Chii chinonzi umami flavour? Mashiripiti echishanu kuravira akatsanangura
Kana iwe ukanzwa izwi rokuti umami, iwe unogona kunge uri kutaura nezvechiJapan chikafu. Zvokudya zvakaita sesoya, muto wehove, dashi, howa muto zvinogona kutsanangurwa seine umami flavour.
Umami zvinoreva "kunakirwa kunonaka kana kuravira". Kunyange zvazvo rakawanikwa makore apfuura, shoko racho harisati rakakurumbira zvakadaro kuMadokero.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, haunganzwe vanhu vachishandisa izwi iri kunze kweJapan. Imhaka yekuti yakawanikwa nemusayendisiti wekuJapan mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechi20.
MuJapan, umami inoreva kuravira kwechishanu, kunozivikanwa sekunaka, kunobva ku glutamate. Haina kutapira kana munyu, kuvava kana kuvava, asi chimwe chinhu zvachose. Umami akapfuma, senyama nemuto.
Mune ino post, ini ndichakurukura nezvese zvinhu umami, izvo zvikafu zvirimo, kuti ungazviwedzera sei pakudya kwako, uye kunyange kukuudza ipfupi nhoroondo yekuwanikwa kwayo.
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Chii chinonzi umami?
Umami ndeimwe yezvishanu zvinonaka zvinonaka zvinonzi zvinonaka.
Chii chinoita kuti kuravira kuve kwakasiyana ndeyekuti haugone kudzoreredza kunaka nekusanganisa zvimwe zvinonaka.
Saka, semuenzaniso, haugone kugadzira kunaka kunotapira kana ukasanganisa umami nemunyu, kana kuvava nekuvava. Umami yakasiyana mukunaka uye haugone kudzokorora kunakidza uku nezvimwe zvinonaka.
Zvichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvina zvinodiwa zvinokosha (zvinotapira, kuvava, zvine munyu, uye zvinovava), umami zvichida ndiyo yakapfava.
Neimwe nzira, umami kuravira kunonakidza asi kusinganzwisisike zvekuenda kusingaonekwe nevakawanda pakudya.
Kana uine zvimwe inopisa dashi muto nemanoodles uye nyama yemombe yakabikwa, pamwe hauzopepereswi nekunakirwa kwayo kwakasiyana. Asi, kana uine Goya inovava kwazvo (gaka rinovava) unoziva kunhuhwirira kwekutanga kuravira.
Kana iwe uchidya umami chikafu, ine nyoro mushure mekuda kunowedzera salivation uye kunzwa kwekunzwa parurimi.
Inosiya muromo-inodiridza uye ichida zvakawanda nekukurudzira denga remuromo wako nehuro.
Saka, umami haigone kutsanangura kunze kwekunge wairavira.
Asi, iyo yepedyo yaunogona kusvika pakuitsanangura kunaka. Kuti uone umami, imwe seti yekuravira yakasiyana inoshandiswa, kwete yakafanana neiyo inonaka zvinotapira kana munyu.
Chii chinoita umami chikafu?
Izvo zvese zvine chekuita nemakemikari, makomisheni, uye amino acids.
Saka, umami flavour inobva kupi?
Umami mhedzisiro yemakomponi uye amino acids.
Kuvapo kwe glutamic acid (amino acid glutamate), kana makomisheni anonzi inosinate uye guanylate anopa chikafu kuravira kweumami. Aya makomisheni uye amino acids anowanzo kuwanikwa mune yakakwira-protein chikafu.
Zvokudya zvine yakakwira glutamate yemukati, senge dashi, vanonzi umami. Iyi umami stock ndiyo hwaro hwezvikafu zvakawanda zvinonaka zveJapan.
Umami anowedzera kunakidza kunonakidza kuchikafu uye zvakare anodzivirira havi kuitira kuti umami chikafu chinzi chine hutano.
Kana zvabatanidzwa nezvimwe zvinonaka, zvinogadzira kunaka kwakakomberedzwa kwakanaka kunoita kuti vanhu varambe vachida zvimwe.
