I-Miso Paste Yachaza: Izinhlobo Ezi-4 Nezigidi Zokusebenzisa

About the Author: Joost Nusselder, umbhali wencwadi yokupheka ye-Essential Japanese meal planner cookbook Kubuyekezwe Agasti 20, 2022

UMiso a isinongo unama okhiqizwa ukuvutshelwa ubhontshisi ngosawoti kanye ne-koji (Aspergillus oryzae) esetshenziswa ekuphekeni kwesiJapane ukunikeza okuqinile “umami” ukunambitheka. Isetshenziswa isisekelo se-aa samasoso nama-marinades futhi yaziwa kakhulu ngokusetshenziswa kwayo ne-dashi njengesobho le-miso.

I-Miso inamaminerali amaningi namavithamini futhi inamaprotheni amaningi, ngakho-ke i-miso idlale indima ebalulekile yokudla okunomsoco e-feudal Japan.

I-Miso ibilokhu isetshenziswa kabanzi e-Japan kusukela lapho, kokubili ekuphekeni kwendabuko nesimanje, futhi ibilokhu ithola ukuthandwa emhlabeni wonke.

I-Miso ivamise ukuba nosawoti, kodwa ukunambitheka kwayo nephunga layo kuncike ezintweni ezihlukahlukene ezithakweni kanye ukuvutshelwa inqubo.

Izinhlobo ezehlukene ze-miso ziye zachazwa njengezinosawoti, ezinoshukela, ezinomhlaba, ezinezithelo, nezinambitheka.

I-analogue yesiShayina ye-miso yaziwa ngokuthi i-dòujiàng (豆酱).

Kunezinhlobo okungenani eziyinkulungwane zezinhlobo ze-miso paste, ezinemibala ehlukene, ukunambitheka, nokwakheka.

Isikhathi sokuhlola: ngabe yini le miso paste empeleni eyenziwe ngayo, futhi kungani ithandwa?

IMiso paste iyasebenziseka, futhi amaJapan ayisebenzisa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene. Cabanga ngakho njengohlobo lwesinongo.

Bheka incwadi yethu entsha yokupheka

Izindlela zokupheka zomndeni wakwa-Bitemybun ezinohlelo lokudla oluphelele kanye nomhlahlandlela weresiphi.

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Yini ekumiso miso?

I-Miso paste ingenziwa ngokukhethwa kwezithako ukuze kuzuzwe izinhlobo ezintathu ze-miso. Isisekelo sayo yonke i-miso unamathisele ubhontshisi wesoya, usawoti, i-koji (ukhunta), futhi kungaba ilayisi, ibhali, noma nokunye okufana nokolweni (okusanhlamvu) kwengezwa ukuze kuzuzwe izinhlobo ezahlukene.

Isithako esibalulekile ku-miso paste nguKoji (Aspergillus oryzae), okuyigama lesiJapane elisho ukhunta nesikhunta.

I-Miso iwukudla okuthuthukisiwe, okuncike kubhaktheriya nokuvutshelwa.

I-Koji iyisikhunta esibizwa nangokuthi i-Aspergillus Oryzae, futhi isetshenziswa njengesisekelo noma njengesiqalo se-fungus spore ukwenza ukudla okubilile.

Njengoba iKoji iqala ukukhula nokufukamela, ikhipha i-glutamate. Lokhu kungumphumela wesitashi esiphenduka ushukela. Ngenxa yalokho, unamathisela uthola lokho kunambitheka kwe-umami.

I-koji ixutshwe nelayisi, ubhontshisi, kanye nebhali (noma okunye okusanhlamvu) ukwenza i-miso. Le nhlanganisela iba nenqubo yokuvutshelwa.

Ukunambitheka kwe-umami kuncike ekutheni inqubo yokuvutshelwa yinde kangakanani. Uma ibila isikhathi eside, inamandla ukunambitheka kwe-miso futhi umbala ube mnyama.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukene zemiso?

