Yini umeboshi? Umhlahlandlela ophelele we-powerhouse yase-Japan flavour
Yinye kuphela into enomphetho amakhowe e-shiitake e-Asian cuisine uma kuziwa empilweni nokunambitha. Futhi lokho kuyiphutha.
Abanye bakubiza ngokuthi “i-superfood” noma “imfihlo yokuphila isikhathi eside” kwaseJapane; abanye bakubiza ngokuthi “i-energy booster of samurais.”
Nokho, uma sibheka ngalé kwenganekwane yasendulo namazwi ashibhile, kumane nje kuyisithelo se-ume esifakwe emanzini anosawoti, noma “amaplamu afakwe usawoti,” njengoba bewubiza kanjalo.
I-Umeboshi ilungiswa ngokufaka usawoti noma ukomisa izithelo ze-ume, ezihlobene eduze nomndeni wamabhilikosi nama-plums. Inokunambitheka okunosawoti omningi nokumuncu futhi itholakala iphelele futhi inamathisele ifomu. Ziwukupheka okudumile kwaseJapane ukuzithoba futhi zithathwa njengezinezinto eziningi ezizuzisa ngokwesayensi.
I-Umeboshi ingesinye sezinongo zezithelo ezinempilo kakhulu laphaya!
Kulo mhlahlandlela, ngizochaza ngokunembile ukuthi wenziwa kanjani, yini eyenza ube okhethekile, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani ezenzweni zakho zokupheka.
Bheka incwadi yethu entsha yokupheka
Izindlela zokupheka zomndeni wakwa-Bitemybun ezinohlelo lokudla oluphelele kanye nomhlahlandlela weresiphi.
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Funda mahhalaKulokhu okuthunyelwe sizomboza:
Yini umeboshi?
I-Umeboshi yisithelo se-ume esifakwe emanzini anosawoti, owaziwa nangokuthi "iplamu yaseJapane efakwe emanzini." Isetshenziswa njenge-condiment ekuphekeni kwaseJapane, isibonelo, emabholeni e-onigiri, ama-furikake mixes, nanjenge-pickle ehambisana nokudla.
Nakuba ngokuvamile libizwa ngokuthi 'ipulamu,' kudingekile ukusho ukuthi leli gama lisetshenziselwa ukunethezeka nje.
Isithelo sicishe sifane namabhilikosi kunamaplamu.
I-Umeboshi ilungiswa ngokupakisha okomile ama-plums angavuthiwe anosawoti namanye amaqabunga e-shiso abomvu izinsuku ezine kuya kweziyisikhombisa.
Usawoti ukhipha umswakama ovela ezithelweni, odale amanzi ahlanzekile ukuze izithelo zingene.
Okulandelayo, izithelo zikhishwa ku-brine futhi zomiswe elangeni.
Ama-plums omiswe elangeni abe esebuyiselwa oketshezini noma agcinwe njengoba kwenzeka esitsheni ukuze aguge.
Esikalini sezimboni, uketshezi lwe-tart olukhishwe usawoti ku-umeboshi luthengiswa njenge-"ume plum vinegar" noma nje "i-plum vinegar," naphezu kokungewona uviniga wangempela.
Ungathenga umeboshi olungisiwe njengezithelo eziphelele ongazisebenzisa njenge-condiment. Ngiyathanda uhlobo lweKishu Nanko-ume ngoba awekho ama-sweeteners okwenziwa angeziwe.
Uma ungeyena umlandeli omkhulu wama-plums aphelele noma ufuna ukuzikhulula emizamweni efana nokusika umeboshi, kukhona futhi umeboshi unamathisele etholakala emakethe.
Ngaphandle kokuba esinye sezinongo ezivame kakhulu ekudleni kwaseJapan, yaziwa nangokubaluleka kwayo kwezokwelapha ekuvimbeleni nasekwelapheni izifo eziningi.