Chikonzero nei zvikafu zveumami zvichipinda muropa seMSG-zvinonaka zvikafu zvekutsanya ndechekuti iyi yakasarudzika flavour inoita kuti kuravira kwako kushuvire kunaka kweumami.
Kuti umami yakaenzana sei nezvimwe zvinonaka zvinonaka sezvinotapira, kuvava, munyu, uye zvinovava zvinokanganisa kuti chikafu chinonaka sei.
Umami ine zvinhu zvitatu zvakasiyana
Sezvo umami iri kunhuhwirira kwakasiyana kubva kune vamwe, ine 3 chaiyo zvivakwa:
- Kuravira kweumami kunopararira nerurimi rwako.
- Iyo aftertaste yeumami yakareba kudarika kutapira, kuvava, munyu, kuvava.
- Kudya dhishi rine umami-flavored zvinopa kunwisa mukanwa.
Sei nyama umami?
Nyama ine hupfumi hwakawanda uye inoonekwa sechiratidzo chikuru chezvinonaka umami.
Nyama isati yaendeswa kunotengeswa kuchitoro, inongotanga kuchembera. Nyama inowanzogadzirwa neprotein, asi puroteni iyi haina kunaka.
Protein, zvisinei, inoumbwa neketani refu chaiyo yeamino acids - makumi maviri kuti ive chaiyo. Inenge 20% yeamino acids aya glutamate. Ndosaka nyama ichinaka umami.
Sezvo puroteni yenyama inoputsika, inopa nyama iyo chaiyo uye inosiyanisa inonaka.
Umami inoonekwa pai parurimi?
Chokwadi, umami unoonekwa parurimi rwako. Paunodya uye uchitsenga zvinhu zvine umami, rurimi rwako runozivisa uropi uye iwe uchanzwa kuti Yummy kuravira.
Umami inomutsa kuravira (zvinogamuchirika) parurimi rwako. Zvadaro, kana mabukira angoziva umami, tsinga dzinotumira zviratidzo kuuropi hwako.
Kune zvakare tsinga uye zvinogamuchira mudumbu mako uye izvi zvinotumira uropi hwako zviratidzo zvekuti vanoona umami kuburikidza ne vagus nerve.
Umami inoitei kumuviri?
Umami haatombova nezvinokanganisa muviri. Haisi yekurunga semunyu inogona kukonzera zvirwere zvemoyo nezvimwe nyaya dzehutano.
Kana kuravira kwerurimi rwako kunonzwa glutamate, inoudza muviri kuti yakadya mapuroteni.
Kana muviri wanzwa umami, unokonzera mate uye kugadzirwa kwemuto wekugaya izvo zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuti muviri ugaye chikafu.
Sei umami yakanaka kudaro?
Chikonzero chikuru nei umami yakanaka kwazvo ndeyekuti inovandudza uye inowedzera kunaka kweimwe ndiro iyo inowedzerwa.
Asi, pamwe unobvunzawo kuti sei tichida umami zvakanyanya?
Miviri yedu yakagadzirwa nemapuroteni nemvura. Muviri wemunhu unoburitsa angangoita 40 magiramu e glutamate pazuva, saka tinoda kuti tirarame.
Muviri unogara uchishuvira umami uye denatured protein nekuti inoda kuzadzazve amino acid yayo.
Saka, usanzwa uine mhosva kana iwe uchishuva iyo umami kuravira nguva dzese, yakajairika. Amino acids yakakosha kumuviri.
Wanga uchiziva here kuti mukaka wezamu une ma glutamates akawanda - zvakapetwa kagumi pamukaka wemhou? Saka isu takagadzirirwa kuravira umami kubva pakuzvarwa, tinoishuva mukukura zvakare.
Umami neMSG zvakafanana here?
Mazuva ano, vagadziri vanowedzera MSG kune chikafu kuti vape iyo umami flavour.
MSG (monosodium glutamate) ine mbiri yakaipa seyakashata asi inopedzwa muhuwandu hudiki, yakachengeteka.
MSG inewo yakafanana amino acid inonzi glutamate seumami chaiyo. Iyi morekuru inomutsa kuravira kwako uye inoita kuti chikafu chinakidze.