Ama-miso asetshenziswa kakhulu amhlophe, aphuzi futhi abomvu. Lezi yizinhlobo eziyisisekelo zemiso; kodwa-ke, kunamanye ama-misos ahlukahlukene asetshenziselwa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezitsha zaseJapan.

Mhlawumbe uyazibuza, “uyini umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-miso?”

Abakhiqizi beMiso bangadlala nxazonke ngama-flavour, ngakho-ke kukhona ama-miso flavour amaningi. Kuya ngenani le-koji, ubhontshisi, ilayisi, noma ibhali ekuxubeni.

Kulesi sigaba, ngizozichaza zonke nokuthi zilungele ini.

Izinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zokunamathisela kwe-miso yilezi:

1. I-miso emhlophe – i-shiromiso – inombala ophuzi okhanyayo kakhulu kanye nokunambitha okuthambile.
2. I-miso ephuzi - umbala we-shinshumiso – umbala ophuzi nokunambitheka okuqinile kunokwamhlophe - uvame ukwenziwa ngebhali esikhundleni selayisi.
3. I-Red miso - akamiso - umbala omnyama - ukunambitheka okunamandla kakhulu, okunosawoti kakhulu futhi okhohlakele.
4. I-Awase miso, inhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezimbili noma ngaphezulu zokunamathisela kwe-miso, ngokuvamile i-shiro ne-aka.

ENyakatho Melika, kunesigaba esincane sesine esibizwa ngokuthi i-awase, okuyinhlanganisela yokunamathisela okumhlophe nokubomvu kwe-miso.

I-miso emhlophe - Shiro

Miso omhlophe noma i-Shiro miso iyona miso ovame ukuyibona isetshenziswa eziphuzweni nasemasaladini. Yenziwe ngobhontshisi wesoya obilile nerayisi, futhi naphezu kokubizwa ngokuthi i-miso emhlophe, inhlama empeleni inombala ophuzi omncane.

Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo ze-miso, i-miso emhlophe ivamise ukuvutshelwa isikhathi esifushane futhi inokunambitheka okumnandi okuncane.

Ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo okulula, i-miso emhlophe ibhekwa njengohlobo lwe-miso oluxubeka kakhulu emakethe futhi lungatholakala kuzindlela zokupheka eziningi.

Ungapheka kanjani nge-miso emhlophe: Indlela engcono kakhulu yokupheka nge-miso emhlophe ukuyisebenzisa njenge-marinade noma kumasaladi. Uma uku ngifuna ukwenza isobho le-miso, i-miso emhlophe izophinde ibe ukukhetha okuhle njengoba ingenawo amandla amakhulu ukunambitha.

Ufuna ukuzama iMiso emhlophe? Bheka i-Miso Tasty Organic Shiro Coat Paste

I-miso ephuzi - Shinshu

I-miso ephuzi yaziwa nangokuthi i-Shinshu miso futhi yilokho ozovame ukukubona ezithombeni eziningi. Njenge-miso emhlophe, igama elithi miso eliphuzi alibonisi ngokuphelele umbala weqiniso we-miso njengoba libukeka kakhulu njengonamathisela onsundu.

I-miso ephuzi ivame ukwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ubhontshisi obilisiwe kanye nebhali. Izitsha ezenziwe nge-miso ephuzi ngokuvamile zithwala ukunambitheka okunamandla kwe-umami ngoba kushiywe ukuvutshelwa isikhathi eside kune-miso emhlophe.

Ungapheka kanjani nge-miso ephuzi: Ungasebenzisa i-miso ephuzi lapho ulungiselela ukugqoka isaladi noma ama-glazes e-sauce. Njengoba ukunambitheka kwe-miso ephuzi kunamandla kune-miso emhlophe, abanye abapheki noma abapheki bomndeni bangakhetha futhi ukusebenzisa i-miso ephuzi ukulungiselela amasobho.

I-miso ebomvu - Aka

I-red miso iyona ehogela kakhulu izinhlobo ezahlukene zemiso emakethe. Yaziwa nangokuthi i-Aka miso futhi mhlawumbe iyona kuphela i-miso eyiqiniso egameni layo ngoba uzoyibona ngesimo sokunamathisela okumnyama noma okubomvu.