Ukukhuthazwa komgudu wokugaya ukudla, ukukhipha ubuthi emzimbeni, ukwelashwa kwezilonda, nokwanda kokukhuthazela kwezinso nesibindi kuyizinzuzo ezimbalwa zezempilo.
Njengamakhowe e-shiitake, umeboshi bekuyisihloko esivelele sezinganekwane zasendulo futhi yaziwa “ngemiphumela yayo yomlingo” emzimbeni.
Lokho kungase futhi kube esinye sezizathu ezenza imindeni eminingi yaseJapane ingabonakali iqala usuku lwayo ngaphandle kokulunywa okungenani noma amabili ama-plums umeboshi anetiye.
Abayidla ekuseni bayibiza ngokuthi ifana neshawa ebandayo. Bakholelwa ukuthi kubanikeza ukukhahlela okuqinile ukuqala usuku lwabo kuyilapho bebagcina bematasa phakathi namahora abo okusebenza.
Uthi bewazi Uviniga we-umeboshi ungaba indawo enkulu yesoso ye-soy ekuphekeni?
Kusho ukuthini umeboshi?
I-Umeboshi (梅干 し) igama lesi-Japanese elihumushela esiNgisini ngokuthi 'ama-plums aseJapane afakwe usawoti,' 'i-preserved plums,' noma, ngokwencazelo engokoqobo njengokuthi 'i-ume dry.'
Nakuba isithelo se-ume sivame ukubizwa ngokuthi 'iplamu yaseJapane,' sinomumo kanye nephunga elimnandi elifana nebhilikosi.
Kodwa-ke, ngokuphathelene nokunambitheka, kufana namajikijolo, ane-acidity eningi kanye nobumuncu obugcwele ngaphakathi.
Abantu bavame ukwenza iphutha lokuthi umeboshi njenge-umezuke (梅漬け), izinhlobonhlobo zamakhukhamba eplamu alungiselelwe ngaphandle kokomiswa.
Nakuba kokubili ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala kufana, ukuthungwa kwe-umezuke kuthambile kakhulu kune-umeboshi futhi ngokuvamile kuba mnyama kancane ngombala.
Ngabe umeboshi unambitheka kanjani?
Ukunambitheka kwe-umeboshi plums kunosawoti omningi futhi kumuncu ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwawo okuphezulu kwe-citric acid.
Ngakho-ke ayivamisile ukudliwa iyodwa futhi ivamise ukuphakelwa njengesinongo nezinye izitsha, irayisi yilo elivame kakhulu.
Nakuba abanye ongoti bethanda ukudla umeboshi eluhlaza, abakwazi ngisho nokudlula kancane kancane okubili kuya kokuthathu. Kuvele kuningi kakhulu ukuthi ama-tastebuds acutshungulwe.
Kodwa-ke, yilapho kuphela lapho sikhuluma ngeplamu yendabuko yaseJapane eqoshiwe.
Kukhona nezinhlobonhlobo ze-umeboshi enandiswe nge-katsuobushi, i-kombu, uju, uviniga wamajikijolo, noviniga we-apula.
Ngakho-ke uma ungeyena umlandeli omkhulu wosawoti, uhlale unenketho yokukhetha izinhlobo ezinambitheka umami noma ezinoshukela.
Nakuba nazo, zizoba ne-tartness yesiginesha kuzo, ziyadliwa kakhulu futhi mhlawumbe zinambitheka kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa neresiphi yasekuqaleni.
Kunoma yikuphi, uzobathanda.
Ungaphakelwa kanjani futhi udle umeboshi
I-Umeboshi ijwayele ukuphakelwa phezu kwerayisi elimhlophe elishisiwe (ngokuvamile nge i-furikake seasoning) noma irayisi amabhola.
Ibuye idliwe njenge-side dish kanye nokudla kwansuku zonke.
Nokho, lezi akuzona kuphela izindlela zokuyidla!
Kuningi ongakwenza nge-flavour ye-umeboshi enosawoti kanye ne-tart ukuze unikeze izitsha zakho ukusonteka okumnandi.
