Dab tsi yog umami flavors? Cov khawv koob thib tsib tau piav qhia

Author: Joost Nusselder, Tus sau phau ntawv Essential Japanese noj mov npaj zaub mov Hloov kho thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 27, 2021

Yog tias koj hnov ​​lo lus umami, tej zaum koj tab tom tham txog cov zaub mov Japanese. Cov khoom noj xws li kua, ntses ntses, dashi, nceb kua zaub tuaj yeem piav qhia tias muaj umami tsw.

Umami txhais tau tias "zoo siab savory tsw los yog saj". Txawm hais tias nws tau tshawb pom ntau xyoo dhau los, lo lus tseem tsis tau nrov nyob rau sab hnub poob.

Yog li ntawd, tej zaum koj yuav tsis hnov ​​cov neeg siv lo lus no sab nraum Nyiv. Qhov ntawd yog vim nws tau pom los ntawm ib tus kws tshawb fawb Nyij Pooj thaum ntxov xyoo pua 20th.

Hauv Nyij Pooj, umami hais txog qhov thib tsib saj, hu ua savory, uas los ntawm glutamate. Nws tsis yog qab zib los yog qab ntsev, qaub los yog iab, tab sis lwm yam tag nrho. Umami yog nplua nuj, zoo li nqaij thiab broth.

Hauv tsab xov xwm no, kuv yuav tham txog txhua yam umami, cov khoom noj twg muaj nws, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv nws rau koj cov pluas noj, thiab tseem qhia koj txog keeb kwm luv luv ntawm nws qhov kev tshawb pom.

Mus saib peb phau ntawv ua noj tshiab

Bitemybun tsev neeg cov zaub mov txawv nrog kev npaj zaub mov tiav thiab daim ntawv qhia zaub mov.

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umami yog dab tsi?

Umami yog ib qho ntawm tsib qhov kev saj yooj yim hu ua savory.

Dab tsi ua rau qhov txawv txav yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem tsim qhov tsw los ntawm kev sib xyaw lwm cov saj.

Yog li, piv txwv li, koj tsis tuaj yeem tsim qhov qab zib yog tias koj sib tov umami nrog saltiness, los yog qaub nrog iab. Umami yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov tsw thiab koj tsis tuaj yeem rov ua dua qhov kev xav no nrog rau lwm cov saj.

Piv rau lwm yam plaub yam kev saj (qab zib, qaub, qab ntsev, thiab iab), umami yog qhov mob me tshaj plaws.

Hauv kev nkag siab, umami yog ib qho qab ntxiag saj tab sis maj mam txaus mus rau qhov tsis pom los ntawm ntau thaum noj mov.

Thaum koj muaj qee yam kub dashi broth nrog noodles thiab boiled nqaij nyug, tej zaum koj yuav tsis tau tshuab tam sim ntawd nws txawv saj. Tab sis, yog tias koj muaj Goya iab heev (iab dib) koj yuav paub qhov tsw ntawm thawj saj.

Thaum koj noj cov zaub mov umami, nws muaj ib qho me me aftertaste uas ua rau kom salivation thiab ib qho kev xav ntawm fuzziness ntawm tus nplaig.

Nws yeej tawm hauv qhov ncauj-dej thiab xav tau ntau dua los ntawm kev txhawb nqa lub ru tsev ntawm koj lub qhov ncauj thiab caj pas.

Yog li, umami yeej tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia tshwj tsis yog koj saj nws.

Tab sis, qhov ze tshaj plaws koj tuaj yeem tau piav qhia nws yog savoriness. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas umami, siv cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tsis yog tib yam li cov uas saj qab zib lossis qab ntsev.

Dab tsi ua rau zaub mov umami?

Nws tag nrho yog ua nrog chemistry, compounds, thiab amino acids.

Yog li, umami tsw tuaj qhov twg?

Umami yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tebchaw thiab cov amino acids.

Lub xub ntiag ntawm glutamic acid (amino acid glutamate), los yog cov tebchaw hu ua inosinate thiab guanylate muab zaub mov rau umami saj. Cov tebchaw thiab cov amino acids no feem ntau pom muaj nyob hauv cov khoom noj muaj protein ntau.

Cov khoom noj uas muaj glutamate siab, zoo li ntxi, raug suav hais tias yog umami. Cov khoom lag luam umami no yog lub hauv paus rau ntau cov zaub mov Japanese qab.

Umami ntxiv qhov nthuav tsw rau cov zaub mov thiab tseem txwv kev qab los noj mov yog li cov zaub mov umami suav tias yog noj qab nyob zoo.