Saka, hongu, MSG uye umami zvinoravira zvakafanana nekuti zvine yakafanana glutamic asidhi asi kuwana umami kubva ku kombu mune dashi stock, semuenzaniso, ine hutano pane kudya mbiya yekutora yakazara neMSG yakawedzerwa.
Umami uye zvinonaka zvakafanana here?
Hongu, umami uye savory zvakafanana nekuti umami inotsanangurwa zvakanyanya seinonaka.
Izvi zvinoreva chikafu chakapfuma, chine nyama. Neimwe nzira, vegans vanogona kufananidza kuravira kune howa uye gungwa (kombu).
Savory inowanzotsanangurwa seyakapesana nekutapira uye munyu.
Umami yakasiyana sei nemunyu?
Vanhu vanogara vachibvunza kuti "umami inongova munyu?" asi iyi ifungidziro isiriyo.
Chokwadi ndechekuti umami hausi munyu chaiwo. Umami uye munyu/sodium zvinonaka zviviri zvakasiyana. Chokwadi, ese ari maviri emamwe mashanu ekutanga kuravira asi pane musiyano.
Umami inoreva kunzwa kwekunakirwa nepo munyu unoreva sodium uye zvinonaka zvine chekuita nesodium.
Munyu i sodium chloride nepo umami iri glutamate. Musiyano ndiwo kunaka.
Zvese munyu uye umami zvinoita kuti chikafu cheJapan chinakidze zvakasiyana asi umami chinochipa nyama yakawanda, yakapfuma kuravira. Unoziva kuti munyu unonaka sei uye kuti unochinja sei kunakirwa kwendiro.
Ndeupi muenzaniso weumami? (Top umami foods)
Zvakanaka, saka umami inonakidza, asi ndezvipi zvekudya zvinonyatsoonekwa semami echokwadi?
Zvakanaka, zvakawanda zvekudya zvine umami zvinhu kana kuti umami zvachose.
Zvikafu zvine hunyoro hweumami hwakasimba zvinosanganisira:
- nyama
- dzemugungwa
- hove
- hove dzakachengetedzwa (anchovies, sardines kunyanya)
- hove muto
- soy sauce
- kombu (kelp)
- dashi stock
- mushroom
- hadiyo
- oyster mchuzi
- cheese
- tomate uye ketchup
- hydrolyzed yemiriwo protein
- oyster mchuzi
- yeast extract
- pizi dzakasvibirira
- chibage
- miso
Kune akawanda umami chikafu, asi zvakanyanya, chero chinhu chine yakakwira glutamate yemukati inogona kunzi umami. Zvizhinji zvechiJapan cuisine zvine zvinonaka zveumami-zvinonaka zvinosiya muromo wako uchidiridza.
Nzira yekuwana sei umami flavour
Iwe unogona kuwana umami flavour kubva kune chaiwo umami-flavored foods like kelp kana zvikafu zvakaviriswa.
Asi, paunenge uchibika iwe unogona kuisa mamwe umami zvigadzirwa kuti uvandudze kuravira kwekudya.
Nzira yakanakisa yekuita izvi ndeye kushandisa chikafu chakaviriswa chine yakakwirira umami yemukati senge miso paste, kana chembere uye yakaviriswa cheese.
Iwe unogona kushandisa umami-rich chikafu sekelp paunenge uchibika muto. Kana, wedzera matomatisi nehowa pamwe chete nenyama.
Nyama yakaporeswa izerewo neumami kuravira uye ndizvo zvakaita nyama dzakura.
Iwe unogonawo kuwedzera anchovy paste, ketchup, kana minced garlic kune soup, stew, uye mamwe madhishi kuitira kuti inakidze umami.
Chekupedzisira, iwe unogona kungowedzera yakachena MSG kurunga kune chikafu. Ichamutsa zvinoravira zvinogamuchira parurimi rwako uye kuita kuti unzwe zvese izvo umami zvinonaka.
Heino chikafu chinonaka chine PERFECT umami musanganiswa: Wafu pasta recipe ne spaghetti nemaprawn
Unogona kutenga umami?
Hongu, unogona kutenga zvimwe zvekudya izvo zvinokupa iyo umami kuravira iwe yauri kutsvaga.
Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa yekubika mwaka ndeye MSG.
The Ajinomoto Umami Seasoning chirunga chinowanzobva kuJapan uye chinoshandiswa mukutora ndiro senge Teriyaki huku kupa dhishi kuti muropa mouthwatering hwema.
Kurunga uku kunotengeswa muhupfu. Kunyange paine makakatanwa mazhinji ekuti MSG yakakunakira here kana kuti kwete, unogona kuipedza zvakachengeteka zvine mwero ndosaka ichitenderwa neFDA.
Saka, kunze kweMSG poda yakagadzirwa naKikunae Ikeda (zvimwe pane iri pazasi), unogona kutenga mapete nehupfu hunokupa iwe umami kuravira.
Takii Umami Powder Mushonga unokosha weumami wakagadzirwa kubva kuhowa hweshiitake. Yakapfuma mu glutamate uye inopa chikafu chechokwadi uye chakakosha kuravira kwekunaka.
Umami paste imwe sarudzo yekupa ndiro dzako umami-rich flavour. Yakapfuma mu glutamate uye inogona kugadzirwa kumba kubva kumiso, gungwa, maorivhi, anchovies, uye parmesan cheese, zvese zvakasanganiswa pamwechete.
Ndinoda kushandisa Ravira #5 Umami Paste Laura Santini iyo inogadzirwa nematomatisi.
Unogonawo kutenga chaiwo kombu dashi stock, iyo zvakare yakakwirira mu glutamate kubva kugungwa regungwa.
Inonaka umami uye inopa muto uye noodle ndiro inoshamisa inonaka uye ine munyu kuravira. Iyi kombu dashi stock powder yakanakira kubika umami akapfuma soups nemabroths.
Yondu Vegetable Umami is a plant-based seasoning soso, yakakodzera kune vegetarians nemavegans futi.
Zvadaro, pane classic Kikkoman soy muto izvo vanhu vazhinji vanoziva nazvo.
Inopindirana zvakanaka nenyama, hove, miriwo, mupunga, noodles, uye kunyange ndiro dzakadzika-zvakakangwa. Inopa iyo yekutanga kuravira kweyakanaka glutamate.
verenga zvimwe nezve yakakurumbira Kikkoman brand uye masosi ayo pano.
Imwe nzira iri nyore yekuwedzera umami ndeye kushandisa ketchup sechinhu chinoputira pakudya kwako. The Yakanaka Yakagadzirwa Tomato Ketchup ishanduro ine hutano yemubhodhoro ine isiri-GMO uye gluten-isina zvigadzirwa.
Kana miso paste inonzi umami nekuti inogadzirwa nesoya beans yakaviriswa. Inowedzera kunaka kukuru kune ndiro dzeJapan. Inonaka, inotapira, kuvava, munyu, uye inonaka zvese kamwechete.
Verenga zvese nezve pamusoro 5 miso pastes kune umami-rich flavour.
Ndechipi chikafu chine umami zvakanyanya?
Umami aripo mune zvese zvekudya pasi rese, kwete chete Chikafu cheJapan.
Ndinofunga kuti uchashamisika kuziva kuti chikafu chine umami yakawanda inonaka imatomatisi. Madomasi ese uye kunyanya akaomeswa madomasi ane glutamate-akapfuma uye ane kunhuhwirira kwakanyanya.
Zvimwe zvakanyanya umami zvekudya zvinosanganisira:
- anchovies
- akaporesa ham
- Parmesan cheese
- kombu gungwa
- chizi yakaviriswa
- Worcestershire sauce
- chikafu chetsika
- mushroom
Zvokudya zvinova sei umami?
Wanga uchiziva here kuti zvikamu zvekudya zvinogona kuwedzera umami mushure mekuita maitiro ekuibva kana kuviriswa, kana zvese zviri zviviri.
Ndosaka zvisingashamisi kuti zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa uye zvechinyakare zvinonaka ndezviya zvakaviriswa.
Condiments senge miso paste, muto wehove, oyster muto, uye soy muto zvinowedzera kunakirwa kwavo nekufamba kwenguva. Izvi zvakafanana zvinogona kutaurwa nezve chembere chizi iyo ine zvakare yakasimwa zvigadzirwa zvakare.