Ngakho-ke uma ufaneleka ukwedelela amasiko, okulandelayo yizinhlanganisela ezithakazelisayo ongaphakela ngazo umeboshi.
I-Umeboshi i-rice ne-genmai cha, i-dashi, ne-nori seaweed
Lelo yiqoqo lezithako, akunjalo? Hhayi-ke, kuyindlela yakudala yokuthatha iresiphi eyisisekelo yerayisi eline-umeboshi, futhi imnandi, ukusho okuncane.
Le recipe ifafaza irayisi elishubile nge-dashi powder kanye ne-nori seaweed futhi yengeza inani elifanele le-genmai cha (itiye eliluhlaza elayisi elinsundu).
Irayisi libe selifakwa umeboshi, futhi voila! Uzenzele isitsha esimanzisa umlomo!
Umeboshi esobho le-miso
Nakuba kungavamile, umeboshi uhlanganisa okuhle ne isobho se-miso ne-tofu.
Vele uqiniseke ukuthi unciphisa inani lokunamathisela kwe-miso olifakile njengoba nalo, linosawoti omningi. Esikhundleni se-miso, usebenzisa inani elifanayo lokunamathisela umeboshi kule recipe.
Ukuze uthole ukunambitheka okwengeziwe, ungafaka ne-wakame seaweed.
Umeboshi njengendlela yokugqoka isaladi
Ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo kwe-tart, iplamu yaseJapane efakwe emanzini anosawoti nayo isebenza njengesithako esihle ekugqokeni kwesaladi okuhlukahlukene.
Ivamise ukuhlanganiswa namafutha, isoso yesoya, noshukela ukuze uthole ukujula okwengeziwe nama-flavour njengoba yenza i-tartness enamandla kakhulu ye-umeboshi ingabi namandla.
Umeboshi nama-noodle
Ama-plums aseJapane anosawoti omuncu nawo enza inhlanganisela enhle nama-noodle uma engezwa namaqabunga amasha e-perilla, i-nori seaweed, no-anyanisi oluhlaza.
Iresiphi ilula! Vele ubeke ama-noodle nazo zonke izithako ezingenhla bese uwaqeda ngeplamu ye-umeboshi echotshoziwe. Okokugcina, engeza isobho le-noodle, ulihlanganise, bese uphaka.
Ungaphinde uhlole le vidiyo ye-YouTube ukuze uthole eminye imibono yokuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani umeboshi ekuphekeni kwakho:
Umsuka umeboshi
Ama-akhawunti we-umeboshi avela emithini yaseShayina kusukela esikhathini esidala njengeminyaka engu-3000 emuva.
Kodwa-ke, ngaleso sikhathi, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwakuwukwelapha kuphela, futhi isithelo sasitholakala kuphela kumakilasi aphezulu omphakathi.
Njengekhowe le-shiitake, lilima ngezinga lezimboni, futhi ukutholakala kwalo kubantu abavamile kwaqala lapho isithelo siwela imingcele yaseJapane eminyakeni eyi-1500 edlule.
Nokho, nangaleso sikhathi, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwakungokokwelapha isikhathi esithile.
Ngokomlando wendabuko wamaJapane, umeboshi wawuwukudla kwamaqhawe angama-samurai, ithoni ayezoyisebenzisa ukuze avuselele imisipha yawo ebuhlungu futhi alulame ekukhathaleni kwezimpi.
Kuthiwa phakathi nenkathi ethi “Sengoku Jidai” noma “Amazwe Alwayo” kusukela ngo-1468 kuya ku-1615, amaqhawe angamaSamurai ayephatha izikhwama ze-umeboshi ukuze athole amandla phakathi nezimpi ezimatasa.
Nokho, ekuqaleni kwenkathi ye-Edo (1603-1868), umeboshi waqala ukuduma phakathi kwabantu abavamile, futhi iJapane yaqala ukutshala izihlahla ze-mume nokwenza umeboshi ngezinga lezimboni.
