Furikake: Kusho Ukuthini Futhi Ivelaphi?

About the Author: Joost Nusselder, umbhali wencwadi yokupheka ye-Essential Japanese meal planner cookbook Kubuyekezwe Agasti 18, 2022

Uma uyisidlova noma usanda kuzithela endaweni yokudlela yaseJapane, kungenzeka ukuthi uqaphele abantu befafaza izigqoko ezinemibala egqamile elayisi labo.

I-Furikake ivela egameni lesiJapane elithi “furi” elisho “ukufafaza” nelithi “kake” elisho “phezulu.” Ngakho-ke, i-furikake isho "ukufafaza phezulu."

Ngakho igama alihlanganise lutho nezithako, kodwa kakhulu ngesenzo noma ukusetshenziswa. Mhlawumbe yingakho kunezinhlobo eziningi zokunambitheka (hlola ukubuyekezwa kwethu kwemikhiqizo ye-furikake engcono kakhulu)

UFurikake ungumJapane owomile isinongo kwakusho ukufafazwa phezu kwerayisi. Ngokuvamile iqukethe ingxube yenhlanzi eyomisiwe neyomisiwe, ethosiwe imbewu yesesame, i-nori yasolwandle eqoshiwe, ushukela, usawoti, kanye i-monosodium glutamate, i-wat enhle yokwengeza umami.

Ezinye izithako enambitheka ezifana katsuobushi (ngezinye izikhathi kukhonjiswe ephaketheni njenge-bonito), i-okaka (ama-bonito flakes oswakanyiswe ngesoso yesoya futhi omisiwe futhi), izinhlayiya zesaumoni eziqandisiwe, i-shiso, iqanda, i-miso eyimpuphu, imifino, njll., kuvame ukungezwa kumxube.

Enye yezinto ezinhle mayelana ne-Japanese cuisine ukuthi inikeza inhlanganisela yama-flavour esidlweni esisodwa - futhi i-furikake ingenye yezindlela zokuthola ukunambitheka okuningi ngokhezo olulodwa.

UFurikake, obizwa ngokuthi “fuh-ree-kaw-kee,” isinongo ngokwesiko kusetshenziswa njenge-topping yelayisi, kepha kunambitheka cishe kukho konke ukudla okunomsoco ongakucabanga.

I-Furikake ifafazwa ukuze kwengezwe i-crunch kanye ne-flavour efitsheni, imifino, nelayisi eliphekiwe.

Ingxenye ehamba phambili ukuthi ungazenzela ukuhlanganisa kwakho, ulawule okukuyo ngokubeka isithako esincane noma esiningi ngendlela othanda ngayo.

Isinongo seFurikake sinikeza umthombo omuhle wamaprotheni nezinye izakhi ezifana ne-calcium. Kwethulwa okokuqala ukubhekana nokushoda kwe-calcium nokungondleki kahle kubantu baseJapan, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni.

I-Furikake ivame ukuba ne-flakey futhi inemibala egqamile. Inokudla kwasolwandle okuncane noma ukunambitheka kwezinhlanzi ngengcosana ye-tang ebabayo. Isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukudla kwaseJapan ngamarayisi amabhola afana nalawa onigiri nokudla okufakwe emanzini anosawoti.

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-furikake ithole ukuvelela okukhulu emazweni asentshonalanga nakuwo wonke umhlaba. Abantu bayisebenzisa njengesinongo senhlanzi ethosiwe noma ebhakwe, ukudla okulula, nezinhlanzi eziluhlaza kanye namasaladi enyama.

E-Japan, ungathola i-furikake kuzo zonke izitolo zomnyango. Futhi ngaphandle kwezwe, izitolo ezinkulu eziningi zase-Asia kanye nezitolo zegrosa zinendawo yokungena enambitheka ehlukahlukene ye-furikake noma ungayithola emakethe yendawo yase-Japan.

Bheka incwadi yethu entsha yokupheka

Izindlela zokupheka zomndeni wakwa-Bitemybun ezinohlelo lokudla oluphelele kanye nomhlahlandlela weresiphi.

Yizame mahhala nge-Kindle Unlimited:

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I-furikake inambitheka kanjani?

I-Furikake inokunambitheka okumnandi, kwe-umami elungele ukungeza ukunambitheka okuthe xaxa kwezitsha. Ingasetshenziswa njengesinongo ngokwayo noma yengezwe kwamanye amasoso noma okokugqoka.