Thaum ua ke nrog lwm cov tastes, nws ua rau ib tug zoo-paub tsw uas ua rau tib neeg xav tau ntau dua.

Yog vim li cas vim li cas cov khoom noj umami thiaj li nyiam xws li MSG-flavored fast foods yog tias qhov tshwj xeeb tsw no ua rau koj saj receptors xav ntau umami deliciousness.

Yuav ua li cas umami sib npaug nrog rau lwm yam saj zoo li qab zib, qaub, qab ntsev, thiab iab yuav cuam tshuam li cas cov zaub mov qab.

Umami muaj 3 yam khoom sib txawv

Txij li thaum umami yog qhov txawv ntawm lwm tus, nws muaj 3 yam khoom tshwj xeeb:

1. Lub saj ntawm umami kis thoob plaws koj tus nplaig.
2. Lub aftertaste ntawm umami yog ntev npaum li cas qab zib, qaub, salty, iab.
3. Noj cov zaub mov umami-flavored muab qhov ncauj qhov ncauj.

Vim li cas nqaij umami?

Nqaij muaj nplua nuj tsw thiab nws tau suav hais tias yog ib qho zoo sawv cev ntawm dab tsi umami saj zoo li.

Ua ntej cov nqaij xa mus muag ntawm lub khw, nws tau dhau los ua cov txheej txheem kev laus. Nqaij feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov protein, tab sis cov protein no tsis muaj tsw.

Cov protein, txawm li cas los xij, yog tsim los ntawm cov saw ntev ntev ntawm cov amino acids - 20 kom meej. Kwv yees li 15% ntawm cov amino acids no yog glutamate. Yog vim li cas cov nqaij qab umami.

Raws li cov nqaij cov protein tawg, nws muab cov nqaij nws qhov tshwj xeeb thiab qhov txawv txav.

Qhov twg umami kuaj pom ntawm tus nplaig?

Tau kawg, umami raug kuaj pom ntawm koj tus nplaig. Thaum koj noj thiab zom cov khoom uas muaj umami, koj tus nplaig ceeb toom rau lub hlwb thiab koj yuav hnov ​​​​qhov yummy saj.

Umami activates saj buds (receptors) ntawm koj tus nplaig. Tom qab ntawd, thaum lub buds pom umami, cov hlab ntsha xa cov cim rau koj lub hlwb.

Kuj tseem muaj cov hlab ntsha thiab cov receptors hauv koj lub plab thiab cov no xa koj lub hlwb cov cim qhia tias lawv ntes umami los ntawm cov hlab ntsha vagus.

umami ua dab tsi rau lub cev?

Umami tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub cev. Nws tsis yog seasoning zoo li ntsev uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob plawv thiab lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv.

Thaum koj tus nplaig saj buds paub glutamate, nws qhia lub cev tias nws tau noj cov protein.

Thaum lub cev nkag siab umami, nws ua rau salivation thiab tsim cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas ua rau nws yooj yim rau lub cev zom cov zaub mov.

Vim li cas umami thiaj li zoo?

Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog vim li cas umami yog qhov zoo yog tias nws txhim kho thiab txhim kho qhov tsw ntawm txhua lub tais nws ntxiv rau.

Tab sis, tej zaum koj kuj nug yog vim li cas peb thiaj nyiam umami heev?

Peb lub cev yog tsim los ntawm cov protein thiab dej. Tib neeg lub cev tsim tawm tsawg kawg 40 grams glutamate ib hnub, yog li peb xav tau nws kom muaj sia nyob.

Lub cev ib txwm craves umami thiab denatured protein vim nws xav rov qab nws cov amino acid mov.

Yog li, tsis txhob hnov ​​​​qab tias koj xav tias umami saj txhua lub sijhawm, nws zoo li qub. Amino acids yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub cev.

Koj puas paub tias cov mis nyuj muaj ntau glutamates - kaum npaug ntawm cov kua mis nyuj? Yog li ntawd peb tau conditioned mus saj umami txij thaum yug los, peb crave nws nyob rau hauv adulthood ib yam nkaus thiab.

Puas yog umami thiab MSG tib yam?

Niaj hnub no, cov tuam ntxhab ntxiv MSG rau cov zaub mov kom muab nws qhov tsw umami.

MSG (monosodium glutamate) muaj lub koob npe zoo nkauj zoo li tsis noj qab haus huv tab sis noj me me, nws muaj kev nyab xeeb.

MSG kuj muaj tib cov amino acid hu ua glutamate li umami tiag. Cov molecule no activates koj saj receptors thiab ua zaub mov tastier.