Ngekhulu le-17, umeboshi wawuvame kakhulu phakathi kwamaJapane futhi wawutholakala etafuleni lokudlela layo yonke imizi.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, kwase kucishe kwaba umkhuba ukunikeza itiye eliluhlaza ne-kombu kanye ne-umeboshi phakathi kwabantu abavamile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, yayizuza nedumela elikhulu njenge-condiment.
Kuze kube namuhla, umeboshi unenani elikhulu esikweni laseJapane futhi uhlotshaniswa nokwelapha izifo ezinkulu nezincane. Ngokuvamile inikezwa abantu abanomkhuhlane, amakhaza, noma i-hangover.
Izinzuzo zezempilo umeboshi
Ah! Futhi manje kufika ingxenye elindelwe kakhulu yaso sonke isihloko; izinzuzo zezempilo umeboshi.
Awu, ake ngikutshele okuthile! Ziningi kakhulu kunalokho obungakhathalela ukukuzwa.
Lokho kusho, ngiqoqe kuphela izinzuzo ezinkulu zezempilo ze-umeboshi plums.
Usizo lokugaya ukudla
I-Umeboshi iwukudla okunefiber ephezulu okusiza ekugayeni ukudla futhi kusize ekuqiniseni umgudu wakho wamathumbu.
I-fiber yokudla etholakala ku-umeboshi ihambahamba emzimbeni wakho futhi yengeza inqwaba esitulweni sakho, ikhuthaza ukuba njalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithelo ze-ume ziyaziwa nangokuthi zingama-laxative emvelo. Lokhu kutholwe ocwaningweni lwezilwane olwenziwa ngo-2013.
Ocwaningweni, amagundane adliswa nge-plums ye-ume, futhi imijikelezo yawo yokugaya yayigcinwa njengesikhungo sokugxila.
Kutholakale ukuthi i-gastric motility yamagundane ithuthuke kakhulu.
Imiphumela yaphetha ngokuthi ama-plums afakwe emanzini anosawoti noma umeboshi angase abe nomthelela ofanayo kubantu ngenxa yokufana kwethu kwemvelo namagundane.
Olunye ucwaningo olwenziwe ngo-2015 waphinde wathola ukuthi umeboshi usiza ukuvimbela nokwelapha izifo ezahlukene zesisu.
Ababambiqhaza abangama-392 ocwaningweni ababedla njalo umeboshi bakhombisa ukunyakaza kwesisu okuthuthuke kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, babesengozini encane yanoma yiziphi izifo ezihlobene esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuvikelwa kwesibindi
I-Umeboshi ixhunyaniswe eduze nokwelapha nokuvikela isibindi ezifweni ezibulalayo njenge-hepatitis kanye ne-cirrhosis.
I-extract of fresh ume plums ngokuvamile, kanye ne-umeboshi ngokuqondile, iqukethe inqwaba yezimfanelo ezikhethekile ezisiza kakhulu ekukhuthazeni impilo yesibindi.
Njengoba isibindi sinesibopho sokukhiqiza amafutha adingeka kakhulu emzimbeni wakho kanye nokukhiqizwa kweprotheyini ye-prothrombin (ingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lokuhlangana kwegazi), sidinga lonke usizo esingaluthola ekudleni kwakho.
Ucwaningo lwakamuva lwelebhu luthole ukuthi i-extract ye-ume plums iqukethe into eyi-hepatoprotective evikela isibindi ezifweni ezibulalayo kuyilapho isiza ukwelapha ukulimala kwesibindi osekubangele kakade.
Ukuvimbela umdlavuza
Ngokusho kocwaningo, Kutholakale ukuthi i-umeboshi plum extract ayikwazi nje ukuvimbela umdlavuza kodwa futhi ilwa nawo ukuze umise ukukhula kwawo ezigulini ezithintekile.
Ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zomdlavuza lapho i-ume extract ibonise imiphumela efakazelwe ihlanganisa umdlavuza we-pancreatic, umdlavuza wesibindi, nomdlavuza webele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyazuzisa futhi ekuvimbeleni umdlavuza wesikhumba futhi, cishe, nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza.