I-miso ebomvu ivame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa ubhontshisi obilisiwe kanye nebhali noma ezinye izinhlobo zamabele. I-miso ebomvu ivame ukushiywa ukuze ibile isikhathi eside kunaleso se-miso emhlophe nephuzi ukufeza lo mbala.

Ngenxa yobude bokuvutshelwa, i-miso ebomvu nayo inosawoti kakhulu, ngakho-ke kuzofanela uyisebenzise ngokunakekela ekuphekeni kwakho. Abapheki abaningi basekhaya bangasebenzisa kuphela i-miso ebomvu encane esidlweni esigcwele ukunambitheka.

Ungapheka kanjani nge-red miso: I-miso ebomvu imvamisa ithwala i-umami eqinile, ikwenza kube kuhle ukuyisebenzisa uma upheka inyama noma imifino. Ngokungafani ne-miso emhlophe nephuzi, i-miso ebomvu ayihlali ilungele ukusetshenziswa kumasobho.

Hlola I-Red Hikari Organic Miso

Gourmet miso unama

Njengoba kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ze-miso, kunezinye izinketho ezifake izithako. Nazi izinhlobo ezine ezidumile ze-miso:

• IGenmai miso: yenziwe ngelayisi elinsundu futhi inokunambitheka kwamantongomane.
• I-Soba miso: yenziwe nge-buckwheat futhi inokunambitheka okufana ne-yakisoba noodle.
• UMugi miso: uqukethe okusanhlamvu okuncane kuphela, unokuhlushwa okuphezulu kosoya.
• Dashi miso unamathisela: lokhu kunamathisela kuqukethe idashi kuyo, okwenza kube isisekelo esihle sesobho se-miso. Ungayenza ngaphandle kwesitoko sedashi, ngokusebenzisa nje lokhu kunamathisela, engeza amanzi ashisayo, ama-noodle nemifino.

UMnyama Miso

Akucaci kahle ukuthi iyiphi iresiphi ngqo ye-miso emnyama. Abanye abantu bakwenza ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwamabhontshisi, kuyilapho kwezinye izingxenye zeJapane, kwenziwa ngamabhontshisi abilayo kanye nezinhlamvu ezimnyama, ngokuvamile okuyi-buckwheat.

Lolu hlobo lwe-miso lunambitheka kakhulu futhi luqinile.

Ungapheka kanjani nge-miso emnyama: Inamandla ekunambithekeni, ngakho-ke yisebenzise kancane bese uyifaka kusobho nenhlanzi, noma ezinye izitsha zenyama yokunambitheka okunamandla kakhulu kwe-umami.

Ibhali Miso

Yize ingathandwa kangako, ibhali miso lisanambitheka futhi limnandi, ikakhulukazi kumasobho. Iphrofayili yokunambitheka iphakathi kwemiso ebomvu nomhlophe. Inombala ophuzi onsundu.

Lokhu kunamathela kwe-miso kudume kakhulu ezifundeni ezimbili: iKyushu neShikoku.

Ungapheka kanjani ngebhali miso: Lolu hlobo lwe-miso luphelele kumasobho nama-marinade. Kepha abantu abaningi bayathanda ukukufaka ezingutsheni zesaladi. Futhi, igcwalisa imifino eminingi, ngakho-ke ungayisebenzisa njengesinongo.

Kungani i-miso paste ithandwa?

Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi limnandi futhi linambitheka, i-miso paste nayo inempilo.

Njengoba i-miso ingukudla okubilisiwe, iqukethe ama-bacterium “amahle” ama-probiotic, aziwa nangokuthi ama-gut gut bacteria anempilo, asiza ekugayeni ukudla.

I-Miso paste inikela enhlalakahleni yomgudu wokugaya ukudla. Futhi ingumthombo omuhle wamavithamini B, E, K, ne-folic acid.

