Rangiri: Njira Yodulira yaku Japan ya Kaloti & Nkhaka

Author: Joost Nusselder, wolemba buku la The Essential Japanese mealner cookbook Idasinthidwa Mayayi 11, 2023

Malo odyera aku Japan amadziwika kwambiri chifukwa chosamala kwambiri za plating ndi kukongoletsa kudula njira, Rangiri ndi imodzi mwa njira zodziwika bwino zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Rangiri, kapena ran giri, ndi njira yodulira ku Japan yomwe imaphatikizapo kudula masamba m'mawonekedwe osagwirizana. Izi sizimangopangitsa kuti mbaleyo ikhale yowoneka bwino komanso imathandizira kuti masamba aziphika mofanana ndi kuyamwa zokometsera bwino. Mawu akuti "rangiri" palokha amatanthauza "kudula mwachisawawa," zomwe zimalongosola bwino njirayo.

Luso lowonetsera chakudya, lotchedwa "kaya"Kapena"washoku,” zakudya za ku Japan n’zofunika kwambiri, ndipo ophika nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana yodula mitundu kuti mbale zawo zizioneka zokongola.

Werengani kuti mudziwe zambiri za kudulidwa kwa rangiri ndi momwe ophika ku Japan amagwiritsira ntchito luso lawo lapadera la mpeni kupanga chakudya chomwe chimakhala chokongola kwambiri.

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Kodi Rangiri ndi chiyani?

Sindidzaiwala nthawi yoyamba yomwe ndinapunthwa pa rangiri.

Ndinkayendera msika wina waku Japan, ndipo ndidawona masamba odulidwa bwino omwe anali pachiwonetsero. 

Kaloti, radishes, ndi nkhaka zonse zinadulidwa mwapadera ndi mwaluso kwambiri moti nthawi yomweyo ndinachita chidwi.

Ndinamufunsa mavenda za kachitidwe kameneka, ndipo anandionetsa dziko la rangiri.

Rangiri ( 乱切 り) ndi liwu la Chijapani lomwe limatanthauza "kudula mwachisawawa" kapena "kudula mosadukiza."

Njira yodulira ya Rangiri ndi njira yophikira yaku Japan yodulira masamba kapena zipatso m'mawonekedwe osagwirizana, nthawi zambiri amakhala ngati diagonal kapena katatu.

Zamasamba zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri panjira ya rangiri ndi nkhaka ndi kaloti. Komabe, ndizovuta komanso zosiyanasiyana kuposa izo. 

Kudula kwa Rangiri nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo masamba, zipatso, ngakhalenso chotchedwa sushi.

Mwachitsanzo, magawo a nkhaka kapena timitengo ta karoti akhoza kusinthidwa kukhala mawonekedwe a katatu kapena diamondi pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi. 

Zidutswa zodulidwa bwinozi zitha kuphatikizidwa mu saladi, ma rolls a sushi kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokongoletsera pakukongoletsa mbale.

Kudula masamba ooneka ngati silinda ngati kaloti kapena nkhaka zokhala ndi rangiri kumaphatikizapo kupanga masinthidwe odumphadumpha, kutembenuza zokololazo mozungulira kotala pakati pa chilichonse. 

Njira imeneyi ndi yoyenera kwambiri kuwiritsa chifukwa cha malo akuluakulu, osafanana omwe amalola kuyamwa kukoma.

Kudula kwa Rangiri kumawonjezera chinthu chapamwamba komanso luso pakuwonetsa chakudya.

Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, ophika amasintha zosakaniza wamba kukhala zidutswa zowoneka bwino zomwe zimakopa maso komanso kukopa wodyerayo. 

Maonekedwe osagwirizana ndi aang'ono omwe amapangidwa ndi kudula kwa rangiri amapereka chidziwitso cha kayendetsedwe kake komanso kuzama kwa kapangidwe kake.

Muzakudya za ku Japan, makonzedwe a chakudya pa mbale amaonedwa ngati zojambulajambula, zomwe zimayikidwa pamtundu, moyenera, ndi symmetry. 

Kudula kwa Rangiri, komwe kumakhala kowoneka bwino komanso kowoneka bwino, kumathandizira kukongola uku posiya masiketi achikhalidwe.

Njirayi imalola ophika kuwonetsa luso lawo powonjezera miyeso yapadera pa mbale.

Ponseponse, kudula kwa rangiri kumapereka chitsanzo cha kudzipereka kwa ophika aku Japan ku luso la zophikira. 

Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi mwaluso, amapanga zakudya zowoneka bwino zomwe sizimangosangalatsa m'kamwa komanso zimasangalatsa m'maso, zomwe zimapangitsa kudya m'malesitilanti aku Japan kukhala osangalatsa.

Mukukonzekera ulendo wopita ku Japan? Onani kalozera wanga wazakudya ku Osaka: komwe mungapite ndi zomwe mungadye

Udindo wa rangiri muzakudya zachikhalidwe za washoku ndi kaiseki

Kudula kwa Rangiri kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazakudya zachikhalidwe cha ku Japan, makamaka pankhani ya washoku (chakudya chachikhalidwe cha ku Japan) ndi kaiseki. 

Miyambo yophikirayi imayika patsogolo osati kukoma kokha komanso kukongola ndi luso lazodyeramo. 

Apa, tikuwunika ntchito ya Rangiri kudula muzochita zophikira izi:

Kugwirizana kokongola

M'madyerero a washoku ndi kaiseki, kuwonetsera chakudya kumatengedwa ngati zojambulajambula.

Kudula kwa Rangiri, ndi mawonekedwe ake osakhazikika komanso aang'ono, kumawonjezera chowoneka bwino pazakudya. 

Kudulidwa kwa asymmetrical kumathandizira kuti pakhale mgwirizano wokongoletsa, kuphatikizira zinthu zina pa mbale ndikupanga mawonekedwe owoneka bwino.

Kuphiphiritsa kwa nyengo

Malo odyera a Washoku ndi kaiseki amatsindika kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito zosakaniza zanyengo kuti ziwonetse kukongola kwachilengedwe ndi zokometsera za nyengo iliyonse. 

Kudula kwa Rangiri kumagwirizana ndi filosofi iyi chifukwa imalola ophika kuwunikira mawonekedwe apadera a zokolola zam'nyengo. 

Posintha zosakaniza kukhala zowoneka bwino, ophika amatha kudzutsa chidwi cha nyengo ndikukondwerera momwe chilengedwe chilili pa mbale.

Chidwi cha mawu

Maonekedwe osakhazikika omwe amapangidwa kudzera mu kudula kwa Rangiri amapereka chidwi pazakudya za washoku ndi kaiseki. 

Ma angles ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana amawonjezera zovuta komanso chidwi pazodyera zonse. 

Kulumikizana kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti mbaleyo ikhale yamitundu yambiri, yomwe imakhudza mphamvu ndi mkamwa.

Kusakhwima bwino

Kudya kwa Washoku ndi kaiseki kumafuna kuti pakhale kusamvana pakati pa zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kukoma, mtundu, maonekedwe, ndi maonekedwe. 

Kudula kwa Rangiri kumathandiza kwambiri kuti zinthu zisamayende bwino. 

Kukonzekera kolondola komanso kolingalira bwino kwa zidutswa za Rangiri-zodulidwa pamodzi ndi zosakaniza zina zimatsimikizira kusakanikirana koyenera kwa zokometsera, mawonekedwe, ndi maonekedwe.

Chikhalidwe chachikhalidwe

Kudula kwa Rangiri kumachokera ku chikhalidwe cha ku Japan chophikira ndipo kwadutsa mibadwomibadwo. 

Zimaphatikizanso chidwi chambiri komanso kulemekeza zokometsera zomwe ndizizindikiro zazakudya zaku Japan. 

Pophatikiza kudula kwa Rangiri m'madyerero a washoku ndi kaiseki, ophika amalemekeza chikhalidwechi ndikusunga luso lazophikira zachikhalidwe cha ku Japan.

Ponseponse, kudula kwa Rangiri kumakhala gawo lofunikira pazakudya zachikhalidwe za washoku ndi kaiseki. 

Maonekedwe ake, zizindikiro za nyengo, chidwi cha mawu, kusamalidwa bwino, komanso chikhalidwe chake, zonse zimathandizira kuti pakhale chakudya chokwanira komanso chopatsa thanzi chomwe miyambo yophikirayi imayesetsa kupereka. 

Kudula kwa Rangiri kumangowonjezera kukongola kwa mbalezo komanso kumawonetsa kuya kwa luso lazophikira komanso luso lomwe limatanthawuza zakudya za ku Japan.

Momwe mungadulire mabala

Njirayi imaphatikizapo kudula masamba kapena zipatso pamtunda wa digirii 45, kenako ndikuzungulira madigiri 90 ndikuzidulanso pamakona a digirii 45, kupanga mawonekedwe a katatu kapena diamondi. 

Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chidwi ndi mawonekedwe mu mbale, komanso kuonetsetsa kuti zidutswa za chakudya zimaphika mofanana.