Imiphumela ye-antioxidants
I-Umeboshi plums inothe kakhulu kuma-antioxidants futhi ingadlala indima enkulu ekuvikeleni umzimba wakho emiphumeleni emibi yama-molecule angazinzile noma ama-radicals mahhala atholakala emzimbeni wakho.
Ukwenza ama-plums afakwe emanzini anosawoti abe yingxenye yokudla kwakho kuqinisekisa ukuthi iningi lama-radicals mahhala ayancipha ngaphambi kokuba alimaze umzimba wakho.
Ngakho-ke, uhlala uphephile ezinkingeni eziningi zempilo ezibangelwa ukulimala kwamaseli. Lokhu kubandakanya umdlavuza, izinkinga ezifana nokungasebenzi kahle kwenhliziyo, nesifo sikashukela.
Ukuze uthole izinzuzo ezigcwele, umeboshi, dla okungenani ama-plums angu-1 kuya kwangu-2 ngosuku. Lokhu kufanele kube ngokwanele ukukunikeza zonke izakhi ezibalulekile ozidingayo, kanye nama-antioxidants amaningi.
Ukuqinisa amathambo
I-Umeboshi igcwele ama-polyphenols. Ngisho noma i-antioxidant esimweni sayo sangempela, ucwaningo olunzulu lwekhompiyutha luye lwathola ukuthi luhlotshaniswa nokunciphisa ingozi ye-osteoporosis.
Ukuze wazi nje, i-osteoporosis yisifo lapho amathambo elahlekelwa ukuminyana kwawo, abe brittle, futhi ahlale esengozini yokuphuka.
Ama-polyphenols avimbela lokhu futhi andise umthamo wokudla kwamathambo akho, okuwenza abe namandla.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-polyphenols nawo ahlotshaniswa nokwakhiwa kwe-collagen nama-osteoblasts, enye enesibopho sokubeka isakhiwo esiyisisekelo samathambo kanti enye i-bone synthesis.
Bheka umbiko enyatheliswa yi-National Library of Medicine ukuze ufunde imininingwane.
Ungawutholaphi umeboshi?
Ungathenga ama-plums e-umeboshi, uviniga we-plum, kanye nama-plums we-umeme kunoma yisiphi isitolo segrosa sase-Asia esiseduze noma izimakethe zokudla zemvelo.
Iphakethe elingu-8.46oz lizokubiza cishe u-$9.40 ngokwesilinganiso. Kodwa-ke, ingakhuphukela ku-$20, kuye ngohlobo nekhwalithi.
Ngokuvamile uzothola izinhlobo ezimbili ze-umeboshi emakethe; ezilula nezinambithekayo.
Izinhlobonhlobo ezilula noma umeboshi omisiwe uthengiswa ebhokisini elincane elifana ne-tiffin futhi liqukethe kuphela ama-plums.
Lawa ma-plums omiswa kusetshenziswa usawoti, ngaphandle kwezithasiselo ezengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, ukunambitheka okutholayo kumsulwa kakhulu, kunosawoti omningi.
Ezinhlobonhlobo ezinambithekayo, ama-plums umeboshi afakwe emanzini ahlukene, okuhlanganisa uju, i-apula, noviniga wama-blueberry.
Lolu hlobo lwe-umeboshi luqala ukukhishwa usawoti njengengxenye yenqubo yokukhiqiza, bese ubumuncu bawo buncipha ngosizo lwama-flavour eyengeziwe, amnandi oketshezi.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Mangaki amameboshi ongawadla ngosuku?
Njengoba kunikezwe inani elikhulu likasawoti ku-umeboshi, kunconywa ukudla umeboshi owodwa noma amabili kuphela ngosuku.
Ungangizwa kabi, bane-flavour emnandi, kodwa ukukhahlela kokunambitheka okunosawoti kuningi kakhulu ukukudla njengokudla okulula.