Ngakho-ke, ungakucabanga lokhu kudla okunomsoco futhi okunempilo emzimbeni. Ukuphela kwento okufanele uyiqaphele ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-sodium.

Yilokho okube nomthelela ekudumeni kwe-miso ngokuhamba kwesikhathi emhlabeni jikelele, ikakhulukazi kusukela ngo-2010 lapho ukusesha kwe-miso kuqala ukukhula kakhulu.

IMiso inosawoti, kepha kunezinhlobo ezinama-sodium miso paste aphansi ane-sodium atholakalayo, njenge lena evela ku-brand Honzokuri.

Lokhu kunamathisela kune-sodium ephansi, okusho ukuthi okuqukethwe kasawoti kuncane kakhulu kune-miso ejwayelekile. Ayikho futhi i-MSG kumkhiqizo. I-miso ephuzi enokunambitheka okuphakathi.

Uyigcina kanjani i-miso paste?

Impilo eshalofini ye-miso paste okungenani unyaka owodwa, noma ngaphezulu, uma igcinwe esiqandisini, uma ivuliwe.

Indlela enhle yokugcina i-miso paste isesitsheni sayo sokuqala efrijini. Uma ususebenzisile, beka okugoqiwe epulasitiki ngaphezulu ukuvimbela i-oxidization.

Kunemininingwane eminingi ephikisanayo mayelana ne-miso, kepha silapha ukuze sikhanyise ngokwengeziwe ngayo.

I-Miso paste inesikhathi eside seshelufu inqobo nje uma uyigcina kahle. Ngemva kokuvula i-miso, faka ukugoqa kwepulasitiki bese uyimboza ngaphambi kokubeka isivalo futhi. Gcina i-miso esiqandisini.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umbala we-miso uba mnyama, kepha akusho ukuthi uhambe kabi, inqubo yemvelo ukuze ukwazi ukuwusebenzisa. Uma kukhona ukwakheka kwesikhunta noma iphunga elibi elibi, bese ulahla umkhiqizo kude.

Ngabe imiso ihamba kabi?

Njengoba i-miso ingukudla okubilisiwe, ayihambi ngokushesha okukhulu. I-miso ingukudla okulondolozayo ngoba inosawoti futhi igcwele amabhaktheriya akhulile.

IMiso ayimobi inqobo nje uma uyigcina efrijini. Ukunambitheka akuguquki futhi ungagcina i-miso cishe unyaka owodwa efrijini.

Impilo yeshalofu ye-miso iphakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-9-18.

Ngabe imiso iphilile?

Ukudla okubilisiwe ngokuvamile kunempilo ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-probiotic. UMiso uhlobo 'lokudla okuphezulu' olunezinzuzo eziningi zezempilo. Njengoba i-miso ingukudla okunamasiko nokuvutshiwe, ilungele uhlelo lokugaya ukudla.

Iqukethe ama-gut gut bacteria afaka isandla ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla olunempilo.

IMiso igcwele ama-amino acid, ithusi, i-zinc, i-omega-3 fatty acids, amavithamini we-B, namavithamini e-K, kanye nama-manganese.

Into okufanele uyiqaphele ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-sodium. Ngakho-ke, uma ungeke ukwazi ukudla ukudla okunosawoti, sebenzisa kuphela i-miso ngokulinganisela.

Ukuze uthole izinzuzo zokudla okunempilo kusuka ku-miso, yengeze ekudleni uma kungashisi kakhulu.

Umsuka we-miso

Isandulelo semiso yaseJapan kwakuyinamathisela yaseShayina ebilile ebizwa ngeJiang.

Kukholakala ukuthi lokhu kunamathisela okuvutshiwe okwenziwe ngobhontshisi kwalethwa eJapane izindela ezingamaBuddha ezivela eChina.

Amazwe amaningi ase-Asia athuthukise ukuhluka kwawo kwe-miso kepha unamathisela usenezithako ezifanayo nokunambitheka kwe-umami okujwayelekile.

EJapan, abantu bendawo benza i-miso ngelayisi elibilisiwe kanye nobhontshisi. Ukukhiqizwa kweMisa kwaqala ngekhulu le-17.

