuxhumana.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMaiko noGeiko nabo bazenzela ulwazi olusha ngezihloko ezihamba phakathi kwamadoda ukuze bahlale befanelekile endleleni.

Ukudla kuvamise ukunikezwa kwisethulo esiyinkimbinkimbi ngemininingwane ebukhali yokwenza isipiliyoni esiphakeme sokudlela kwakho.

Vele, imenyu kuzoba konke ukudla okuyiqiniso kwaseJapan, okuyizinhlanzi zasolwandle ikakhulu.

Vele, kuzobuye kube nemidlalo yobuciko eyenziwa ngabakwaGeiko / Maiko. Kungaba ukudlala komculo wezinsimbi, ukucula, noma ukudansa.

Ngesikhathi sokudlala, izivakashi kulindeleke ukuthi ziziphathe ngenhlonipho.

Ukwenza okuhle kakhulu kwesipiliyoni, iMaiko / Geiko izothatha namakhasimende ayodlala imidlalo ethile yendabuko yeGeiko.

Ikhasimende eliwinile lingathola imiklomelo emincane. Kepha uma ehlulwa, kufanele athathe isibhamu sikabhiya njengesijeziso.

Kungumsebenzi wakwaGeisha ukwenza amakhasimende abo azizwe ekhululekile ukukhuluma nganoma yini anayo engqondweni.

UGeisha noMaiko banekhodi eqinile yokugcina izimfihlo zamakhasimende abo.

Konke abakuzwayo nabakubonayo kumakhasimende abo akumele kwabelwane ngakho noma kuxoxwe ngakho nakwamanye amaGeisha.

Izingubo kanye ne-Makeup ye-Geisha

IGeisha iyaphawuleka ngokubukeka kwayo okucekethekileyo nokunobuchwepheshe. Izingubo zabo zinemithetho namakhodi aqinile.

Kukhona umehluko phakathi kokubonakala kukaGeisha, Maiko, Oiran, ngisho nabesifazane abavamile baseJapan.

Nakhu ukuthi ungatshela kanjani uGeisha noMaiko ngokubukeka kwabo:

Kimono

Ngenkathi abantu abavamile begqoka ama-kimono amboza umqala wabo, lawo uGeisha / Maiko awagqokayo aveza ubuthi entanyeni.

Lokhu kuvezwa kubonakala kungokwesiko ngokwesiko laseJapan.

Ungachaza iMaiko ngombala obomvu wamakhola abo. Futhi, ama-kimono maiko ngokuvamile anemibala egqamile efekethisiwe eyinkimbinkimbi.

Babukeka bejabule futhi bebancane njengoba benjalo. Imikhono igwedluliwe futhi yinde, ilandela phansi njengoba uMaiko ebeka izingalo zakhe phansi.

UGeisha ugqoka ukhololo wabo ngombala omhlophe. Ngokungafani noMaiko, ama-kimono kaGeisha ikakhulukazi anombala ogqamile futhi ongashadile.

Umhlobiso ubuncane kakhulu futhi imvamisa nje ungaphansi kwengxenye engezansi yekimono. Sekukonke, izingubo zikaGeisha zinokuheha okwengeziwe. Ngisho nemikhono yabo imifushane.

Obi

I-Obi yibhanti lendwangu elikhulu lokugcina i-kimono icocekile endaweni yayo. IGeisha ijwayele ukugqoka ama-Obi akhanya kakhulu kune-kimono yawo ukuphuma umbala.

I-obi kaMaiko ivame ukuba nkulu futhi ibe ngokweqile, kuyilapho eyakwaGeisha incane futhi ilula.

Bobabili uGeisha noMaiko benza ifindo le-obi labo ngemuva, kwathi i-Oiran layifaka ngaphambili ukuze lifinyeleleke kalula.