Ungagcina umeboshi kuze kube nini?
I-Umeboshi enosawoti ongu-20%, isb, umeboshi omisiwe, uzohlala cishe iminyaka emi-2-3 ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele zokugcinwa.
Kodwa-ke, lezo ezinosawoti ongu-10%, isb, umeboshi enongiwe, zizohlala kuphela amasonto angu-2-3 ngaphambi kokuba zibe zimbi.
Ungakwazi yini ukudla umeboshi uluhlaza?
Kunganjani uma ukwazi ukumelana nokunambitheka okunosawoti omkhulu kwe-umeboshi nokuba muncu?
Ngale ndlela, ungaqiniseka ukuthi uthola zonke izinzuzo zezempilo isithelo esikunikezayo ngesimo saso esimsulwa ngaphandle kokusihlambulula nokunye okuqukethwe.
Kutholakale ukuthi ukudla umeboshi oluhlaza kungakusiza uma ugula esiswini.
Ingabe ngidinga ukufaka esiqandisini ama-plums we-umeboshi nokunamathisela umeboshi?
Cha! I-Umeboshi plums kanye ne-umeboshi paste inosawoti olinganiselwa ku-20%, afakwe emanzini anosawoti, futhi azinzile eshalofini.
Awudingi ukuwafaka efrijini ngisho nangemva kokuvula imbiza yengilazi. Vele uvale imbiza ngokuqinile, futhi nonke nilungile.
Ungakwazi ukufriza umeboshi?
Ngokuvamile, i-meboshi ayidingi ukufakwa esiqandisini noma iqhwa.
Kodwa-ke, uma usebenzisa i-umeboshi enosawoti ongu-10%, kungase kube ukuhlakanipha ukuwufriza uma ucabanga ukuthi awukwazi ukuwusebenzisa emasontweni amabili.
Ngaleyo ndlela, zizohlala isikhathi eside.
Ingabe i-meboshi ayinayo gluten?
Yebo, i-umeboshi ingu-100% we-gluten-free kanye nokudla kwe-vegan.
Amazwi wokugcina
Kukhona isici esivamile esivame ukuhlotshaniswa nokudla okunempilo; azimnandi!
Nokho, lokho akubonakali kuyiqiniso uma sicwila ekudleni kwaseJapane. Isidlo ngasinye silula futhi sinempilo, sinokunambitha okunzima ukumelana nakho.
Ama-plums aseJapane aqoshiwe, noma umeboshi, angenye yawo.
I-tart, inosawoti, futhi ishubile, i-umeboshi igcwele umsoco futhi inezinzuzo eziningi zokwelapha, kuyilapho ugcwalisa ezinye izitsha zakho ngobuhle bayo obumnandi.
Kulesi sihloko, ngizame ukumboza konke okumele ukwazi mayelana nalesi sithelo esihle saseJapane, kusukela encazelweni yaso kuya ezindaweni ozosithola nanoma yini ephakathi.
Ngethemba ukuthi lesi siqeshana sibe usizo kukho konke, futhi ngizokubona nesinye.
Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, zama ezinye zezindlela zokupheka zesi-Japanese ezabiwe kule bhulogi, njenge le recipe elula kodwa emnandi yaseJapane i-stir fry iklabishi iresiphi.
Bheka incwadi yethu entsha yokupheka
Izindlela zokupheka zomndeni wakwa-Bitemybun ezinohlelo lokudla oluphelele kanye nomhlahlandlela weresiphi.
Yizame mahhala nge-Kindle Unlimited:
Funda mahhala
UJoost Nusselder, umsunguli weBite My Bun ungumthengisi wokuqukethwe, ubaba futhi uthanda ukuzama ukudla okusha ngokudla kwaseJapan enhliziyweni yothando lwakhe, futhi kanye nethimba lakhe ubelokhu enza izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2016 ukusiza abafundi abathembekile ngezindlela zokupheka namathiphu okupheka.