Yog li, yog, MSG thiab umami saj tib yam vim lawv muaj tib lub glutamic acid tab sis tau umami los ntawm kombu hauv dashi TshuagPiv txwv li, noj qab nyob zoo dua li noj ib lub tais ntawm cov khoom noj uas muaj MSG ntxiv.

Puas yog umami thiab savory zoo ib yam?

Yog, umami thiab savory yog tib yam vim hais tias umami yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws piav raws li savory.

Qhov no yog hais txog ib qho kev nplua nuj, meaty tsw. Xwb, vegans tuaj yeem sib piv cov saj rau nceb thiab seaweed (kombu).

Savory feem ntau piav raws li qhov opposite ntawm qab zib thiab qab ntsev.

Yuav ua li cas umami txawv ntawm saltiness?

Tib neeg ib txwm nug "yog umami tsuas yog qab?" tab sis qhov no yog qhov kev xav tsis raug.

Qhov tseeb yog tias umami tsis yog saltiness. Umami thiab ntsev / sodium yog ob yam saj. Tseeb, ob qho tib si yog ib qho ntawm tsib qhov kev saj yooj yim tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv.

Umami hais txog kev nkag siab ntawm savoriness whereas saltiness yog hais txog sodium thiab tshwj xeeb flavors txuam nrog sodium.

Ntsev yog sodium chloride thaum umami yog glutamate. Qhov txawv yog qhov tsw.

Ob lub ntsev thiab umami ua rau Japanese cuisine saj txawv tab sis umami muab nws ntau meaty, tob nplua nuj saj. Koj paub tias ntsev saj zoo li cas thiab nws hloov lub saj ntawm lub tais li cas.

Ib qho piv txwv ntawm umami yog dab tsi? (Cov zaub mov saum toj kawg nkaus umami)

OK, yog li umami yog savory, tab sis cov zaub mov twg yog qhov tseeb tiag tiag umami flavored?

Zoo, ntau cov khoom noj muaj cov ntsiab lus umami lossis tag nrho umami.

Cov khoom noj uas muaj zog tshaj plaws umami tsw muaj xws li:

• nqaij
• shellfish
• ntses
• khaws cia ntses (anchovies, sardines tshwj xeeb)
• ntses ntses
• kua ntses
• kelp (zeeg)
• dashi khoom
• nceb
• qij
• ntses oyster
• cheese
• txiv lws suav & ketchup
• hydrolyzed zaub protein
• ntses oyster
• poov xab extract
• ntsuab peas
• pob kws
• miso

Muaj ntau yam khoom noj umami, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb, txhua yam uas muaj cov ntsiab lus glutamate siab tuaj yeem hu ua umami. Ntau ntawm Japanese cuisine muaj qab umami-flavored tais diav uas yuav tawm hauv koj lub qhov ncauj watering.

Yuav ua li cas kom tau ib tug umami tsw

Koj tuaj yeem tau txais umami tsw los ntawm cov khoom noj umami-flavored xws li kelp lossis fermented zaub mov.

Tab sis, thaum koj ua noj koj tuaj yeem sib xyaw ntau cov khoom xyaw umami los txhim kho cov zaub mov saj.

Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los ua qhov no yog siv cov khoom noj fermented nrog cov ntsiab lus siab umami xws li miso paste, los yog hnub nyoog thiab fermented cheese.

Koj tuaj yeem siv umami-nplua nuj zaub mov zoo li kelp thaum ua kua zaub. Los yog, ntxiv txiv lws suav thiab nceb nrog rau nqaij.

Kho nqaij kuj yog tag nrho ntawm umami saj thiab thiaj li muaj hnub nyoog nqaij.

Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv anchovy paste, ketchup, lossis minced qej rau kua zaub, stew, thiab tag nrho lwm cov tais diav kom nws saj ntau umami.

Thaum kawg, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv cov kua MSG ntshiab rau cov zaub mov. Nws yuav qhib lub saj receptors ntawm koj tus nplaig thiab ua rau koj xav tias tag nrho cov umami deliciousness.

Ntawm no yog ib qho zaub mov qab nrog PERFECT umami mix: Wafu pasta daim ntawv qhia nrog spaghetti thiab prawns

Koj puas tuaj yeem yuav umami?

Yog lawm, koj tuaj yeem yuav qee yam khoom noj uas muab rau koj uas umami saj koj tab tom nrhiav.