Kusukela lapho, i-miso isikhule ngokuthandwa ngoba abantu babona ukuthi iphilile futhi imnandi kanjani. UMiso unikeza noma yisiphi isidlo se-bland ukunambitheka okujulile komhlaba.

Kukhona impikiswano eqhubekayo mayelana nemvelaphi ngqo ye-miso paste. UMiso empeleni akusiyo into eyenziwe yiJapan. Ukunamathiswa okufanayo kwaqala ukusetshenziswa eChina ngekhulu lesi-4.

Yenziwe ngokuxuba ubhontshisi, utshwala, usawoti kanye nokolweni nokuvumela ingxube ibile.

Igama elithi 'miso' lavela okokuqala libhaliwe ngonyaka ka-800, futhi kusukela lapho, selibe yisithako esivamile ezitsheni eziningi zase-Asia.

UMiso wathuthela eJapane ngezindela zamaBuddhist esikhathini esithile ngekhulu lesi-7. Kulapho yaba yi-'miso 'njengoba siyazi namuhla.

Ezinye izithako zashintshwa, futhi ukunambitheka kwathuthukiswa. Uhlobo lwesiJapane lwe-miso paste yilona oludume kakhulu namuhla.

Ingabe i-miso vegan?

Izinhlobo eziningi ze-miso ziyi-vegan. Ukunamathisela uqobo akuqukethe izithako ezisuselwa ezilwaneni. Noma kunjalo, isobho se-miso asihlali njalo i-vegan.

Unamathisela ufakwa esobheni esingaqukatha inyama noma ezinye izithako ezingezona ezomdanso. Esinye isobho se-miso senziwa ngama-dashi nama-bonito flakes, okungewona neze ama-vegan.

Futhi funda: UMiso vs. Marmite, Ungakusebenzisa Kanjani Kokubili + Umehluko Ochaziwe

Yikuphi ukudla oyisebenzisayo ukunamathisela i-miso?

I-Miso paste isetshenziswa kakhulu esobho. Isobho seMiso yisidlo esivame kakhulu emazweni ase-Asia naseNyakatho Melika.

EJapane, kuyisiko ukuba nesobho se-miso sokudla kwasekuseni. Ngakho-ke, i-miso isiphenduke ukudla okuyisisekelo emindenini yaseJapan, ezindaweni zokudlela, noma ekuthathweni kokudla.

Ukunamathisela empeleni kunokusetshenziswa okuningi. Nalu uhlu lwezinhlobo zokudla ezithandwa kakhulu ongangeza i-miso ku:

• isobho
• Imisipha
• Ukugqoka
• Umshayi
• Izitobha
• AmaMarinades
• Ramen
• Izitsha zenoodle
• imifino
• Tofu
• Amasaladi

Uma usebenzisa i-miso paste, ufuna ukuqiniseka ukuthi awufaki unamathisele ezitsheni ezibilayo. Ufuna ukwengeza unamathisele esitsheni ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokupheka.

Uma uyibilisa kakhulu, ukushisa kuzobhubhisa amabhaktheriya namasiko enempilo we-miso, futhi uzosala ngaphandle kwezinzuzo zezempilo zalokhu kunamathisela.

Uma uthenga isithako esisha ongasisebenzisa kuresiphi, awuzondi yini ukuvele uphethe imbiza enkulu yezithako ezihlanganisa ifriji yakho? Nami futhi.

Ngikhathazekile kancane ngokugcina amabhodlela angahleliwe efrijini lami okungenani… noma okungenani ngiwagcine emnyango wefriji 'ngokuhlukaniswa'.

Ngiya 'kwimishini' lapho ngithola isithako esisha sokuthola izindlela zokuyisebenzisa kwezinye izindlela zokupheka, ngokushesha, nangokuningi okutholakele okumnandi… uhlobo lwami lwephrojekthi.