Ifindo likaMaiko liyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Badinga usizo lomunye umuntu ukuzenzela bona.

izicathulo

Ingxenye eyingqayizivele kakhulu yokubukeka kukaMaiko izicathulo zakhe. Ipulatifomu ephakeme yezimbadada zokhuni ezibizwa nge-Okobo akuyona into elula ukuhamba kuyo.

Khonamanjalo, iGeisha ihamba kalula kakhulu, ngoba bagqoka kuphela izimbadada ezicaba ezibizwa ngeZiro. Bobabili uGeiko noMaiko bagqoka nohlobo lwamasokisi anezinkinobho okuthiwa uTabi.

kwekhanda

Bobabili uGeisha noMaiko banezinwele zezinwele ezihlotshiswe nge-kanzashi (i-hairpin).

UMaiko kusamele agqoke izinwele zabo zemvelo, kepha abakwaGeisha banokukhetha ukugqoka amawigi ukuze kube lula futhi kube nempilo ezinweleni zabo.

Ubuningi obulula bukaGeisha buvelele obunegama elithi "Shimada". Okwamanje, uMaiko unamabhanisi amahlanu ahlukene ngesinyathelo ngasinye sokuqeqeshwa.

Kunjalo

1. wareshinobu
2. ofuku
3. momoware
4. katsuyama
5. futhi sakko

I-Nagajuban

INagajuban ingubo ezacile esetshenziswa njengengubo yangaphansi.

Lapho begqoke i-kimono, iningi lamaGeisha noMaiko babengeke bagqoke izingubo zangaphansi zesimanje ngoba lokho kungaphazamisa ulayini wabo we-kimono.

UMaiko uvame ukugqoka imibala ebomvu, kanti uGeiko yena angagqoka omunye umbala.

Yize ama-kimono angahlelekile efinyelela ku-12 kuya kuma-20 layers, uGeisha noMaiko abagqoki kangako. Kukhona izingqimba ezimbalwa kuphela njengoba kushiwo ngenhla.

Kodwa-ke, emcimbini osemthethweni ngokwengeziwe, i-kimono yabo nekhanda labo bezobabaza kakhulu.

Ukwakheka

UGeisha noMaiko babonakala kalula ngopende wabo omhlophe wezinyo lendlovu ebusweni babo obizwa nge-oshiroi kanye ne-lipstick ebomvu ebomvu.

Amanye ama-geisha aphezulu ayayeka ukugqoka ama-oshiroi njengoba ekhula. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lomjikelezo, iMaiko imvamisa iba ne-oshiroi ejiyile ekuqaleni kokuqeqeshwa kwabo.

Ukwakheka kuqala ngongqimba we-wax noma uwoyela obizwa nge-bintsuke-abura ukufaka njengesisekelo. Okulandelayo, i-oshiroi ingasetshenziswa kuwo wonke ubuso, intamo, kuya endaweni yentamo.

Unamathisela uyingxube yempuphu yelayisi emhlophe namanzi.

Ngemuva kokufaka i-oshiroi, uGeisha noMaiko bazoqeda ukwakheka kwabo nge-lipstick ebomvu, amashiya acocekile, kanye ne-eyeliner ebukhali.

Isizathu sombala owedlulele kungenxa yokuthi umhlophe ubhekwa njengombala wokuphelela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-oshiroi ingamboza noma yikuphi ukungafezeki ebusweni okufana nezinduna nolayini abahle.

Izimonyo azibalulekanga kangako kuma-geisha aphezulu njengoba sezivele zinezintelezi ezanele ezinjengobuhlakani bokuxoxa namakhono obuciko.

Iba ne-Geisha Kimono Eyakho

AmaKimono akuzona izingubo ezishibhile zokuthenga, ikakhulukazi lezo ezigqokwa nguMaiko noGeisha. Izintengo ziyahlukahluka, kuya ngendwangu esetshenzisiwe nokuthi ubucwebe bunwebeke kanjani.