Kudula kwa rangiri kumayamba ndi ntchito yokonzekera pang'ono, ndipo zimatengera zomwe zikudulidwa. 

• Kusankha zosakaniza: Ophika aku Japan amasankha mosamala masamba kapena zipatso zomwe azidula pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya Rangiri. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo nkhaka, kaloti, daikon radishes, ndi masamba ena olimba.
• Kukonzekera zosakaniza: Zamasamba kapena zipatso zimatsukidwa ndi kusenda ngati kuli kofunikira. Kenako amakonzedwa kuti achotse mbali zilizonse zosagwirizana kapena zosafunikira. Wophika amaonetsetsa kuti chopangiracho ndi chokhazikika komanso chophwanyika kuti chizigwira mosavuta panthawi yodula.
• Njira yodulira: Wophika akuyamba ndi kugwira chopangira pa mbali ya digirii 45 yokhala ndi mpeni wakuthwa, nthawi zambiri mpeni wa ophika wamtundu waku Japan wotchedwa "gyuto" kapena mpeni wamasamba wotchedwa "nakiri." Ndi kayendedwe ka madzimadzi, amadula diagonal kupyola muzosakaniza.
• Kuzungulira ndi kudulidwa kachiwiri: Pambuyo podulidwa koyambirira, wophika amatembenuza chopangira madigiri 90 ndikusunga ngodya ya digirii 45. Kuzungulira uku kumapanga mtanda wooneka ngati diamondi. Kenako, amapanganso chodulira china chofanana ndi choyambirira, ndikumaliza kudula kwa Rangiri.
• Kusasinthasintha ndi kulondola: Ophika ku Japan amayesetsa kusasinthasintha komanso kulondola pazakudya zawo za Rangiri. Amafuna kupanga mtundu uliwonse wa makulidwe ofanana kuti atsimikizire ngakhale kuphika komanso kukopa chidwi. Kukwaniritsa kufanana ndi kulinganiza pakati pa mabala nakonso ndikofunikira.
• Msonkhano: Zidutswa za Rangiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana kuti ziwonjezere kuwonetsera kwa mbale. Zitha kuphatikizidwa mu saladi, zokazinga, kapena zokonzedwa ngati zokongoletsa pa mbale za sushi, mabokosi a bento, kapena zakudya zamtundu wa kaiseki.

Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kudula kwa Rangiri kumafuna kuyeserera komanso luso kuti muthe kuchita bwino. 

Ophika ku Japan amathera zaka zambiri akuwongolera luso lawo la mpeni ndikumvetsetsa mawonekedwe azinthu zosiyanasiyana kuti apange macheka osasinthasintha komanso owoneka bwino a Rangiri.

Kudziwa kusasinthasintha ndi kufanana

Kupeza kukakamizidwa kosasintha ndikuwongolera mpeni panthawi yonse yodula ya Rangiri ndikofunikira kuti pakhale zotsatira zofanana. 

Nazi njira zina zokuthandizani kuti muzitha kuwongolera mipeni ndi kukakamiza:

1. Kugwira molimba: Gwirani mpeniwo ndi kuugwira molimba koma momasuka, kuonetsetsa kuti zala zanu zikukulunga molimba pa chogwiriracho. Izi zimapereka bata ndi kuwongolera pamene mukupanga mabala.
2. Kuyenda koyendetsedwa: Chitani zodulazo mwadala komanso mowongolera. Pewani kuchita zinthu mopupuluma kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mopitirira muyeso, chifukwa izi zingayambitse mabala osagwirizana. Pitirizani kuyenda mokhazikika komanso mosalala panthawi yonse yodula.
3. Kusuntha kwamasamba mosalala: Atsogolereni mpeni kudzera muzosakaniza mukuyenda kwamadzimadzi, kusunga liwiro lokhazikika. Izi zimathandiza kuti tsambalo liziyenda nthawi zonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zodula.
4. Yang'anani pa mzere wodula: Samalani kwambiri pamzere wodula ndikusunga njira yokhazikika pamene mukudula. Onani m'maganizo mawonekedwe ndi ngodya yomwe mukufuna, ndipo tsatirani ndendende.
5. Yesani kuwongolera kuthamanga: Ikani kukakamiza kosasinthasintha pamene mukudula. Pewani kukanikiza kwambiri, chifukwa kungayambitse mpeni kutsetsereka kapena kupanga mabala osagwirizana. Yesetsani kukakamiza pang'onopang'ono komanso kolamuliridwa komwe kumapangitsa kuti tsambalo lizitha kuyenda bwino muzosakaniza.