Iningi lephrofayili ye-flavour livela kumbewu yesesame emhlophe, kodwa ukunambitheka kolwandle okunosawoti we-nori nakho kuyasiza ukuyinikeza ukujula okukhulu.

Iqukethe izithako ezivela olwandle njengama-nori seaweed kanye ama-bonito flakes (ama-flakes e-tuna omisiwe) ngakho-ke inambitheka efana nenhlanzi futhi isawoti. Kepha, kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunalokho ngoba imbewu ye-sesame nayo inika ukunambitheka okumnandi kwamantongomane futhi.

Sekukonke, ngingachaza ukunambitheka njenge-umami. Kuyisinongo esimuncu ngakho-ke lindela ukuzwa ukuqhuma emlonyeni wakho.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-furikake?

Ubuwazi ukuthi i-furikake iyisinongo esidumile sezingane? Isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukunambitheka kwezitsha zerayisi ezilahlekile kanye nemifino ukukhuthaza izingane ukuthi zidle ukudla kwazo.

Kepha, kulezi zinsuku abantu abadala bakuthanda ngempela lokhu kudilizwa futhi ama-flavour amasha adalwa njalo.

Enye yezinambitheka ze-furikake ezithandwa kakhulu sansho okuwupelepele waseJapan futhi lokhu kuhlukahluka okubabayo kulungele ukunonga ukudla okuyisicefe.

Olunye uhlobo oludumile yi- wasabi ngokunambitheka okuqinile.

Ngemuva kwalokho, une i-classic bonito flake furikake (katsuo) kanye ne- noritama eyenziwe ngokhula lwasolwandle lukaNori kanye netamago. Lezi zinezicucu ezincane zezinhlanzi ezimibalabala ongazibona.

Futhi okudumile kepha okungajwayelekile, uthola i- ngenxa yesalmon furikake futhi i-cod roe (tarako) futhi lezi zilungele abathandi bezinhlanzi.

Iningi le-furikake alinawo noma iyiphi i-shellfish noma amantongomane ngakho-ke kuphephile kubantu abanezifo ezithile zomzimba kepha hlola njalo kuqala. Futhi-ke, qaphela uma unenkinga yokungezwani komzimba nembewu yesesame, njengoba kuvame ukuba ku-furikake.

Uyini umsuka we-furikake?

Umbono we-furikake mdala kakhulu. Kepha, isithokelo sangempela esibizwa nge-furikake sivela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1950.

Kwaphela amakhulu eminyaka ngaphambi kwalokho, yayenziwa ngenhlanzi eyomisiwe efana noshaka, obomvu obomvu, nesalmon kodwa kwakungeyona ngempela i-furikake esiyaziyo namuhla. 

IFurikake yavela eJapan eminyakeni engamakhulu ayi-12 edlule. Ekuqaleni yayisetshenziswa njengendlela yokulondoloza izinhlanzi njengama-flakes ukuze zisetshenziswe kalula elayisini, kodwa yaduma njengesinongo ngawo-1920 lapho usokhemisi u-Suekichi Yoshimaru ethola indlela yokuyisebenzisa ukulwa nokuntuleka kwe-calcium yaseJapan.

Bathi uSuekichi Yoshimaru wasungula i-furikake njengoba siyazi.

IFurikake, ngokungafani nokunye ukudla kwaseJapan okwadlula amakhulu eminyaka, kuyisiko elisha.

Eqinisweni, ingxenye ethokozisayo ngomlando wayo ukuthi i-furikake ayidalwanga ngumpheki ukwengeza ukunambitheka, kepha kwenziwa ngusokhemisi ukuhlinzeka ngezithako zokudla okunempilo!

Isinongo siqanjwe ngo- “Furi Kakeru,” isenzo sesiJapane esisho “ukufafaza.”

Ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo kanye nempi

I-furikake yesimanje yadalwa ngesikhathi seTaisho (1921-1926). Kwenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kokudla okunempilo phakathi kwabantu bendawo.

Abantu baseJapan bakhule ngamaphesenti amabili kwezintathu phakathi kuka-1867 no-1912.