KuGeisha noMaiko, inketho yabo enhle kakhulu eyenziwe ngosilika ophilayo. Ngokufekethiswa okuyinkimbinkimbi, isethi eyodwa ye-kimono ingabiza ngaphezu kuka- $ 10,000.

Kodwa-ke, ama-kimono anosilika ojwayelekile abiza cishe u- $ 240 kuya ku- $ 800 kuphela. Ngenketho eshibhile, bangahamba nempahla kasilika engamanga.

Umkhiqizo obiziwe I-Sillook inikeza isethi ye-kimono kusilika wefeksi onamadola azungeze ama- $ 150 noma okuthe xaxa kancane.

Ebusika, ama-kimono woboya anganikeza ukufudumala nokunethezeka okwengeziwe. Intengo iqala ku- $ 240.

Kepha uma ubheka kuphela ama-kimono ajwayelekile njengalokho okugqokwa ngabesifazane abavamile, abiza cishe ama- $ 40 kuphela kulowo owenziwe ngokotini.

Esikhundleni sokuthenga, ungahle uthande ukucabangela ukuqasha uma udinga kuphela ukugqoka i-kimono kanye.

EJapan, ikakhulukazi eTokyo naseKyoto, ungathola izinkampani eziningi eziqashisayo ze-kimono.

Ukuze uthole i-kimono kasilika kanokusho egqokwa nguGeisha noMaiko, imali yokuqasha icishe ibe ngama- $ 34 kuye ku- $ 50.

Ungacela nenkonzo yokwakheka ne-photoshoot enkampanini ngemali encane eyengeziwe.

Isikhathi Sokusebenza

Impilo yomuntu uqobo ye-geisha yehluke kakhulu namuhla njengoba yayinjalo ezikhathini zasendulo.

Ngokuvamile, i-geisha namuhla inenkululeko eyengeziwe futhi kulula ukuba nokuphila komuntu siqu okujabulisayo, kuyilapho i-geisha yasendulo kwakudingeka ibhekane nemithetho nemiphumela embalwa ukuze iphile impilo njengoba ifuna.

Izinkontileka eziphakathi kukaGeisha / Maiko ne-Okiya yabo (nenki) zilula kakhulu futhi zilula kulezi zinsuku.

Ngakho-ke, bakhululekile ukwenza njengoba befisa ngesikhathi sabo samahhala, kufaka phakathi ukugqoka izingubo zesimanje nokuzihlalela enxanxatheleni yezitolo.

Kulezi zinsuku, uMaiko unezinsuku ezimbili zokuphumula inyanga ngayinye. UGeisha ukhululekile ukuhlela uhlelo lwabo lokusebenza. Ngisho noMaiko ekuqeqeshweni angaya esikoleni esiphakeme.

UGeisha noMaiko banenketho yokuyeka noma kunini. AmaMaiko amaningi awazange afike ngisho nasekuqaleni kwawo njengeGeisha ephelele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, iningi lamaGeisha likhetha ukuthatha umhlalaphansi lineminyaka engamashumi amathathu kuya kwengamashumi amane, ikakhulukazi ngoba lifuna ukushada futhi liqale umndeni.

Ucansi, Uthando Nomndeni

Ubulili abuyona ingxenye yencazelo yomsebenzi kaGeisha, ikakhulukazi kusukela nge-Anti-Prostitution Law ngo-1959.

Kwesinye isikhathi, uGeisha angavuma ukulala neklayenti lakhe noma omunye umuntu amfunayo. Kuyisinqumo sakhe uqobo.

Khumbula ukuthi kungadelela kakhulu ukufuna imisebenzi yezocansi neGeisha / Maiko oyiqashile ngesikhathi sedina.

Ukuwa othandweni kuvamile kuGeisha, ezinsukwini zasendulo nezanamuhla. Kodwa-ke, ukuba nobuhlobo kungenye into.

Phambilini i-geisha bekufanele ithathe umhlalaphansi kulo mkhakha bese ikhokhela i-nenki yayo kuqala uma ifuna ukushada.