Makulidwe amtundu umodzi komanso kuya kwa macheka a Rangiri ndikofunikira osati pazokongoletsa zokha komanso pakuwonetsetsa kuti nthawi zonse kuphika. 

Kupatula apo, chimodzi mwazolinga zodula masamba munjira ya rangiri ndikupangitsa kuti aziphika molingana ndikuwapanga kukhala ofanana kukula kotero kuti chidutswa chilichonse chimatenga kukoma kofanana. 

Nawa maupangiri okuthandizani kuti mukwaniritse zofananira pamacheka anu a Rangiri:

1. Kuyanjanitsa kwa mpeni: Pitirizani kukhala ndi ngodya yosasinthasintha ndi tsamba pamene mukudula. Izi zimathandiza kuonetsetsa kuti kuya kwa mabala kumakhalabe kofanana.
2. Kuyika bwino: Samalani kuyika kwa chosakaniza pa bolodi lodula. Onetsetsani kuti ndi yokhazikika komanso yokhazikika bwino kuti muchepetse molondola.
3. Kuyerekeza kowoneka: Khazikitsani kulingalira kowoneka kuti muwone makulidwe omwe mukufuna ndi kuya kwa gawo lililonse. Luso limeneli limabwera ndi chizolowezi komanso zokumana nazo.
4. Kukonza mpeni pafupipafupi: Sungani mpeni wanu wakuthwa ndi kusamalidwa bwino. Tsamba losawoneka bwino lingayambitse mabala osagwirizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupeza makulidwe ndi kuya kosasinthasintha.
5. Zosakaniza zabwino: Sankhani zosakaniza zomwe zili zatsopano komanso zazikulu zofananira. Izi zimathandiza kukwaniritsa mabala a yunifolomu monga kusiyana kwa kapangidwe kake ndi kulimba kungakhudze ndondomeko yodula.

Poyang'ana kwambiri kuwongolera mipeni ndi kukakamiza komanso kulabadira makulidwe ndi kuya, mutha kukonza kusasinthika komanso kufananiza kwa mabala anu a Rangiri. 

Ndikuchita komanso kuleza mtima, mudzatha kupanga mbale zowonetsedwa bwino zomwe zikuwonetsa luso panjira yolondolayi.

Kodi kudula kwa rangiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito chiyani?

Kudula kwa Rangiri, komwe kumakhala ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera komanso opatsa chidwi, kuli ndi ntchito zingapo pazakudya zaku Japan. Nazi zina mwazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Rangiri:

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito Rangiri sikungotengera zitsanzo zomwe zaperekedwa pamwambapa.

Luso ndi luso la ophika nthawi zambiri limabweretsa ntchito zatsopano komanso zatsopano za njira yodulira iyi, kuwonetsa kusinthasintha komanso luso la zakudya zaku Japan.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa Rangiri ndi Sengiri?

Rangiri ndi sengiri onse ndi njira zodulira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzakudya zaku Japan, koma zimasiyana malinga ndi mawonekedwe ndi mbali ya mabala.

Kudula kwa Rangiri kumaphatikizapo kupanga ma diagonal kapena katatu pamakona a digirii 45.

Chophatikiziracho chimadulidwa koyamba mwa diagonally, kenako chimazunguliridwa madigiri 90 musanapangenso kudulidwa kwachiwiri pamadigiri 45. 

Njira imeneyi imapangitsa kuti pakhale zidutswa zosagwirizana komanso zomangira, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala ngati diamondi kapena katatu. 

Kudula kwa Rangiri kumawonjezera chidwi, mawonekedwe, ndi luso lazakudya, zomwe zimawonjezera chiwonetsero chake chonse.

Sengiri kudula, kumbali ina, kumaphatikizapo kupanga masiketi owongoka, owonda, ndi ofanana. Mawu akuti "sengeri" amatanthawuza "wodulidwa pang'ono" mu Japanese. 

Zosakaniza nthawi zambiri zimadulidwa kukhala mizere yopyapyala, yamakona anayi, kapena julienne, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi mamilimita 2-3 mu makulidwe.

Mabala a Sengiri nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu monga kaloti, daikon radishes, kapena masamba ena. 

Amakonda kuwonedwa muzakudya zaku Japan monga saladi, zokazinga, ndi mbale zamasamba.

Mwachidule, pomwe Rangiri ndi sengiri zimaphatikiza njira zodulira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzakudya zaku Japan, kudula kwa Rangiri kumapanga mawonekedwe osakhazikika, aang'ono okhala ndi ma diagonal, pomwe sengiri kudula kumatulutsa timizere tating'ono, yunifolomu kapena magawo. 