Avocado umami?
Avocado chimwe chezvokudya zvine utano. Asi waiziva here kuti avocado iumami zvakare?
Hongu, ine glutamate uye inonaka inonaka, saka yakanaka kwazvo umami.
Avocado ine hutano uye chikafu chepamusoro nekuti ine mafuta akawanda anovaka muviri. Inoumbwa neoleic acid, potasium, uye mavhitaminzi B, C, E & K.
Ndiani akawana umami?
Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti umami yakawanikwa mazana emakore zvakadaro, asi kwete.
Kana iwe uchinetseka kuti umami yakawanikwa riini, iwe uchashamisika kuziva kuti yaingova mukutanga 1900s.
Muchokwadi, umami yakawanikwa mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechi20 mushure mekutsvaga kwakawanda.
In 1907, musayendisiti Kikunae Ikeda weImperial University yeTokyo akawana umami. Akanga achidzidza zvinonaka nemakomisheni ekelp, aiwanzo shandiswa kugadzira muto.
Muzvinafundo Kikunae Ikeda vakaona kunhuhwirira kwaibatanidza zvikafu zvakawanda asi haana kukwanisa kunyatsozvironga kuti zvive chimwe chinhu chinonaka, kuvava, munyu, kana kuvava.
Nokudaro, akawana iyi umami inonaka, kuravira kwechishanu, pakuongorora zvinhu zviri muchikafu.
Mushure mekuongorora muto nesoups zvomudzimai wake, akawana izvozvo kombu gungwa ine umami flavour. Nokudaro akakwanisa kuziva glutamic acid seamino acid inokonzera umami muna 1908.
Asi, inguva pfupi yapfuura, kuti umami yakaziviswa zviri pamutemo kuravira kwemunhu wechishanu. Mumakore ekuma1980, Japan yakaona umami sechinonaka chakasiyana kubva paitapira, kuvava, munyu, uye kuvava.
Kugadzirwa kweumami seasoning
Umami flavour yaive yakakurumbira uye yaidiwa mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechi20 Japan. Naizvozvo, purofesa Ikeda aida kugadzira umami yakarungwa yaigona kushandiswa nevanhu pakubika.
Aifanira kuve nechokwadi chekuti glutamic acid ine hunhu hwakafanana kune humwe huturu semunyu uye shuga. Aida kuti mwaka unyungudika nemvura uye urambe hunyoro uye udzivise kuoma nenguva.
Muzvinafundo akauya ne monosodium glutamate (MSG).
Iyi yakanga ine umami yakasimba uye inonaka uye yaichengetwa zvakanaka mumabhodhoro. Munguva pfupi, MSG yakave yakakurumbira muto mundiro dzeJapan.
Tora woenda nazvo
Iye zvino zvaunoziva kuti umami inongova chero chikafu chine kunaka kunonaka, unogona kutanga kuedza kuzviona mundiro dzako. Iko kuravira kwe glutamate hakuenzaniswi kune zvimwe zvina zvakakosha zvinonaka.
Kana iwe uchinge wanyatso gadzira yako yekuravira kuti uone ichi sechimwe chezvishanu zvekutanga kuravira, iwe unozoona kuti nei zvimwe zvekudya zviri nani kupfuura zvimwe.
Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti iwe unogona kugadzira yako umami paste kana kushandisa dashi stock kuti upe mapeji neumami kuravira kumba.
Uyezve dzidza nezve Takoyaki yakasarudzika kuravira, kuravira kusiana & kuzadza mazano
Tarisa bhuku redu idzva rekubika
Bitemybun's mhuri yekubika ine yakazara chikafu kuronga uye resipi gwara.
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Joost Nusselder, muvambi weBite My Bun mushambadzi wemukati, baba uye vanofarira kuyedza chikafu chitsva nechikafu cheJapan pamoyo pechishuwo chake, uye pamwe chete nechikwata chake anga achigadzira zvakadzama blog zvinyorwa kubvira 2016 kubatsira vakavimbika vaverengi nemaresipi uye matipi ekubika.