Ukukhulelwa ngaphandle komshado nakho kwakuyinkinga ezinsukwini zakudala.

Njengoba abafana bengavunyelwe ukuhlala e-Okiya, iGeisha kufanele ikhethe phakathi kokumnikela ukuze itholwe noma ishiye u-Okiya wakhe kahle ukuze amkhulise yedwa.

Uma ingane iphenduka intombazane, kungenzeka ukuthi ibe yiGeisha futhi ngokuzayo uma unina eyikhulisela e-Okiya.

Ngokuvinjelwa okungaka, iningi lamaGeisha ezikhathini zasendulo lakhetha ukuhlala lingashadile impilo yabo yonke.

Abanye bakwazile ukuthandana futhi bashada, ikakhulukazi labo abebethandana nabaphathi babo.

Ukukhuluma ngokunengqondo, kufanele kube lula ngophethe ukukhokhela inkontileka yentombi yakhe nayo yonke ingcebo anayo.

Okwamanje, ezinsukwini zanamuhla, abesifazane abashadile, ngisho nalabo abanezingane, bangaqhubeka nokusebenza njengeGeisha ngaphandle kokubhekana nemiphumela ebalulekile.

Sekuyinsakavukela manje ukubona uGeisha noMaiko benobudlelwano bezothando nanoma ngubani abamthandayo.

Njengoba i-nenki ilula kakhulu, iGeisha ayidingi umuntu ocebe ngokweqile ukuyikhokha.

Ungahlangana Kanjani Ne-Geisha

Inani leGeisha liye lehla kakhulu emashumini ambalwa edlule.

Mangaki ama-geisha eKyoto?

Inombolo eyiyo ayaziwa. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kunamakhulu amabili eGeisha eKyoto. EJapane, cishe bangamakhulu amane. Kwakukhona cishe ama-80,000 awo ngo-1920, kepha manje kunamaGeisha angaphansi kwenkulungwane kuphela.

Uma uhambela eJapane futhi ufisa ukubabona, kunezindlela eziningi ongazicabangela. Nakhu:

EHanamichi

IHanamichi yindawo yase geisha. Kule ndawo, cishe uzothola i-Okiya, i-Ochaya, iRyutei (indawo yokudlela), izindawo lapho uMaiko enza khona ukuqeqeshwa kwabo kobuciko, nezinye izinto ezidingekayo ebhizinisini laseGeisha.

Kukhona ama-hanamichi ayisithupha eTokyo namahlanu eKyoto.

Ukuze ube sethubeni elingcono lokuhlangana noGeisha noMaiko behamba beya emsebenzini, zama ukuhlala eduze kwamakhelwane ngabo-5: 30 kuye ku-6: 00 kusihlwa.

Yize lobu buqili buyindlela eshibhile yokuhlangana neGeisha / Maiko, ngeke ube namathuba amaningi okuxhumana nabo.

Kungenzeka ungabi nenhlanhla yokuthola isithombe esifanele nabo.

EMkhosini

IJapan inemikhosi eminingi yamasiko lapho abaningi beGeisha / Maiko beya khona. Nayi imikhosi nemikhosi lapho ungathola khona ithuba:

• I-Asakusa Toshi no Ichi Fair
• IKagurazaka Street Stage Oedo Tour
• I-Yasaka Shrine Setsubun
• Umkhosi weHigashiyama Hanatouro
• Umkhosi weKyoto Gion

Umkhosi ungagcwala futhi ube matasa.

Noma ngabe unenhlanhla eyanele yokubona iGeisha noma iMaiko, kunamathuba okuthi isimo singenzeki ukuthi uthole isithombe esihle noma ube nengxoxo emnandi nabo.

Ngesikhathi se-A Performance

I-Odori ngumdanso wendabuko. Amathikithi ayabiza kakhulu, kusuka ku- $ 15 kuya ku- $ 50 umuntu ngamunye.