Kusankha pakati pa njira ziwirizi kumatengera mawonekedwe owoneka, mawonekedwe, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mkati mwa mbale inayake.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa Rangiri ndi Ken?

Chabwino, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa variri ndi ken cut, yomwe imatchedwanso "noodle cut," ngakhale sichigwiritsidwa ntchito podula Zakudyazi, ndi mawonekedwe ake. 

Mabala amitunduri amapatsa masamba mawonekedwe a diamondi kapena katatu, pomwe ken odulidwa amasintha masamba kukhala timizere tating'ono tofanana ndi mawonekedwe a Zakudyazi za ku Japan ngati soba. 

Kwenikweni, The Ken cut amatanthauza njira yodulira daikon radish ku Japan. 

Njirayi imaphatikizapo kupanga zidutswa zoonda kwambiri za daikon zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotsuka mkamwa pakati pa kulumidwa ndi sashimi. 

Mizere ya daikon radish (kapena masamba ena ofanana) ndi owonda kwambiri amafanana ndi Zakudyazi monga udon kapena soba.

Kuti akwaniritse kudulidwa kwa ken, wina amatsata njira zopangira pepala lalitali la daikon, ndikulidula m'mabwalo a mainchesi atatu, ndikuyika mabwalowo kuti adulidwe, ndikupanga zidutswa za julienne pafupifupi 3/1-inch. 

Pamadulidwe amtundu wa Ken, zidutswa za julienne zitha kudulidwa bwino kwambiri.

Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mabala a rangiri ndi okulirapo, ndipo amawoneka ngati diamondi kapena katatu, ndipo mabala amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pa kaloti ndi nkhaka. 

Kodi Rangiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito podula masamba okha?

Moni, anzanga okonda veji! Kodi mukufuna kudziwa za njira yodulira yaku Japan yotchedwa rangiri?

Chabwino, ndikuuzeni, si zamasamba zokha! 

Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito podula masamba monga kaloti, nkhaka, daikon radishes, ndi gobo, angagwiritsidwenso ntchito podula mitundu ina ya zakudya.

Njirayi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazipatso, monga mavwende, maapulo, kapena chinanazi, kupanga zowoneka bwino komanso zokongoletsa.

Kuphatikiza apo, kudula kwa Rangiri nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza nsomba zam'madzi.

Mwachitsanzo, minyewa ya nsomba imatha kudulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya Rangiri kupanga zidutswa zamakona zomwe zimakulitsa mawonekedwe a mbale za sushi kapena sashimi. Zimawonjezera kukhudzika kwa kukongola ndi luso lazojambula pazakudya zam'nyanja.

Kuphatikiza apo, kudula kwa Rangiri kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu monga tofu kapena khungu lolimba la tofu, kuwasintha kukhala zidutswa zowoneka bwino zamakona atatu kapena ngati diamondi. 

Njirayi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito muzakudya monga hiyayakko (chilled tofu) kapena zokazinga kuti ziwoneke bwino.

Ngakhale kudula kwa Rangiri nthawi zambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi masamba, kusinthasintha kwake kumalola kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. 

Ophika nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njirayi kuti apititse patsogolo kukongola ndi kuwonetsera kwathunthu kwa mbale zosiyanasiyana, kufufuza zomwe zingatheke kuposa kudula masamba.

Tengera kwina

Pomaliza, kudula kwa Rangiri ndi njira yolemekezeka muzakudya zaku Japan zomwe zimawonjezera luso komanso kukongola kwa mbale. 

Ndi mawonekedwe ake osakhazikika komanso aang'ono omwe amapangidwa kudzera m'madula a diagonal pa ngodya ya digirii 45, kudula kwa Rangiri kumawonjezera kukopa komanso kuwonetsa zosakaniza. 

Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ndiwo zamasamba, njira yodulirayi imakulitsa luso lake ku zipatso, nsomba zam'madzi, komanso tofu, zomwe zimalola ophika kuti awonetse luso lawo ndikukweza zodyeramo.

Bwanji osagwiritsa ntchito rangiri kudula tofu chokoma ichi (koma chokometsera!) Chinsinsi cha mapo tofu cha ku Japan!

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Joost Nusselder, yemwe anayambitsa Bite My Bun ndi wotsatsa, bambo ndipo amakonda kuyesa chakudya chatsopano ndi zakudya zaku Japan pamtima pa chilakolako chake, ndipo limodzi ndi gulu lake akhala akupanga zolemba zakuya za blog kuyambira 2016 kuthandiza owerenga okhulupirika ndi maphikidwe ndi nsonga zophika.