Qhov nrov ua noj seasoning yog MSG.

cov Ajinomoto Umami Seasoning yog ib hom seasoning los ntawm Nyiv thiab nws yog siv nyob rau hauv takeout tais xws li Teriyaki qaib muab lub tais uas hom mouthwatering aroma.

Cov seasoning no yog muag hauv daim ntawv hmoov. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau qhov kev sib cav hais tias MSG tsis zoo rau koj lossis tsis zoo, koj tuaj yeem haus nws hauv qhov nruab nrab yog vim li cas nws tau pom zoo los ntawm FDA.

Yog li, ntxiv rau MSG hmoov uas Kikunae Ikeda tau tsim (ntxiv rau hauv qab no), koj tuaj yeem yuav pastes thiab hmoov uas muab rau koj saj umami.

Takii Umami Powder yog ib qho tshwj xeeb umami seasoning ua los ntawm shiitake nceb. Nws yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv glutamate thiab muab zaub mov rau qhov tseeb thiab yooj yim saj ntawm savoriness.

Umami paste yog lwm qhov kev xaiv los muab koj cov tais diav ib qho umami nplua nuj tsw. Nws yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv glutamate thiab tuaj yeem ua hauv tsev los ntawm miso, seaweed, txiv ntseej, anchovies, thiab parmesan cheese, txhua yam sib xyaw ua ke.

Kuv nyiam siv Saj #5 Umami Paste Laura Santini uas yog ua nrog txiv lws suav.

Koj tseem tuaj yeem yuav tiag khoom noj khoom haus, uas tseem muaj glutamate los ntawm seaweed.

Nws saj umami thiab muab cov kua zaub thiab noodle tais ua ib qho amazing savory thiab qab ntsev saj. Qhov no kombu dashi Tshuag hmoov yog zoo rau ua noj umami nplua nuj kua zaub thiab broths.

Yoondu Zaub Umami yog cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo raws li cog, haum rau cov neeg tsis noj nqaij thiab vegans ib yam nkaus.

Tom qab ntawd, muaj qhov classic Kikkoman soy sauce uas neeg feem coob paub txog.

Nws ua ke zoo nrog nqaij, nqaij nruab deg, zaub, mov, noodles, thiab txawm tob-kib lauj kaub tais diav. Nws muab qhov yooj yim saj ntawm savory glutamate.

nyeem Xav paub ntau ntxiv txog lub npe nrov Kikkoman thiab nws cov kua ntses ntawm no.

Lwm txoj hauv kev yooj yim ntxiv umami yog siv ketchup ua topping ntawm koj cov zaub mov. Cov Noble Made Txiv lws suav Ketchup yog lub raj mis noj qab haus huv nrog cov khoom xyaw uas tsis yog GMO thiab gluten-dawb.

Txawm tias miso muab tshuaj yog suav tias yog umami vim nws tau ua los ntawm cov taum fermented. Nws ntxiv qhov tsw zoo rau Japanese tais diav. Nws saj pungent, qab zib, qaub, salty, thiab savory tag nrho ib zaug.

Nyeem tag nrho txog cov top 5 miso pastes rau umami-nplua nuj flavors.

Cov zaub mov twg muaj umami tshaj plaws?

Umami muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov khoom noj thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no, tsis yog xwb Japanese ua noj.

Kuv xav tias koj yuav xav tsis thoob thaum paub tias cov khoom noj uas muaj qhov tsw tshaj plaws umami yog txiv lws suav. Tag nrho cov txiv lws suav thiab tshwj xeeb yog cov txiv lws suav qhuav yog cov nplua nuj glutamate thiab muaj kev mob siab rau.

Lwm cov khoom noj umami muaj xws li:

• anchovies
• kho ham
• Parmesan cheese
• pom seaweed
• fermented cheese
• Worcestershire ntses
• zaub mov noj
• nceb

Cov zaub mov ua umami li cas?

Koj puas paub tias cov khoom noj khoom haus tuaj yeem ua ntau dua umami tom qab ua tiav cov txheej txheem ntawm ripening lossis fermentation, los yog ob qho tib si.

Tias yog vim li cas nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias cov khoom xyaw uas muaj npe nrov tshaj plaws thiab cov tsoos savory yog cov uas tau fermented.

Condiments xws li miso paste, ntses ntses, oyster sauce, thiab soy sauce ua rau lawv cov khoom qab zib ntau dhau sijhawm. Tib yam tuaj yeem hais txog cov hnub nyoog cheese uas tseem muaj cov khoom xyaw ua ke thiab.

Puas yog avocado umami?

Avocados yog ib qho khoom noj zoo tshaj plaws. Tab sis koj puas paub tias avocado kuj yog umami?