Kwakuyisikhathi sempi nobuphofu obujwayelekile. Umbuso waseJapan wawukhula njalo ngamandla awo ezempi. Izimpi eziningi zalwelwa ukukhulisa ukulawula kwayo. Umshini wempi wafuthwa kuqala, ngakho-ke iJapane yabhekana nokuntuleka kokudla.

Ukudla okungenampilo nokungenampilo kubangele ukuthi umphakathi namasosha bahlakulele ukuswela okukhulu kwe-calcium.

Omunye usokhemisi wayekhathazekile ngokuqukethwe kwe-calcium ephansi ekudleni kwaseJapan.

USuekichi Yoshimaru, usokhemisi, weza nombono wesengezo se-calcium esivela emathanjeni ezinhlanzi aphansi ukuze kulungiswe ukungondleki. 

U-Yoshimaru uthathe isinqumo sokuthi izingane ngeke zithande ukunambitheka kwe-bonemeal, ngakho-ke wakuxuba nembewu yesame nama-nori flakes. Uphakamise ukwenza impuphu kusuka enhlanzini eyomisiwe, ecebile nge-calcium.

Uhlanganise isame namakhambi (shiso), wenza impuphu engasetshenziswa njengesengezo se-calcium kubantu abangazithandi izinhlanzi. Ngakho-ke ngokuyisisekelo kwaba kanjalo-ke i-furikake.

Kulezi zinsuku, i-furikake ingaphezu kwesinongo nokho. Kuyindlela yokuxhasa impilo yabantu baseJapan ngokudla ngoba akubhekwa njengesengezo. 

IGohan No Tomo

Impuphu yasekuqaleni kaJoshimaru iyisandulela se-furikake futhi yabizwa IGohan No Tomo. 

IGohan No TomoImpumelelo ikhuthaze uSaiichirou Kai ukuthi azame eyakhe inguqulo. Impuphu ne ithimochi (white croaker fish), kwakuphekwa ngomxube we-soy sauce.

Okulandelayo, yayingenamanzi futhi ixutshwe nembewu yesame nenori. Uphawu lukaKai lwalubizwa ngokuthi uKore wa Umai noma “Lokhu Kuhle.” Ibhizinisi lakhe lakhula laba yiTokyo lapho enza khona ukunambitheka kolwandle lwenoritama nokunambitheka kweqanda.

EMpini Yezwe 1, amasosha athola izabelo embuthweni ngendlela ye- IGohan No Tomo, okwakuyizengezo ezingabizi futhi ezizinzile.

UFurikake wayeyintandokazi yamasosha, futhi yathandwa kakhulu lapho sebebuyele emakhaya.

Lezi zinongo zaziwa ngokuhlanganyela njenge-furikake ngo-1959 futhi basasebenzisa leli gama kuze kube manje. 

Usebenzisa kanjani i-furikake?

I-Furikake ingasetshenziswa ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene. Ivamise ukubizwa ngokuthi isinongo serayisi saseJapan futhi ifafazwe phezu kwerayisi elishisiwe noma ezinye izitsha ukuze uthole ukunambitheka okwengeziwe.

Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengesinongo kumasoso noma okokugqoka, noma yengezwe esobho noma isitshulu.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-furikake ne-togarashi?

I-Togarashi iyimpuphu yepelepele yaseJapan evame ukusetshenziswa njengesinongo. Inokunambitheka okubabayo, okubabayo, kuyilapho i-furikake inokunambitheka okumnandi, kwe-umami.

I-Togarashi nayo iyimpushana kuphela, kuyilapho i-furikake ingama-flakes amaningi nezingcezu zokhula lwasolwandle.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-furikake ne-gomasio?

I-Gomasio isinongo saseJapan esenziwe ngezimbewu zikasesame ophansi nosawoti. Inokunambitheka okunomsoco, okunambithekayo, kuyilapho i-furikake inokunambitheka okumnandi, kwe-umami nehivithi yobumnandi. I-Gomasio igayiwe kuyilapho i-furikaki iluhlaza futhi inezicucu ezinkulu.

Ungayigcina kanjani i-furikake

I-Furikake ingagcinwa endaweni epholile, neyomile kuze kube yizinyanga eziyisi-6. Uma isivuliwe, kuhle ukuyigcina esitsheni esingangeni moya ukuze uyigcine iyintsha.