Futhi funda: sebenzisa lesi sitoko semifino esinempilo esikhundleni somhluzi wenkukhu

Ukugqoka isaladi

UMiso uletha i-vinaigrette ikhwalithi emangalisa, enobuhlakani. Hlanganisa isipuni esingu-1 sika-sherry noma uviniga wewayini, izipuni eziyi-2-3 zamafutha omnqumo ayintombi kanye ne-1 ithisipuni elincane le-miso unamathisele ndawonye isaladi yababili. Noma zama iresiphi esizokwabelana ngayo ekugcineni kwalesi sihloko.

Isobho lesifundo esiyinhloko

Isobho seMiso mhlawumbe yinto yokuqala ocabanga ngayo nge-miso. Isethulo sendabuko imvamisa ngumhluzi okhanyayo onotshani obusolwandle namanye ama-tofu cubes.

Yize kunjalo amasobho emiso nawo angaba wukudla okuhle ngokwabo…

Letha izinkomishi ezi-3 ngamathumba bese ugovuza ku-1-2 wezipuni zemiso emhlophe. Ukuze ukwenze kube nenjongo, engeza i-veg, amaprotheni kanye / noma ama-noodle. Lokhu kungakhonza abantu abangu-2.

E-stir-fries

UMiso unambitha okumnandi ngendlela emangalisayo kuma-stir-fries. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kubucayi kakhulu kungcono ukuqeda ukupheka i-stirry fry yakho bese uyiyeka ipholile kancane ngaphambi kokufaka i-miso kumxube.

U-anyanisi wama-burger

Indlela enhle kakhulu yokuletha ama-burger akho ezingeni elilandelayo. Nginciphise umqondo kusuka kumpheki okhaliphile uDan Hong waseSydney.

Kwibhotela elincane, pheka u-anyanisi wakho aze athambile, bese uwasusa ekushiseni bese ugoqa imiso elincane ngesizini. Imvamisa, ithisipuni elilodwa kuya kwamabili lanele.

Kuma-marinade

Sebenzisa i-miso ku-marinade ukuthola wonke lawa ma-flavour afakwe ngaphakathi. Awudingi nokulinda ukuthi ihambe ngolwandle ubusuku bonke, imizuzu emihlanu kuya kweyishumi ingaba ngaphezu kokwanele.

Ukuhlanganisa izipuni eziyi-6 ze iwayini elimhlophe noma i-mirin noma i-Chinese Shaoxing wine ngezipuni ezimbili ze-miso yindawo enhle yokuqala. Kwanele ukuhambisa inyama yabantu ababili. I-pan gazinga noma i-barbecue.

Njengoba usoso wakhonza eceleni

Emafutheni amancane, pheka inyama noma inhlanzi. Susa ipani emlilweni bese ubeka amaprotheni ukuphumula emapuletini wokuphaka.

Faka isipuni seviniga lewayini, izipuni ezi-2 ze-miso emhlophe, nesipuni samanzi ashisayo kumajusi epani, bese ufafaza inyama / inhlanzi yakho.

Isiphetho

I-Miso inhlama evutshiwe eyinika ukunambitheka okunamandla kakhulu, into ongeke uyithole kwezinye izidlo, nokho iyisisekelo sezidlo eziningi zase-Japanese.

Kuhle ukuhlola futhi ujwayele izinhlanganisela zokunambitheka ongayenza ngakho.

Futhi funda: lawa amabhrendi we-miso paste angcono kakhulu nama-flavour ongawasebenzisa

Bheka incwadi yethu entsha yokupheka

Izindlela zokupheka zomndeni wakwa-Bitemybun ezinohlelo lokudla oluphelele kanye nomhlahlandlela weresiphi.

Yizame mahhala nge-Kindle Unlimited:

Funda mahhala

UJoost Nusselder, umsunguli weBite My Bun ungumthengisi wokuqukethwe, ubaba futhi uthanda ukuzama ukudla okusha ngokudla kwaseJapan enhliziyweni yothando lwakhe, futhi kanye nethimba lakhe ubelokhu enza izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2016 ukusiza abafundi abathembekile ngezindlela zokupheka namathiphu okupheka.