Yog, nws muaj glutamate thiab savory tsw, yog li nws zoo nkauj npaum li umami.

Avocado kuj tseem noj qab haus huv thiab noj qab haus huv zoo vim tias nws muaj cov khoom noj muaj roj ntau. Nws yog tsim los ntawm oleic acid, potassium, thiab vitamins B, C, E & K.

Leej twg nrhiav tau umami?

Ntau tus neeg xav tias umami tau tshawb pom ntau pua xyoo, tab sis tsis yog.

Yog tias koj xav paub thaum twg tau pom umami, koj yuav xav tsis thoob tias nws tsuas yog thaum xyoo 1900s.

Qhov tseeb, umami tau pom nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th thaum ntxov tom qab kev tshawb fawb ntau.

In Xyoo 1907, tus kws tshawb fawb Kikunae Ikeda ntawm Imperial University of Tokyo nrhiav tau umami. Nws tau kawm txog cov khoom qab zib thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm kelp, feem ntau siv los ua kua zaub.

Xib fwb Kikunae Ikeda pom ib qho qab ntxiag qab qab uas txuas ntau yam khoom noj tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem faib nws mus rau hauv qee yam uas qab qab zib, qaub, qab ntsev, los yog iab.

Yog li, nws nrhiav tau qhov tshiab umami tsw, qhov thib tsib saj, thaum kuaj cov khoom hauv cov zaub mov.

Tom qab kawm txog nws tus poj niam lub kua zaub thiab kua zaub, nws pom tau tias pom seaweed muaj umami flavors. Yog li nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas glutamic acid raws li cov amino acid lub luag haujlwm rau umami hauv xyoo 1908.

Tab sis, nws tsuas yog tsis ntev los no, uas umami tau tshaj tawm tias yog tus thib tsib tib neeg saj. Xyoo 1980s, Nyiv tau lees paub umami raws li kev sib cais ntawm qab zib, qaub, qab ntsev, thiab iab.

Lub invention ntawm umami seasoning

Umami tsw tau nrov heev thiab nyiam nyob rau thaum ntxov xyoo pua 20th Nyiv. Yog li, tus xibfwb Ikeda xav tsim tshwj xeeb umami flavored seasoning tib neeg tuaj yeem siv ua noj.

Nws yuav tsum tau ua kom paub tseeb tias glutamic acid muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws rau lwm cov seasonings xws li ntsev thiab qab zib. Nws xav kom cov seasoning ua dej-soluble thiab tiv thaiv cov av noo thiab tsis txhob solidifying nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm.

Tus xibfwb tuaj nrog monosodium glutamate (MSG).

Qhov no muaj zog umami thiab savory saj thiab tau khaws cia zoo nyob rau hauv fwj. Nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm luv luv, MSG tau los ua ib qho kev nyiam seasoning hauv Japanese tais diav.

Takeaway

Tam sim no koj paub tias umami yog qhov tseem ceeb txhua yam khoom noj uas muaj qhov tsw qab, koj tuaj yeem pib sim txheeb xyuas nws hauv koj cov tais diav. Qhov saj ntawm glutamate yog qhov sib piv tsis sib xws rau lwm plaub qhov kev saj yooj yim.

Thaum koj tiag tiag txhim kho koj cov saj los txheeb xyuas qhov no yog ib qho ntawm tsib qhov kev saj yooj yim, koj yuav paub tias vim li cas qee cov zaub mov zoo dua li lwm tus.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog tias koj tuaj yeem ua rau koj tus kheej umami muab tshuaj txhuam lossis siv dashi Tshuag los ua cov zaub mov txawv nrog umami saj hauv tsev.

Kuj tseem kawm paub txog Takoyaki qhov tshwj xeeb saj, qhov txawv txav & sau cov tswv yim

Mus saib peb phau ntawv ua noj tshiab

Bitemybun tsev neeg cov zaub mov txawv nrog kev npaj zaub mov tiav thiab daim ntawv qhia zaub mov.

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Nyeem dawb

Joost Nusselder, tus tsim ntawm Bite My Bun yog tus lag luam cov ntsiab lus, txiv thiab nyiam sim ua zaub mov tshiab nrog zaub mov Nyij Pooj hauv plawv ntawm nws txoj kev mob siab rau, thiab ua ke nrog nws pab neeg nws tau tsim cov ntsiab lus blog txij li xyoo 2016 los pab cov neeg nyeem ncaj ncees nrog cov zaub mov txawv thiab cov lus qhia ua noj ua haus.