Izitsha ezidumile ezisebenzisa i-furikake

Ezinye izitsha ezidumile ezisebenzisa i-furikake zifaka:

-Onigiri (Amabhola erayisi aseJapane): I-Onigiri yenziwe ngerayisi elakhiwe libe yibhola noma umumo ongunxantathu bese livama ukugoqwa ngokhula lwasolwandle. I-Furikake ivame ukufafazwa phezulu.

-I-Omurice (irayisi le-omelette yaseJapane): I-Omurice yenziwe ngerayisi elithoswe nge-omelet yeqanda phezulu. I-Furikake ivame ukufafazwa elayisini ngaphakathi.

-Ikhari YaseJapane: Ikhari yaseJapane yenziwe ngezithako ezihlukahlukene njengenyama, imifino, nelayisi. I-Furikake ivame ukufafazwa phezu kwekhari yaseJapane ukuze uthole ukunambitheka okwengeziwe.

-I-Ramen: I-Ramen isobho laseJapane le-noodle elenziwe ngomhluzi, ama-noodle, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zokugqoka. I-Furikake ivame ukufafazwa phezu kwe-ramen futhi uyidle ngaphambi kokuthi izike futhi ibe mushy.

Ingabe i-furikake iphilile?

I-Furikake iwumthombo omuhle we-calcium, okusansimbi, novithamini A. Ibuye ibe nama-kilojoule aphansi namafutha. Kodwa-ke, iphezulu ku-sodium, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuyidla ngokulinganisela.

I-Furikake ingaba yindlela enhle yokwengeza ukunambitheka okwengeziwe nezakhamzimba ezitsheni zakho. Kuyi-condiment eguquguqukayo.

Yebo, i-furikake imvamisa iyisiphuzo esinempilo.

Izimbali zasolwandle zaseDulse zinezinga eliphakeme le-calcium ne-magnesium. Iqukethe namazinga aphezulu we-potassium, i-magnesium, amaprotheni kanye ne-fiber.

I-Dulse, njengayo yonke imifino yasolwandle, ingenye yemithombo engcono kakhulu yemvelo ye-iodine. Le minerali ebalulekile ibalulekile ekhonweni lendlala yegilo lakho ukulawula umzimba wakho, ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, nokusebenza kwengqondo, kukusiza ukuthi ucabange kangcono. 

Cishe zonke izithako ze-furikake ziphephile. Akufanele usebenzise ngokweqile i-furikake noma uyisebenzise ngokulinganisela ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwe-sodium. Inani elincane lipakisha ukunambitheka okunamandla. 

Lesi siphuzo siqukethe usawoti omningi ngenxa yesosi yesoya kanye nokhula lwasolwandle olumnandi. Ngenxa yalokho, i Isinongo sinosawoti kakhulu futhi kufanele sigwenywe yilabo abane-cholesterol ephezulu.

Inkinga eyodwa nge-furikake ukungezwa kwe-MSG (I-Monosodium glutamate). Akuzona zonke iziphuzo ze-furikake eziqukethe lesi sengezo. Isizathu sokuthi kuthiwa i-MSG imbi empilweni ukuthi yeqisa amangqamuzana ezinzwa.

Futhi funda: ingabe i-furikake ihamba kabi futhi iphelelwa yisikhathi noma ungayigcina?

Isiphetho

I-Furikake inokuningi esingasinika yona, kusukela ekunambithekeni kuya ekutholeni lezo misoco edingeka kakhulu. Kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke, kuyindlela elula yokwengeza ukupheka kwangempela kwaseJapane ezitsheni zakho.

Futhi funda: lena iresiphi yethu ye-furikake eyenziwe ekhaya ezanyiwe yahlolwa

Bheka incwadi yethu entsha yokupheka

Izindlela zokupheka zomndeni wakwa-Bitemybun ezinohlelo lokudla oluphelele kanye nomhlahlandlela weresiphi.

Yizame mahhala nge-Kindle Unlimited:

Funda mahhala

UJoost Nusselder, umsunguli weBite My Bun ungumthengisi wokuqukethwe, ubaba futhi uthanda ukuzama ukudla okusha ngokudla kwaseJapan enhliziyweni yothando lwakhe, futhi kanye nethimba lakhe ubelokhu enza izindatshana zebhulogi ezijulile kusukela ngo-2016 ukusiza abafundi abathembekile ngezindlela zokupheka namathiphu okupheka.