Le yindlela enhle yokubona i-geisha ne-maiko ngenkathi ubuye ubuke ithalente labo eliqeqeshwe kahle.

IJapan inezinhlelo eziningi ze-Odori ezindaweni eziningi, ngakho-ke ungathola kalula eyodwa efana nezinsuku zakho zokuvakasha.

Noma kunjalo, kungcono ukuhlola ishejuli bese ubhuka ithikithi lakho kusenesikhathi ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ngeke uphuthelwe.

Incwadi A Geiko Dinner

Isidlo sakusihlwa se-geiko ngokungangabazeki yithuba elihle kakhulu lokuhlangana ne-geisha. Ngoba ngeke nje ukwazi ukuthatha isithombe, kepha ungaba nengxoxo emnandi futhi ende nabo.

AbakwaGeisha noMaiko obaqashile bazodlalela iqembu lakho noma iqembu lakho ngasese egumbini lika tatami.

Yize ama-Ochayas engaqinile njengakuqala ekwamukeleni amakhasimende amasha, usadinga imali eningi ukwenza lokho kwenzeke.

Ama-ejensi amaningi ezokuvakasha ahlinzeka ngesidlo sakusihlwa se-geiko ngenani eliphansi lama- $ 200 kuya ku- $ 450 ngeseshini ngayinye.

Imali eyengeziwe ingakhokhisa, ikakhulukazi uma u-oda ukudla okungaphezulu, iziphuzo, noma iGeisha / Maiko ukuhamba nobusuku bakho.

I-Etiquette Yokuxhumana neGeisha

UGeisha uyazi ukuthi bamele isiko elihlukile laseJapan.

Futhi bayakuqonda ukuthi izivakashi zizoba nentshisekelo kuzo, kungaba ukumane bathathe izithombe noma babe nokuxhumana okuthile.

Kodwa-ke, amaGeisha amaningi akhononda ngokuthi zingaki izivakashi ezibathatha njengezifundo zamasiko, okuyinto engenanhlonipho.

IGeisha ihlonishwa kakhulu eJapan. Nabo bangabantu, njengathi. Nazi ezinye izinto okufanele uzikhumbule uma uhlela ukuhlangabezana ne-geisha:

1. Uma ufuna ukuthatha isithombe sabo, buza kahle. Ungayiqedi ikhamera yakho ngaphandle kwemvume njengepaparazzi. Uma benqaba, sicela uhloniphe ukukhetha kwabo.
2. Yiba ocabangelayo uma ufuna ukukhuluma nabo emgwaqweni. Bangase basheshe, ngakho-ke ungabaphoqi ukuba bonge isikhathi sabo kuwe.
3. Uma udinga ukukhuluma noma ukuthatha isithombe noGeisha emgwaqweni, ungabavimbi. Kungcono ukuma ohlangothini noma emuva.
4. Ungalokothi ubuze iGeisha ngocansi. IGeisha ayenzelwe ukusiza amakhasimende abo ngemisebenzi yezocansi.

Singasho ukuthi i-geisha ingenye yobuso besiko laseJapan nokwamukela izihambi.

Ngeshwa, amanani abo ancipha ngokushesha. Noma kunjalo, izintelezi zabo azisoze zabuna.

Bheka incwadi yethu entsha yokupheka

Izindlela zokupheka zomndeni wakwa-Bitemybun ezinohlelo lokudla oluphelele kanye nomhlahlandlela weresiphi.

Yizame mahhala nge-Kindle Unlimited:

Funda mahhala

UJoost Nusselder, umsunguli weBite My Bun ungumthengisi wokuqukethwe, ubaba futhi uthanda ukuzama ukudla okusha ngokudla kwaseJapan enhliziyweni yothando lwakhe, futhi kanye nethimba lakhe ubelokhu enza izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2016 ukusiza abafundi abathembekile ngezindlela zokupheka namathiphu okupheka.